Research on static characteristic of double redundance double nozzle flapper valve based on AMESim

The feedback spring rod of the armature assembly is cancelled in the double redundance double nozzle flapper valve(DRDNFV),and the difficulty of valve core displacement control is increased.Therefore,this paper intends to study the static characteristic of DRDNFV through the AMESet and AMESim simulation.It is explored under the circumstance of the fixed orifices being clogged and experimentally verified on the test bench.The results show that the pressure gain increases and the flow gain decreases with the increasing clogged degree of the fixed orifices on both sides.The zero bias increases synchronously with the increasing clogged degree of the unilateral fixed orifice.The experimental results are basically consistent with the theoretical curves and the theoretical correctness of the simulation model is effectively verified.The results can provide the theoretical reference for design,debugging,maintenance and fault diagnosis of DRDNFV.

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study of Heat-fluid-solid Coupling of Double Flapper-nozzle Servo Valve

The double flapper-nozzle servo valve is widely used to launch and guide the equipment. Due to the large instantaneous flow rate of servo valve working under specific operating conditions, the temperature of servo valve would reach 120℃ and the valve core and valve sleeve deform in a short amount of time. So the control precision of servo valve significantly decreases and the clamping stagnation phenomenon of valve core appears. In order to solve the problem of degraded control accuracy and clamping stagnation of servo valve under large temperature difference circumstance, the numerical simulation of heat-fluid-solid coupling by using finite element method is done. The simulation result shows that zero position leakage of servo valve is basically impacted by oil temperature and change of fit clearance. The clamping stagnation is caused by warpage-deformation and fit clearance reduction of the valve core and valve sleeve. The distribution roles of the temperature and thermal-deformation of shell, valve core and valve sleeve and the pressure, velocity and temperature field of flow channel are also analyzed. Zero position leakage and electromagnet＇s current when valve core moves in full-stroke are tested using Electro-hydraulic Servo-valve Characteristic Test-bed of an aerospace sciences and technology corporation. The experimental results show that the change law of experimental current at different oil temperatures is roughly identical to simulation current. The current curve of the electromagnet is smooth when oil temperature is below 80℃, but the amplitude of current significantly increases and the hairy appears when oil temperature is above 80℃. The current becomes smooth again after the warped valve core and valve sleeve are reground. It indicates that clamping stagnation is caused by warpage-deformation and fit clearance reduction of valve core and valve sleeve. This paper simulates and tests the heat-fluid-solid coupling of double flapper-nozzle servo valve, and the obtained results provide the reference value for the design of double flapper-nozzle force feedback servo valve.

Research on valve core’s clamping stagnation of double flapper-nozzle servo valve

Due to great changing of instantaneous temperature of hydraulic oil of double flapper-nozzle servo valve, thermal deformation between valve core and valve sleeve may result in catching phenomenon of valve core, and then the reliability of servo valve could be affected seriously. The work focuses on a particular model of double flapper-nozzle servo valve and establishes three dimension couple models of liquid-solid-thermal under extreme operating condition. The transmission route and dissipative mechanism of heat is revealed and thermal deformation behavior of valve core and valve sleeve is researched. A change law of the key fit clearance under the effect of thermal expansion and warp deformation is explored, the source of catching phenomenon of valve core is identified, and then preventive measure and improvement can be proposed. In order to verify the correctness of theoretical analysis, the moving smoothness of deformed valve core and reground valve core under the circumstance of high-temperature hydraulic oil on electrohydraulic servo valve static characteristics test table is compared and tested. The results show that as oil temperature rises, relative deformations between valve core and valve sleeve in different direction at a same cross-section are not equal, and then the key fit clearance is less than the initial value. Relative deformations in the same direction at different axial position are not equal, the deformations of middle and two ends are maximum and minimum values respectively, and then warp deformation of valve core occurs. When oil temperature is higher, the relative deformations between valve core and valve sleeve is larger, the moving smoothness of valve core gets worse, and the catching phenomenon of valve core occurs. Axial deformation of valve sleeve and valve core at different axial position is different, and the opening coefficient and stability of servo valve could be affected, especially the operation circumstance of small opening. The study can provide some guidance for designing double nozzle flapper servo valves.

