Mechanism and control of water seepage of vertical feeding borehole for solid materials in backflling coal mining

To solve the problem of water seepage of vertical feeding borehole for solid materials,we established the fluid-solid coupling dynamic model of groundwater flowing in rock mass adjacent to the vertical feeding borehole.Combining with the engineering geological conditions,we built a numeral model to study the influence rule of the aquifer hydraulic pressure and seepage location of feeding borehole on the amount of seepage with fnite element numerical method.The results show that the nonlinear relationship is presented among the amount of seepage,the seepage location and aquifer hydraulic pressure.The higher the aquifer hydraulic pressure is,the closer the distance between seepage location and aquifer is,and the faster the harmful levels of aquifer will grow.In practice,we calculated the allowable seepage of feeding borehole by the optimum moisture content and natural moisture content of backflling materials,and then determined the protection zone of feeding borehole,so the moisture content of backflling materials can be controlled within the scope of optimum moisture content.

Mathematical modeling and analytical solution for stretching force of automatic feed mechanism

Load of an automatic feed mechanism is composed of the stretching force of feed belt at the entrance to lower flexible guidance and the friction force between feed belt and flexible guidance. A mathematical model for computing the load was presented. An optimization problem was formulated to determine the attitude of the flexible guidance based on the principle that the potential energy stored in the system was the minimum at the equilibrium. Then the friction force was obtained according to the attitude of guide leaves and the moving velocity of the feed belt and the friction factor. Consequently, the load of the automatic feed mechanism can be calculated. Finally, an example was given to compute the load when the horizontal and elevating firing angles of the automation were respectively 45° and 30°. The computing result can be a criterion to determine the designing parameters of automat.

The control of welding wire feed self-adaptive mechanism based on fuzzy PID

The welding wire feed mechanism is an important component of welding equipment, both reliability and stabilization are the premise that the welding quality can be ensured. The PID is currently adapted to control the welding wire feed mechanism, although the fuzzy PID has advantage of fast response and adaptation, the precision of fuzzy PID is lower. Accordingly, the fuzzy self-adaptive PID controller was proposed through changing fuzzy input variables and output variables based on variable universe, simple furwtion is adopted as scaling factor, the fuzzy PID controller parameters are adjusted to improve the precision and adjustment range. Simulation results show that control effects of fuzzy self-adaptive PID adopted by the welding wire feed mechanism have good adaptive ability and robustness based on variable universe, the welding experiments indicate that the welding quality met the requirements actually.

Requirement of Family Enterprises of Feed and Veterinary Drugs for Improving Professional Manager Mechanism and Recommendations

In the development of family enterprises of feed and veterinary drugs in China,there are many problems,such as lack of organic integration of human capital and social human capital.This paper introduced development thread of family enterprises of feed and veterinary drugs in China,analyzed theories and practical development requirement for improving professional manager mechanism,and came up with recommendations including establishing proper employing system,incentive and restraint mechanism,corporate culture,and professional manager market.

Super-strong and Intrinsically Fluorescent Silkworm Silk from Carbon Nanodots Feeding

Fluorescent silk is fundamentally important for the development of future tissue engineering scaffolds.Despite great progress in the preparation of a variety of colored silks,fluorescent silk with enhanced mechanical properties has yet to be explored.In this study,we report on the fabrication of intrinsically super-strong fluorescent silk by feeding Bombyx mori silkworm carbon nanodots(CNDs).The CNDs were incorporated into silk fibroin,hindering the conformation transformation,confining crystallization,and inducing orientation of mesophase.The resultant silk exhibited super-strong mechanical properties with breaking strength of 521.9±82.7 MPa and breaking elongation of 19.2±4.3%,improvements of 55.1%and 53.6%,respectively,in comparison with regular silk.The CNDs-reinforced silk displayed intrinsic blue fluorescence when exposed to 405 nm laser and exhibited no cytotoxic effect on cells,suggesting that multi-functional silks would be potentially useful in bioimaging and other applications.

Blindly inserted nasogastric feeding tubes and thoracic complications in intensive care

Purpose of review: This article reviews the thoracic complications from malpositioned blindly inserted nasogastric feeding tubes in mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care and the methods to check the position and promote safe placement of the feeding tubes. Recent findings: Malpositioned feeding tubes are not included in risk management databases. The reported incidence is 1-3% and more than half occur in mechanically ventilated patients. Eighty three mechanically ventilated patients were reported with malpositioned nasogastric tubes and 66% of them developed serious thoracic complications. Pneumothoraces accounted for 80% of thoracic complications that were evenly distributed between tubes with and without stylet. Repeated misplacements appear to increase the risk. Non-radiological confirmation of the position of the tube has suboptimal performance. Protocols to place feeding tubes and new technology are promising candidates. Summary: Malpositioned nasogastric feeding tubes are underreported and associated with serious thoracic complications in mechanically ventilated patients. We need more data to answer whether we can afford to prevent them.

