Research on Instability Mechanism and Type of Ore Pillar Based on the Fold Catastrophe Theory

The stability of ore pillar in mine is essential for the safe and efficient mining.Based on the energy evolvement rule in ore pillar and roadway roof system,the roadway roof and ore pillar are treated as energy release body and energy dissipation body,respectively.Therefore,the double-block mechanical model is established with energy dissipation body and energy release body,and the energy mechanism of ore pillar instability is obtained,based on the fold catastrophe mathematical theory.The research result indicates that the dynamic instability of ore pillar is a physical instability problem caused by the strain softening property of ore mass,and the instability type of ore pillar is determined by the stiffness parameter of double-block mechanical system.When the systematical stiffness parameter is greater than or equal to 1,the equilibrium position of double-block mechanical system passes through shaft K-1 or the origin,from branch 1 of unstable equilibrium state to branch 2 of stable equilibrium state by smooth transition,and the ore pillar shows quasi-static fracture.When the systematical stiffness parameter is less than 1,the equilibrium position of double-block system mutates from branch 1 of unstable equilibrium state to branch 2 of stable equilibrium state by jumping transition,and the ore pillar shows dynamic instability.The research result could provide theoretical guidance for the prevention measures of ore pillar instability.

基于界面牛顿力测量的双体灾变力学模型研究

地震和滑坡灾害是人类面临的2种主要地质灾害,严重威胁人类社会的安全。这两类地质灾害的本质是相同的,通常与沿着构造带(面)两侧块体的相对运动有关。然而,常规监测方法主要针对位移、水位等进行监测,这些参数是产生灾变的必要条件,而非充分条件,不能作为灾变预测的主要依据。通过实验室模拟研究,首先发现"牛顿力突降,灾变发生"的实验现象,证明2个块体相对运动的核心问题是构造带(面)上的牛顿力变化;其次,在此基础上建立基于牛顿力变化测量的双体灾变力学模型和数学表达,并提出牛顿力的测量方法;最后,利用自主研发的牛顿力变化远程监测预警系统,通过滑坡现场监测,证实"牛顿力突降,滑坡发生"的科学现象。