Appreciable Enhancement of Photocatalytic Performance for N-doped SrMoO_(4) via the Vapor-thermal Method

A series of nitrogen-doped SrMoO_(4) with different Sr/N mole ratio (R=0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20,0.40,and 0.60) were synthesized using urea as the N source via the vapor-thermal method.The photocatalytic degradation ability of all samples was evaluated using methylene blue (MB) as a target contaminant.The band gaps of N-doped samples are all higher than that of pristine ones,which is only 3.12 eV.BET specific surface area S_(BET) and pore volume are increased due to the N doping.And the greater increase of S_(BET),the faster the photodegradation speed of methylene blue on SrMoO_(4).More specifically,the degradation efficiency of MB is improved up to 87%in 100 min.

NaYSiO_(4)∶Ce^(3+)蓝色荧光粉的发光性质及其在白光发光二极管上的应用

采用高温固相法合成了NaYSiO_(4)∶xCe^(3+)(0.01≤x≤0.05)系列蓝色荧光粉。NaYSiO_(4)∶xCe^(3+)荧光粉在250~360 nm之间的宽带吸收能与紫外LED芯片很好地匹配。NaYSiO_(4)∶xCe^(3+)荧光粉中存在多个Ce^(3+)离子荧光中心,且在紫外光激发下表现出峰值波长位于414 nm附近的宽带蓝光发射。NaYSiO_(4)∶0.02Ce^(3+)荧光粉在300~350 nm紫外光激发下量子效率在25%以上。NaYSiO_(4)∶0.02Ce^(3+)荧光粉表现出优良的化学稳定性,在水中浸泡14 d后荧光强度和量子效率几乎不变。将NaYSiO_(4)∶0.02Ce^(3+)蓝色荧光粉、商用(Sr,Ba)_2SiO_(4)∶Eu^(2+)绿色荧光粉和商用(Ca,Sr)AlSiN_(3)∶Eu^(2+)红色荧光粉涂覆于310 nm紫外LED芯片上制备得到了显色指数高达95的LED器件。当驱动电流从50 mA逐渐增大到300 mA时,制备的LED器件表现出稳定的暖白光发射,其色坐标几乎不变。上述结果说明,本研究报道的NaYSiO_(4)∶0.02Ce^(3+)蓝色荧光粉在紫外LED芯片驱动的白光发光二极管照明上有着潜在应用价值。

磁性Ce-La-MOFs@Fe_(3)O_(4)的除氟性能

通过水热法制备了Ce-La-MOFs@Fe_(3)O_(4)复合材料,研究了Ce-La-MOFs@Fe_(3)O_(4)对水溶液中F^(-)的吸附性能,并通过响应曲面法优化了吸附条件。实验结果表明:在pH=3.6、实验温度为40℃、初始氟离子浓度为17.4 mg/L的条件下,Ce-La-MOFs@Fe_(3)O_(4)的吸附效果最佳,F^(-)去除率可达94.5%。除氟特性实验数据更适合用Langmuir模型进行描述,拟合得到最大吸附容量(q_(max))为147.23 mg/g,热力学参数ΔG^(o)、ΔH^(o)和ΔS^(o)表明该吸附反应是一个自发吸热的熵增过程。动力学研究表明Ce-La-MOFs@Fe_(3)O_(4)对F^(-)的吸附符合准二级反应动力学过程。对复合材料的形貌和结构进行了表征分析,并结合吸附热力学和动力学研究探讨了吸附机理,该吸附过程主要是离子交换和静电吸附共同作用。共存离子实验、循环再生实验结果显示,Ce-La-MOFs@Fe_(3)O_(4)对F^(-)具有较好的选择性,该复合材料的再生性能较好,回收率可达96%,两次循环后对F^(-)的去除率仍达81.74%。

Sr_(0.5)Zr_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)-(Ce,Sm)PO_(4)复相陶瓷核废物固化体的制备及化学稳定性

为同时固化高放废物中的模拟放射性核素Sr、Ce和Sm,采用一步微波烧结工艺成功制备了Sr_(0.5)Zr_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)-(Ce,Sm)PO_(4)复相磷酸盐陶瓷固化体,采用XRD、Raman、SEM-EDS和密度表征研究了其物相组成、微观结构以及致密性,并利用PCT法评估了化学稳定性。结果表明:Sr_(0.5)Zr_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)相和(Ce,Sm)PO_(4)独居石相兼容性好,两相间不发生相互反应;所制备的复相陶瓷固化体晶粒尺寸小,相对密度高于96%,改变Sm/Ce比对固化体的微观结构和致密性无明显影响;PCT测试结果表明Sr、Ce和Sm的元素归一化元素浸出率都较低,与单相磷酸盐陶瓷固化体相比,复相磷酸盐陶瓷固化体具有较为优异的化学稳定性。

