Objective This study aimed to review the available literatures on control of latent tuberculosis （TB） infection and propose a new control strategy to shorten the course of TB chemotherapy. Data sources The data used...Objective This study aimed to review the available literatures on control of latent tuberculosis （TB） infection and propose a new control strategy to shorten the course of TB chemotherapy. Data sources The data used in this review were mainly obtained from articles listed in PubMed. The search terms were ＂therapy （treatment） of tuberculosis; ＂therapy （treatment） of latent TB infection; and ＂vaccine of TB.＂ Study selection Articles regarding treatment and vaccine of TB were selected and reviewed. Results The most crucial reason causing the prolonged course of TB chemotherapy is the dormant state of Mycobacterium tuberculosis （M. tuberculosis）. Nevertheless, there are, to date, no effective drugs that can directly kill the dormant cells of M. tuberculosis in clinical therapy. In accordance with the growth cycle of dormant M. tuberculosis in the body, the methods for controlling dormant M. tuberculosis include direct killing with drugs, prevention of dormant M. tuberculosis resuscitation with vaccines, and resuscitating dormant M. tuberculosis with preparations or drugs and then thoroughly killing these resuscitated M. tuberculosis by using anti-TB therapy. Conclusions The comprehensive analysis of the above three methods suggests that the drugs directly killing dormant cells are in clinical trials, TMC207 is the most beneficial for controlling TB. Because the side effect of vaccines is less and their action period is long, prevention of dormant cells resuscitation with vaccines is promising. The last control method makes it probable that when a huge number of active cells of M. tuberculosis have been killed and eradicated after 1-month short chemotherapy, only a strong short-term subsequent chemotherapy can completely kill and eradicate the remaining M. tuberculosis. This control strategy is expected to significantly shorten the course of TB chemotherapy and bring a new change and breakthrough in TB treatment.展开更多
The proliferation response of γδT cells to the antigen from heat-treated Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (M.tb Ag)was used as a good model in γδT cell research.From preliminary research it is found that activated...The proliferation response of γδT cells to the antigen from heat-treated Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (M.tb Ag)was used as a good model in γδT cell research.From preliminary research it is found that activated NK cells positively elevated γδT cells proliferation after simulating PBMCs with M.tb Ag.To investigate different behaviors of NK cells,γδNKT cells,γδT cells and relationships between these cell subsets,activation and proliferation of different cell subsets of PBMCs in response to M.tb Ag were analyzed.We demonstrated that NK cells,γδNKT cells and γδT cells could be activated after stimulation with M.tb Ag.γδNKT cells and γδT cells proliferated while the number of NK cells decreased after 11 day-simulation with M.tb Ag.Meanwhile,at the early time of stimulation the cytotoxicity of PBMCs was enhanced.Cellular & Molecular Immunology. 2004;1(6):467-470.展开更多
The coding regions of Ag85B MPT-64, and ESAT-6 secreted proteins were cloned initially into the eu-karyotic expression vector pJW4303, then transformed to E. coli Top 10 strain for plasmid DNA extraction and further a...The coding regions of Ag85B MPT-64, and ESAT-6 secreted proteins were cloned initially into the eu-karyotic expression vector pJW4303, then transformed to E. coli Top 10 strain for plasmid DNA extraction and further analysis. Plasmids containing the right insertion were se-quenced to confirm their identity. COS7 cells were trans-fected with a mixture containing serially diluted plasmid DNA encoding three secreted proteins and Lipofectin (Gibco). The supernatants and pellets prepared from various cell lines were run on SDS-PAGE gel and the expression of these proteins in COS7 cells were demonstrated by immunoblot using polyclonal or monoclonal antiserum of M.TBH37Rv. 21 days after first vaccination of C57BL-6 mice by all three recombinant eukaryotic expressing vectors, antibody titer for Ag85B reached 1:3200. 21 days after second vaccination, the antibody titer reached 1:102400. The highest antibody levels induced by multivalent vaccines after the second injection were equal to or even greater than the展开更多