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Congenital Double Orifice Mitral Valve

The application of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography （RT 3DE） in the diagnosis of double orifice mitral valve （DOMV） was explored. Five cases of DOMV were examined by using 2-dimensional echocardiography （2DE） and RT 3DE. The spatial morphology of malformed mitral valve and its change in hemodynamics were observed. DOMV associated with partial atrioventricular septal defect was found in 3 cases （in which 2 cases had cleft mitral valve） and isolated DOMV in 2 cases; and moderate to severe mitral regurgitation was detected in 3 cases, and mild mitral regurgitation in 1, and no regurgitation in 1 case; 1 case had complicated rhumatic heart disease. Three cases were preoperatively discovered by 2DE, while 2 missed （1 case was discovered postoperatively）. Four cases were diagnosed by RT 3DE preoperatively, and 1 case was diagnosed postoperatively （not examined by RT 3DE preoperatively）. It was suggested that RT 3DE is a reliable technique in the diagnosis of DOMV; it permitted comprehensive and noninvasive assessment of mitral valve and may supplement 2D TTE in the assessment of DOMV.

Transcatheter Decompression of the Left Atrium in an Adolescent with a Double Inlet Left Ventricle, Severe Parachute Mitral Valve Stenosis and Pulmonary Hypertension

A 17-year-old adolescent with non-operated double inlet left-ventricle and severe stenosed parachute mitral valve is reported. He was admitted with repetitive syncope related to intermittent atrial fibrillation. Life-threatening syncope combined with pre- and post-capillary pulmonary hypertension together with his single ventricle pathophysiology led to the decision for left atrial decompression by percutaneous static atrial septum ballooning after transseptal needle perforation. Aiming to create a restrictive atrial septum defect, unloading of the left atrium without disturbing the balanced hemodynamics was directed for a long-term palliation or as a basis for a further surgical follow-up approach.

Dynamic and Static Characteristics of Double Push Rods Electromechanical Converter

Due to the influence of material characteristics and winding power, single output electromagnet has limited ability to improve the dynamic characteristic of electro-hydraulic valve. Therefore, an electromechanical converter with double push rods is proposed in this paper, which can simultaneously output two electromagnetic forces, can push or pull the valve core and sleeve according to the current direction and realize rapid operation of load. According to the electromagnetic principle and the magnetic circuit analysis method, the mathematical model and equivalent circuit of the electromechanical converter with double push rods are established. Through the finite element simulation model of the electromechanical converter with double push rods with the same magnetization directions, the changing rules of its magnetic field distribution and force–displacement behaviors are studied and analyzed. According to the analysis results, the electromagnetic mechanical parameters and mechanical structure of the electromechanical converter with double push rods are determined, and the prototype is made. The test platform for the push-pull characteristics of the electromechanical converter with double push rods is built, and its static and dynamic characteristics are tested and analyzed. The results show that the thrust and pull output characteristics of the internal and external push rods are basically consistent with the simulation output, and proportional to the current density of the coil;the push-pull hysteresis of internal and external push rods output force is less than 5%;and the dynamic time response characteristics of the displacement and force are obtained. The hysteresis e ect of output force is improved e ectively through the H bridge drive control circuit modulated by PWM. Compared with the displacement response of a singlewinding electromagnet with a similar volume, it can e ectively improve the dynamic displacement response. Followup work will further optimize the structure of the electromechanical converter and test the corresponding pilot valve. The research results provide a new theory for improving the output characteristics of electro-hydraulic pilot valve and have an extremely high engineering application value and broad application prospect.