无压烧结制备Y_(2)MgAl_(4)SiO_(12)∶Ce^(3+)荧光陶瓷及光学性能

Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12)∶Ce^(3+)荧光粉是目前白光LED的主要发光材料,但在使用时存在封装树脂因散热不佳而发生老化等问题。本文采用无压烧结制备了Y_(2)MgAl_(4)SiO_(12)∶Ce^(3+)透明陶瓷荧光体,用于替代荧光粉体和调控发光性能。首先通过化学共沉淀法制备前驱体粉体,经高温煅烧后采用冷等静压成型,最后在马弗炉中1 600℃煅烧制得透明荧光陶瓷。研究了Ce^(3+)掺杂浓度和样品厚度对材料性能的影响,其中掺杂量为0.5%的样品在800 nm处具有56%的透过率,在450 K下发光强度仍能保持室温强度的84%。与蓝光芯片组装成器件测试表明,荧光陶瓷在蓝光LEDs/LDs的激发下发出白光,其CIE色度坐标分别为(0.307 6,0.332 9)和(0.308 0,0.331 6),光效分别为62.6 lm/W和146.3 lm/W。研究结果表明,YMAS∶Ce荧光陶瓷可应用于白光LEDs/LDs领域。

Thermodynamic equilibrium theory-guided design and synthesis of Mg-doped LiFe_(0.4)Mn_(0.6)PO_(4)/C cathode for lithium-ion batteries

Mn-rich LiFe_(1-x)Mn_(x)PO_(4)(x>0.5),which combines the high operation voltage of LiMnPO_(4)with excellent rate performa nce of LiFePO4,is hindered by its sluggish kinetic properties.Herein,thermodynamic equilibrium analysis of Mn^(2+)-Fe^(2+)-Mg^(2+)-C_(2)O_(4)^(2-)-H_(2)O system is used to guide the design and preparation of insitu Mg-doped(Fe_(0.4)Mn_(0.6))_(1-x)Mg_(x)C_(2)O_(4)intermediate,which is then employed as an innovative precursor to synthesize high-performance Mg-doped LiFe_(0.4)Mn_(0.6)PO_(4).It indicates that the metal ions with a high precipitation efficiency and the stoichiometric precursors with uniform element distribution can be achieved under the optimized thermodynamic conditions.Meanwhile,accelerated Li+diffusivity and reduced charge transfer resistance originating from Mg doping are verified by various kinetic characterizations.Benefiting from the contributions of inherited homogeneous element distribution,small particle size,uniform carbon layer coating,enhanced Li+migration ability and structural stability induced by Mg doping,the Li(Fe_(0.4)Mn_(0.6))_(0.97)Mg_(0.03)PO_(4)/C exhibits splendid electrochemical performance.

Hydrothermal synthesis and enhanced photocatalytic activity of hierarchical flower-like Fe-doped BiVO_4

Fe-doped BiVO4with hierarchical flower-like structure was prepared via a hydrothermal method using sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate(SDBS)as structure directing agent.X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmissionelectron microscope(TEM),high resolution transmission electron microscope(HRTEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and UV-Vis were applied for characterization of the as-prepared samples.The formation mechanism of flower-like structure wasproposed based on the evolution of morphology as a function of hydrothermal time.Fe-doped into substitutional sites of BiVO4effectively improved the migration and separation of photogenerated carrier and enhanced the utilization of visible light.Flower-likeFe-doped BiVO4showed much higher visible-light-driven photocatalytic efficiency for degradation of methyl blue compared withthe pristine BiVO4.And the sample with a Fe/Bi mole ratio of2.5%showed the highest photocatalytic efficiency.

Synthesis of cerium-doped MCM-48 molecular sieves and its catalytic performance for selective oxidation of cyclohexane

Cerium-doped MCM-48 molecular sieves were synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption, transmission electron microscope, FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that all the samples held the structure of MCM-48, and Ce could enter the framework of MCM-48. However, when Ce/Si molar ratio in the sampies was high （0.04 or 0.059）, there were CeO2 crystallites as secondary phase in the extraframework of MCM-48. Ce-doped MCM-48 was a very efficient catalyst for the oxidation of cyclohexane in a solvent-free system with oxygen as an oxidant. In the conditions of 0.5 MPa 02 and 413 K for 5 h, the conversion of cyclohexane was 8.1% over Ce-MCM-48-0.02, the total selectivity of cyclohexanol and cyclohaxnone was 98.7%. With an increase of Ce content, the conversion of cyclohexane and the selectivity to cyclohexanol decreased somewhat, but the selectivity to cyclohexanone increased.