人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)和结核分枝杆菌共感染是全球性公共卫生重大问题,结核分枝杆菌和HIV均是在细胞内复制的病原体,通过损伤细胞免疫而造成持续感染。随着免疫学的进展,人们逐渐了解HIV和结核分枝杆菌共感染的一些临床特点及免疫学机...人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)和结核分枝杆菌共感染是全球性公共卫生重大问题,结核分枝杆菌和HIV均是在细胞内复制的病原体,通过损伤细胞免疫而造成持续感染。随着免疫学的进展,人们逐渐了解HIV和结核分枝杆菌共感染的一些临床特点及免疫学机制。树突状细胞(DCs)通过高水平表达主要组织相容性复合物II(MHC II)类分子、协同分子及黏附分子,诱导免疫激活,促使T细胞增殖。HIV和结核分枝杆菌感染后树突状细胞功能受损,导致Th1/Th2及Treg/Th17(help T cell,辅助性T细胞;Regulatery T cell,调节性T细胞)平衡打破,进一步降低了细胞毒性T细胞(CTL)清除结核分枝杆菌和HIV的能力。随着HIV和结核分枝杆菌共感染免疫机制研究的不断深入,人们对HIV合并结核分枝杆菌感染的诊治水平将不断提高。展开更多
文摘Objective This study aimed to review the available literatures on control of latent tuberculosis （TB） infection and propose a new control strategy to shorten the course of TB chemotherapy. Data sources The data used in this review were mainly obtained from articles listed in PubMed. The search terms were ＂therapy （treatment） of tuberculosis; ＂therapy （treatment） of latent TB infection; and ＂vaccine of TB.＂ Study selection Articles regarding treatment and vaccine of TB were selected and reviewed. Results The most crucial reason causing the prolonged course of TB chemotherapy is the dormant state of Mycobacterium tuberculosis （M. tuberculosis）. Nevertheless, there are, to date, no effective drugs that can directly kill the dormant cells of M. tuberculosis in clinical therapy. In accordance with the growth cycle of dormant M. tuberculosis in the body, the methods for controlling dormant M. tuberculosis include direct killing with drugs, prevention of dormant M. tuberculosis resuscitation with vaccines, and resuscitating dormant M. tuberculosis with preparations or drugs and then thoroughly killing these resuscitated M. tuberculosis by using anti-TB therapy. Conclusions The comprehensive analysis of the above three methods suggests that the drugs directly killing dormant cells are in clinical trials, TMC207 is the most beneficial for controlling TB. Because the side effect of vaccines is less and their action period is long, prevention of dormant cells resuscitation with vaccines is promising. The last control method makes it probable that when a huge number of active cells of M. tuberculosis have been killed and eradicated after 1-month short chemotherapy, only a strong short-term subsequent chemotherapy can completely kill and eradicate the remaining M. tuberculosis. This control strategy is expected to significantly shorten the course of TB chemotherapy and bring a new change and breakthrough in TB treatment.
文摘The proliferation response of γδT cells to the antigen from heat-treated Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (M.tb Ag)was used as a good model in γδT cell research.From preliminary research it is found that activated NK cells positively elevated γδT cells proliferation after simulating PBMCs with M.tb Ag.To investigate different behaviors of NK cells,γδNKT cells,γδT cells and relationships between these cell subsets,activation and proliferation of different cell subsets of PBMCs in response to M.tb Ag were analyzed.We demonstrated that NK cells,γδNKT cells and γδT cells could be activated after stimulation with M.tb Ag.γδNKT cells and γδT cells proliferated while the number of NK cells decreased after 11 day-simulation with M.tb Ag.Meanwhile,at the early time of stimulation the cytotoxicity of PBMCs was enhanced.Cellular & Molecular Immunology. 2004;1(6):467-470.
基金This work was supported by the Chinese National High-Tech "863" Project (Grant No. 2001AA213141).
文摘The coding regions of Ag85B MPT-64, and ESAT-6 secreted proteins were cloned initially into the eu-karyotic expression vector pJW4303, then transformed to E. coli Top 10 strain for plasmid DNA extraction and further analysis. Plasmids containing the right insertion were se-quenced to confirm their identity. COS7 cells were trans-fected with a mixture containing serially diluted plasmid DNA encoding three secreted proteins and Lipofectin (Gibco). The supernatants and pellets prepared from various cell lines were run on SDS-PAGE gel and the expression of these proteins in COS7 cells were demonstrated by immunoblot using polyclonal or monoclonal antiserum of M.TBH37Rv. 21 days after first vaccination of C57BL-6 mice by all three recombinant eukaryotic expressing vectors, antibody titer for Ag85B reached 1:3200. 21 days after second vaccination, the antibody titer reached 1:102400. The highest antibody levels induced by multivalent vaccines after the second injection were equal to or even greater than the
文摘人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)和结核分枝杆菌共感染是全球性公共卫生重大问题,结核分枝杆菌和HIV均是在细胞内复制的病原体,通过损伤细胞免疫而造成持续感染。随着免疫学的进展,人们逐渐了解HIV和结核分枝杆菌共感染的一些临床特点及免疫学机制。树突状细胞(DCs)通过高水平表达主要组织相容性复合物II(MHC II)类分子、协同分子及黏附分子,诱导免疫激活,促使T细胞增殖。HIV和结核分枝杆菌感染后树突状细胞功能受损,导致Th1/Th2及Treg/Th17(help T cell,辅助性T细胞;Regulatery T cell,调节性T细胞)平衡打破,进一步降低了细胞毒性T细胞(CTL)清除结核分枝杆菌和HIV的能力。随着HIV和结核分枝杆菌共感染免疫机制研究的不断深入,人们对HIV合并结核分枝杆菌感染的诊治水平将不断提高。