Study on a Novel Digital Electro－Hydraulic Pressure Valve with a Capillary Damping Tube Regulating Pressure

A digital electro-hydraulic 4-port differential pressure control valve with a novel principle and structure is presented. The valve is designed by applying the regulating pressure technique of a capillary damping tube and also making full use of double freedom of the spool motion. Thevalve can implement digitizing interface easily. The theoretical analysis and experimental resultsshow that the valve is not only very simple in structure and convenient in use, but also has manygood properties, such as fast response, no-null-shift, etc.

Anterior and posterior urethral valves: a rare association

Association of anterior and posterior urethral valve is a rare congenital anomaly causing lower urinary tract obstruction in children. This paper highlights our experience with a two-month-old boy with double urethral valves. Antenatal ultrasonography failed to detect any abnormality. At the age of 1 month, he presented with urinary dribbling, straining at micturition, and febrile urinary tract infection. Clinically, the urethra was dilated at micturition. Diagnosis was confirmed by retrograde urethrogram and urethroscopy. Endoscopic ablation of both valves was done by electrocautery hook.

Using Double-acting Hydraulic Actuators for Weight Reduction in the Offshore Industry

An actuator is a machine or component installed on the top of an industrial valve for automatically moving and controlling the valve.The performance of a valve is largely dependent on its actuator.An actuator can be hydraulic,pneumatic,or electrical.This paper focuses on hydraulic actuators,which are common for large size and high-pressure class ball valves.Hydraulic actuators can be either single-acting(spring return)or double-acting.Single-acting actuators return to safe mode in case of failure.However,double-acting actuators have a fail-as-is function and cannot keep the valves open or closed in case of failure.This research used a combination of theoretical and experimental approaches.The paper discusses two case studies in offshore industry projects in which double-acting hydraulic actuators were selected instead of single-acting,and possible design impacts are discussed.A theoretical review is given in three papers about operating torque for ball valves,optimization of shutdown valve actuator weight,and design and analysis of hydraulic actuators.These three papers were selected for review to connect the valve required torque with actuator sizing and selection,finding practical approaches to optimize the actuator weight as well as develop a theoretical model to calculate the actuator thickness and dimensions for the 38”CL1500 ball valve in the Johan Sverdrup project.The proposed formulas and calculations used for sizing the 38”CL1500 ball valves were validated through a finite element analysis model.

绥中880MW汽轮机阀门进汽方式优化

绥中880MW机组虽进行过现代化通流改造,但调节阀、进汽机构及控制形式并未改造,仍沿用原单阀运行模式,对机组效率影响较大。通过优化阀门开启顺序、优化流量曲线重叠度并进行大量轴承载荷理论计算,对阀门不同进汽方式进行优化研究,推荐合理运行方式,解决单阀一直无法切换问题,达到了预期效果,提高了经济性,在同类机组中具有较高的应用推广价值。

石油井安全阀弹簧蓄能密封性能分析及结构优化

为研究一种适用于超高压石油井安全阀用密封圈,设计一种适用于做往复运动的弹簧蓄能密封圈结构方案,并分析密封圈唇口结构对密封性能的影响规律。通过构建V形等效弹簧建立二维轴对称模型,借助ABAQUS有限元仿真软件分析不同唇口结构的接触应力状态;以泄漏量为指标,评价单唇和双唇在介质压力35、70、105 MPa和相对运动速度4~8 mm/s下的密封性能;并在双唇口结构优化的基础上,分析唇口角度和唇口间距对密封性能的影响规律。结果表明:在70 MPa介质压力以下,单/双唇结构的密封性能随介质压力变化的趋势相同,随着介质压力逐渐升高,双唇结构的优势逐渐明显;双唇优化后,唇口角度和唇口间距仅对唇口局部接触压力分布有影响,对密封性能的影响十分有限;相对运动速度对2种结构的密封性能影响具有相同的规律;双唇结构密封性能整体比单唇结构提高约25%。