Regulated electronic structure and improved electrocatalytic performances of S-doped FeWO4 for rechargeable zinc-air batteries

The exploration of active and long-lived oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)catalysts for the commercialization of zinc-air batteries are of immense significance but challenging.Herein,the sulfur doped FeWO_(4)embedded in the multi-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon structure(S-FeWO_(4)/NC)was successfully synthesized.The doped S atoms optimized the charge distribution in FeWO_(4)and enhanced the intrinsic activity.At the same time,S doping accelerated the formation of reaction intermediates during the adsorption reduction of O_(2)on the surface of S-FeWO_(4)/NC.Accordingly,the S-FeWO_(4)/NC catalyst showed more positive half-wave potential(0.85 V)and better stability than that of the FeWO_(4)/NC catalyst.Furthermore,the S-FeWO_(4)/NC-based zinc-air battery exhibited considerable power density of 150.3m W cm^(-2),high specific capacity of 912.7 m A h g^(-1),and prominent cycle stability up to 220 h.This work provides an assistance to the development of cheap and efficient tungsten-based oxygen reduction catalysts and the promotion of its application in the zinc-air battery.

Magnetocaloric properties of Nd-doped Gd5Si4 microparticles and nanopowders

The preparation of materials with enhanced magnetocaloric properties is crucial for magnetic refrigeration. In thisstudy, Nd-doped Gd5Si4 microparticles and nanomaterials were synthesized using the reduction–diffusion method. Theimpact of Nd doping with varying compositions on the structure and entropy change properties of the materials was investigated.The Curie temperatures of both the micron- and nano-sized materials ranged from 190 K to 210 K, which were lowerthan previously reported values. Micron-sized samples doped with 1% Nd exhibited superior magnetocaloric properties,demonstrating a maximum entropy change of 4.98 J·kg^(-1)·K^(-1) at 5 T, with an entropy change exceeding 4 J·kg^(-1)·K^(-1)over a wide temperature range of approximately 70 K. Conversely, the nanomaterials had broader entropy change peaks butlower values. All samples exhibited a second-order phase transition, as confirmed by the Arrott plots.

Photoluminescence and Ce^(3+)→Tb^(3+)→Eu^(3+) Energy Transfer Processes of the Ce^(3+)/Tb^(3+)/Eu^(3+)-doped β-NaYF_(4) Phosphors with Broadened Excitation Spectrum

Ce^(3+)/Tb^(3+) co-doped and Ce^(3+)/Tb^(3+)/Eu^(3+) tri-doped β-NaYF_(4) photoluminescent microcrystals using oleic acid as surfactant were synthesized using the solvothermal method.Their microstructural characteristics and photoluminescence properties were investigated in detail.They have the shape of hexagonal prism bipyramids with uniform particle size,which decreases with the concentrations of Tb^(3+) and Eu^(3+).The energy transfer processes of both the Ce^(3+)→Tb^(3+) and the Ce^(3+)→Tb^(3+)→Eu^(3+) were systematically studied.Compared with Eu^(3+) or Tb^(3+) single-doped β-NaYF_(4) microcrystals,the sensitization by Ce^(3+) for the photoluminescence of Tb^(3+) and Eu^(3+) leads to a broad excitation spectral bandwidth in the ultraviolet (UV) range.Meanwhile,the corresponding optical absorption efficiency is greatly enhanced.High energy transfer efficiencies have been observed from Ce^(3+) to Tb^(3+) and from Tb^(3+) to Eu^(3+).

Rare earth doped CaCu_3Ti_4O_(12) electronic ceramics for high frequency applications

Ca1-xRxCu3Ti4O12(R=La,Y,Gd;x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3) electronic ceramics were fabricated by conventional solid-state reaction method.The microstructure and dielectric properties as well as impedance behavior were carefully investigated.XRD results showed that the secondary phases with the general formula R2Ti2O7 existed at grain boundaries of rare earth doped ceramics,which inhibited abnormal grain growth.The dielectric constant decreased from 4×105 in pure CaCu3Ti4O12(CCTO) ceramics to 2×103 with rare earth doping....

Tuning Structural and Electronic Configuration of FeN_(4) via External S for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Reaction

The Fe-N-C material represents an attractive oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalyst,and the FeN_(4)moiety has been identified as a very competitive catalytic active site.Fine tuning of the coordination structure of FeN_(4)has an essential impact on the catalytic performance.Herein,we construct a sulfur-modified Fe-N-C catalyst with controllable local coordination environment,where the Fe is coordinated with four in-plane N and an axial external S.The external S atom affects not only the electron distribution but also the spin state of Fe in the FeN_(4)active site.The appearance of higher valence states and spin states for Fe demonstrates the increase in unpaired electrons.With the above characteristics,the adsorption and desorption of the reactants at FeN_(4)active sites are optimized,thus promoting the oxygen reduction reaction activity.This work explores the key point in electronic configuration and coordination environment tuning of FeN_(4)through S doping and provides new insight into the construction of M-N-C-based oxygen reduction reaction catalysts.

A ratiometric fluorescent probe for hypoxanthine detection in aquatic products based on the enzyme mimics and fluorescence of cobalt-doped carbon nitride

A ratiometric fluorescent probe for hypoxanthine(Hx)detection was established based on the mimic enzyme and fluorescence characteristics of cobalt-doped graphite-phase carbon nitride(Co doped g-C_(3)N_(4)).In addition to emitting strong fluorescence,the peroxidase activity of Co doped g-C_(3)N_(4)can catalyze the reaction of O-phenylenediamine and H_(2)O_(2)to produce diallyl phthalate which can emit yellow fluorescence at 570 nm.Through the decomposition of Hx by xanthine oxidase,Hx can be indirectly detected by the generating hydrogen peroxide based on the measurement of fluorescent ratio I(F_(570)/F_(370)).The linear range was 1.7-272.2 mg/kg(R^(2)=0.997),and the detection limit was 1.52 mg/kg(3σ/K,n=9).The established method was applied to Hx detection in bass,grass carp,and shrimp,and the data were verified by HPLC.The result shows that the established probe is sensitive,accurate,and reliable,and can be used for Hx detection in aquatic products.

Defect Engineering in Earth-Abundant Cu_(2)ZnSnSe_(4) Absorber Using Efficient Alkali Doping for Flexible and Tandem Solar Cell Applications

To demonstrate flexible and tandem device applications,a low-temperature Cu_(2)ZnSnSe_(4)(CZTSe)deposition process,combined with efficient alkali doping,was developed.First,high-quality CZTSe films were grown at 480℃by a single co-evaporation,which is applicable to polyimide(PI)substrate.Because of the alkali-free substrate,Na and K alkali doping were systematically studied and optimized to precisely control the alkali distribution in CZTSe.The bulk defect density was significantly reduced by suppression of deep acceptor states after the(NaF+KF)PDTs.Through the low-temperature deposition with(NaF+KF)PDTs,the CZTSe device on glass yields the best efficiency of 8.1%with an improved Voc deficit of 646 mV.The developed deposition technologies have been applied to PI.For the first time,we report the highest efficiency of 6.92%for flexible CZTSe solar cells on PI.Additionally,CZTSe devices were utilized as bottom cells to fabricate four-terminal CZTSe/perovskite tandem cells because of a low bandgap of CZTSe(~1.0 eV)so that the tandem cell yielded an efficiency of 20%.The obtained results show that CZTSe solar cells prepared by a low-temperature process with in-situ alkali doping can be utilized for flexible thin-film solar cells as well as tandem device applications.

The Effect of Nd^(3+) Concentration on Upconversion Luminescence in Yb^(3+)/Tm^(3+)/Nd^(3+) Tripledoped b-NaGdF_(4) Nanocrystals

Nd^(3+)-doped NaGdF_(4):Yb,Tm nanocrystals were synthesized by an improved high-temperature thermal decomposition method,and the effects of doping concentrations on the crystal structure,phase composition,and upconverted fluorescence intensity were also investigated.The results reveal that the introduction of Nd^(3+) ions does not cause the transformation of the crystal phase,but induce the change of the unit cell parameters.Meanwhile,the fluorescence intensity of the synthesized nanocrystals when co-doped with 3 mol%Nd^(3+) is the strongest under the excitation of 980 nm laser,which is 3.9 times that of the Nd^(3+)-free doped nanoparticles,and the average size is 62.9 nm.And it is located in the blue area of the CIE coordinate diagram,and the corresponding color purity is 91.81%under the same experimental conditions.The resulting nanocrystals show the potential as excellent fluorescence labeling and in vivo imaging probes.