无需内固定的眶隔法重睑术

目的探讨眶隔瓣翻转向下嵌插在切口下唇真皮与睑板之间且无需内固定的仿生重睑术的临床效果。方法2021年2月至2023年2月,对就诊于郑州市第三人民医院的80例患者(男3例,女77例,年龄18~45岁),采用眶隔瓣翻转向下嵌插在切口下唇真皮与睑板之间,与真皮呈面状粘连,且无需内固定,仿照生理性力学传导形成重睑。观察其临床效果。结果本组80例,160只眼,均于术后6~7d拆线,重睑形态及眼睑闭合良好,随访3个月至2年,外形自然,无眼睑闭合不全,无上睑退缩,无睁眼无力。68例达到满意效果,9例为基本满意,3例为不满意,满意率为85%。结论眶隔瓣翻转向下嵌插在切口下唇真皮与睑板之间且无需内固定的仿生重睑术具有重睑效果稳定、力学传导形成接近生理性重睑、动态形状自然逼真等优势,具有较好的临床应用效果。

硬密封双偏心球阀反向承压密封问题有限元研究

应用ANSYS软件对通径DN300、工作压力3.5 MPa、工作温度500℃的硬密封双偏心球阀反向承压密封面接触问题进行了非线性有限元分析,得到阀门关闭时在反向承压状态下有无预压紧条件下,硬密封双偏心球阀的应力应变图。通过有限元计算结果分析得到了硬密封双偏心球阀应用可移动阀座,并且通过对其预加合适的压紧力,能够更好地实现反向承压密封。同时分析结果还表明,双偏心球阀的阀板容易发生变形,变形会影响阀板和阀座的密封配合,双偏心球阀的阀板必须保证一定的刚性。理论和实践研究结果表明,阀座选用浮动形式的结构,通过预压紧提供初始密封压紧力后,通过阀内液体作用于阀座,阀座压紧阀板为密封提供压紧力实现密封的技术更适合双偏心球阀。研究对“双向零泄漏”硬密封双偏心球阀的结构设计有指导意义。

单作用气动执行器增大扭力方法探究与应用

单作用气动关断阀在失气时,依靠弹簧对阀门进行复位,而对于阀体为球型阀门的气动关断阀,如果扭力不足,很容易出现阀门卡阻现象,起不到应有的安全保护作用,存在很大的风险隐患。通过分析气动关断阀的内部结构,总结阀门卡阻故障原因,本着降本增效的理念,对比分析了3种增大执行器扭力的方法,在不改变原设计基础上,探究增大扭力的创新方案,提高关断阀安全可靠性。

双折臂起重机起吊装置速度控制优化

双折臂起重机起吊装置复合动作协调性小于安全性需求,考虑到阀后补偿较阀前补偿复杂,故采用阀前补偿型负载敏感液压系统控制其起吊装置动作。给出了双折臂起重机起吊装置起吊原理,搭建了其液压系统仿真模型,开展了双折臂起重机复合动作速度仿真。主要分析了不同开度和不同质量下的动臂和伸臂速度动态性能,基于动臂和伸臂液压缸活塞受负载影响明显,在动臂液压缸无杆腔油路增加了平衡阀。通过分析设置了动臂平衡阀开启压力20.5 MPa、先导比0.5、全开压降1.5 MPa,进行了相同开度和质量工况的动臂活塞速度仿真。研究表明:增加平衡阀后,动臂下降速度能限制在与负载质量无关的速度指令范围内。选取某双折臂式起重机为实车测试对象,验证了仿真结论的正确性。据此可在伸臂液压缸进回油路增加平衡阀,解决伸臂液压缸速度受负载的影响问题。该研究对提高双折臂起重机的起吊性能具有一定参考价值。

基于LabVIEW的串联双腔制动阀密封性能检测系统

为了满足汽车售后市场对串联双腔制动阀密封性便捷快速的诊断,开发了串联双腔制动阀密封性能检测系统。首先分析串联双腔制动阀密封性测试方案,明确了系统的功能要求;然后进行密封性能检测系统的总体设计和气路子系统、作动机构、夹紧机构、测控子系统的详细设计。最后进行了密封性能检测系统功能验证实验和串联双腔制动阀密封性测试。实验结果表明稳态情况时,压力控制误差不超过±10 kPa,位移控制误差不超过±0.1 mm,力变化幅度不超过20 N;密封性能测试表明,密封性能检测系统可测量出制动阀0.4 kPa的压降,满足密封性检测要求。

双阀芯先导笼式调节阀的设计仿真与试验

为解决高温高压工况下调节阀的不平衡力及密封力难以达到所需泄漏等级的问题,设计了一种大阀芯和小阀芯分段配合工作、充分利用阀前介质压力增加阀座密封力的双阀芯先导笼式调节阀。文中给出了调节阀的不平衡力计算公式、流量方程,分析了其流量特性,并对阀内流体的流动进行了仿真,分析了流体流过调节阀后的压力损失;对大阀芯内腔进行了流体流动仿真,分析了阀前压力、内腔温度以及密封力的变化;对大、小阀芯进行了运动仿真,分析了执行器驱动力、阀芯轴向合力和大阀芯速度的变化。常温介质阀体耐压试验和阀座泄漏量试验结果表明,阀体均无可见泄漏和变形,泄漏量设定为10滴/min时,3次实测泄漏量分别为1、1和2滴/min。高温介质阀座泄漏量试验结果表明,泄漏量设定为1.275 mL/min时,250℃高温水蒸气的3次实测泄漏量分别为0.11、0.11和0.13 mL/min,300℃高温水蒸气的3次实测泄漏量分别为0.19、0.19和0.22 mL/min,实测泄漏量均小于设定值。文中提出的双阀芯先导笼式结构增强了调节阀的密封力,阀体耐压强度和阀座密封性能均满足使用要求。

基于双速缓冲阀推移系统的压力特性研究

综采工作面液压支架推移系统的定位控制由智能化开采的关键技术支撑,井下高压大流量工况下,现有支架开关换向阀启闭瞬间会引起系统压力流量突变,影响元件寿命以及执行机构运动的精度和平稳性。为此,设计了用于液压支架推移回路的双速缓冲阀结构。首先,展开了对推移系统及双速缓冲阀的理论研究,分析了双速缓冲阀对系统启动、运行过程压力的影响;其次,建立了阀及推移回路的SimulationX模型,仿真分析了关键参数对阀压降以及液压执行系统速度的影响;最后,搭建了模拟实验台,研究了不同供液压力流量下双阀串联推移系统的压力特性。研究结果表明:启用双速缓冲阀后,减小了系统的压力和速度变化幅值,降低了阀前压力波动及其对系统压力的影响;在不同的系统压力、流量下,改善了阀后压力特性,增强了稳态压力抗干扰性;验证了方案的有效性,为井下阀控缸方案及后续阀的优化提供依据。

电液阀故障气动半实物仿真平台设计

针对阀口独立电液阀故障诊断与状态感知功能开发需求,设计搭建了一种基于高速开关阀与低惯量气缸驱动的高频阀芯-电磁铁加载与故障半实物仿真试验平台,并对试验台性能进行了初步测试。该仿真平台通过PWM信号驱动高速开关阀控制双作用气缸活塞杆位移与输出力,调控加载于阀芯比例电磁铁的模拟工况,实现电液阀阀内故障的半实物模拟。试验平台基于ARM平台建立,集成了场效应驱动电路与位移传感器、拉压力传感器与电流传感器等感知元件,可完成对模拟工况下阀芯的动态特征的捕捉。初步试验结果表明,通过设置不同PWM驱动信号可实现阀芯加载力调节、实现阀芯卡滞模拟,验证了平台功能。

裂解气双闸板阀维护要点及问题改进

裂解气大阀运行环境工艺要求苛刻,维护工作是行业关注的重点与难点。文中阐述了裂解气切换阀的工艺特点及切换阀选型使用情况,介绍了裂解气双闸板阀的结构特点及密封原理,分析了裂解气双闸板阀维护要点,列举了维护不当造成故障的案例,并就维护中存在的难题提出了改进措施。