Surface modification and characterization of F-Co doped spinel LiMn_2O_4

Spinel LiCo0.09Mn1.91O3.92F0.08 as cathode material was modified with LiCoO2 by the sol-gel method, and the crystal structure, morphology and electrochemical performance were characterized with XRD, SEM, EDS, AAS and charge-discharge test in this paper. The results show that a good clad coated on parent material can be synthesized by the sol-gel method, and the materials with modification have perfect spinel structure. LiCo0.09Mn1.91O3.92F0.08 materials coated by LiCoO2 improve the stability of crystal structure and decrease the dissolution of Mn into electrolyte. With the LiCoO2 content increasing, the specific capacity and cycle performance of samples are improved. The capacity loss is also suppressed distinctly even at 55 ℃.

Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of Ce^(3+), Tb^(3+) Co-Doped Zn_4B_6O_(13)

Green-photoluminescence material Zn4B6O13: Ce3+, Tb3+ was first synthesized by spread method of high temperature and solid state reaction, which is cubic crystal system with lattice parameters: a(0) = 0.7472 nm, V = 0.4172 nm(3), and structural properties are investigated by XRD. The excitation and emission band of Ce3+ ion single-doped in Zn4B6O13 transfer longer spectra 2.38 similar to 4.94 kk than in other matrices. Emission band of Ce3+ ion better overlaps with the F-7(6)-->(5)G(2),D-5(1),H-5(7) absorption band of Tb3+. It shows that emission of Tb3+ ion is sensitized by Ce3+. In Zn4B6O13:Ce3+, Tb3+, it is due to the energy transfer mechanism, resonance transfer of electric multipolar interaction of the dipole-dipole between Ce3+-->Ce3+ and Ce3+-->Tb3+. The color coordinates of Zn4B6O13: X 0.281, gamma = 0.619. The mean diameter of the particles is 0.23 mum.

Nb掺杂对Ca_(0.94)Ce_(0.06)Bi_(4)Ti_(4)O_(15)铋层状高温压电陶瓷电学性能影响研究

采用固相反应法制备了Ca_(0.94)Ce_(0.06)Bi_(4)Ti_(4-x)Nb_(x)O_(15)(CCBTN)铋层状高温压电陶瓷,研究了B位Nb掺杂对陶瓷晶体结构、微观形貌、介电、压电性能的影响规律。结果表明:制备的CCBTN陶瓷均具有单一的铋层状结构相,少量Nb掺杂有利于陶瓷压电常数及热稳定性能的提升。当Nb掺杂量x=0.06时,陶瓷具有最高的压电常数(d33=19.2pC·N^(-1)),是纯CBT陶瓷压电常数(d33=8 p C·N^(-1))的2.4倍,且退火至500℃时其压电常数仍保持室温值的90%以上,表现出较优异的热稳定性。同时,该陶瓷具有高的居里温度(Tc=769℃)、低的介电损耗(tanδ=0.65%)及高的电阻率(ρdc=2.0×10^(7)Ω·cm@500℃),是高温压电传感器制作的优异候选材料。

Boosting rate and cycling performance of K-doped Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(2)F_(3) cathode for high-energy-density sodium-ion batteries

As a promising cathode material,Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(2)F_(3)(NVPF)has attracted wide attention for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)because of its high operating voltage and high structural stability.However,the low intrinsic electronic conductivity and insufficient Na ion mobility of NVPF limit its development.Herein,K-doping NVPF is prepared through a facile ball-milling combined calcination method.The effects of K-doping on the crystal structure,kinetic properties and electrochemical performance are investigated.The results demonstrate that the Na_(2.90)K_(0.10)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)F_(3)(K0.10-NVPF)exhibits a high capacity(120.8 mAh g^(-1) at 0.1 C),high rate capability(66 mAh g^(-1) at 30 C)and excellent cycling performance(a capacity retention of 97.5%at 1 C over 500 cycles).Also,the occupation site of K ions in the lattice,electronic band structure and Na-ion transport kinetic property in K-doped NVPF are investigated by density functional theory(DFT)calculations,which reveals that the K-doped NVPF exhibits improved electronic and ionic conductivities,and located K^(+) ions in the lattice to contribute to high reversible capacity,rate capability and cycling stability.Therefore,the K-doped NVPF serves as a promising cathode material for high-energy and high-power SIBs.