EPG Comparison of Sitobion avenae (Fab.) Feeding Behavior on Three Wheat Varieties

This article was to study the potential resistance mechanism of three different wheat varieties （Ww2730, Xiaoyan 22 and Batis） in the seedling stage to Sitobion avenae. The aphid feeding behavior was ascertained by stylet penetration activities monitoring using the electrical penetration graph （EPG） technique. When the aphids feed on Ww2730 seedlings, the time for the 1st duration probing was later than that on Xiaoyan 22 and Batis significantly, and the number of interrupted probing before the 1st duration probing was more than that on Xiaoyan 22 and Batis significantly, and the 1st duration probing was shorter than that on Xiaoyan 22 and Batis significantly. The durations of the stylet pierce from the extra- to the intra-cellular （pd Ⅱ-1） on Ww2730 and Xiaoyan 22 were longer than those on Batis significantly. The duration of the potential drop （pd） in C wave on Ww2730 was longer than that on Xiaoyan 22 and Batis significantly. The times and duration of the G wave （ingestion in xylem） on Ww2730 were more and longer than those on Xiaoyan 22 and Batis significantly. The times of spot G wave on Batis was more than that on Ww2730 significantly, but the duration of spot G was shorter than that on Xiaoyan 22 and Ww2730 significantly. The total time of E1 wave, the longest duration of E1 fractions, and the mean duration time of E1 fractions that followed E2 wave on Xiaoyan 22 and Batis were all significantly longer than those on Ww2730. There was no difference of the mean duration of the 1st E1 wave on the 3 varieties, but the mean durations of other E1 wave on Ww2730 and Xiaoyan 22 were shorter than those on Batis significantly. The other wave parameters, including times and durations of F and E2 were all not different on the 3 wheat varieties. It is suggested that the resistance mechanism of wheat variety Ww2730 to S. avenae is a restriction factor of feeding in epidermis, the thicker cell wall in mesophyll, and secondary metabolites or nutrition unbalance in phloem in the seedling phase. The resistance mechanism of Xiaoyan 22 is thicker cell wall and more cell layer in mesophyll in the seedling phase. The feeding strategy of S. avenae against the resistance of Ww2730 was to shorten the second duration of secrete watery salivation to xylem than the first.

融合复制机制和input-feeding方法的中文自动摘要模型

针对中文自动摘要准确率不高的问题,在含有注意力机制的序列到序列(sequence-to-sequence,seq2seq)基础模型的解码器中融合了复制机制和input-feeding方法,提出了准确率更高的中文自动摘要模型。首先,该模型使用指针网络将出现在源序列中的OOV(out-of-vocabulary)词扩展到固定词典,以实现从源序列复制OOV词到生成序列中;其次,input-feeding方法用于跟踪已生成序列的注意力决定信息以提升模型输出准确率。在NLPCC2018数据集上的实验结果表明,与基础模型相比,所提出模型获得了更高的ROUGE得分,验证了该模型的可行性。

Hydrodynamics Analysis of Automatic Feeding and Forming System of Coating Layer

The automatic forming device of the cladding layer of the solid rocket engine is a kind of equipment that can automatically complete the coating process of the coating layer.It is mainly composed of the feeding system,the detection system and the automatic control system.The feeding system plays the role of providing the slurry in the coating process.In order to ensure the uniformity and stability of the feeding device,the automatic forming and feeding system of the coating is studied in this paper.The dynamic analysis of the slurry transportation process in the automatic coating system is carried out.In this paper,the feed cylinder is designed in theory.The feeding mode of the servo electric cylinder is adopted.Through the analysis of the hydrodynamic equations,the mixture model is chosen as the basis for the numerical simulation analysis.We use the SolidWorks software to create the geometric model of the feed cylinder.The dynamic analysis of the feed cylinder is carried out by Fluent software,and the convergent residual diagram and the fluid cloud chart are obtained.Fluent software is used for simulation analysis.The simulation results show that the distribution device has stable flow velocity and uniform slurry flow in the feeding process.The effect of scraping and coating process can be guaranteed by the feeding device,which provides a theoretical basis for actual production.

Research of novel oscillating wire feeding system using the AC servo motor

With the background of the control of additional mechanical force droplet transfer in MIG/MAG welding, regarding the AC servo motor as core, a novel oscillating wire feeding system has been developed with excellent performances of control and dynamic acceleration which is tested. System constitution and operation principle are introduced in this paper. Influences of parameters on dynamic acceleration performance are analyzed and discussed emphatically, such as oscillating frequency, oscillating amplitude and draw-back speed. Experimental result indicates that according to the technique of welding control, the novel wire feeding system responds rapidly to various kinds of control orders of wire feeding and draw-back, and realizes flexible control of welding wire axial movement, including dynamic shifting,oscillating and so on.

The Impact of Rate of Feeding Advancement after Early Initiation of Enteral Nutrition in Critically Ill, Underweight Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective Chart Review

Background: The optimal rate of feeding advancement after initiation of early enteral nutrition (EEN) for underweight, critically ill patients is unknown. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with a body mass index (BMI) < 20.0 kg/m2. Patients were categorized into Group R, which reached the energy target within 3 days of EEN initiation, and Group S, which reached the energy target 4 or more days after EEN initiation. Results: A total of 65 patients with a median age of 73 years were included in the study. No significant differences were observed between the two groups for all-cause mortality, ICU-free days, or length of hospital stay. Ventilator-free days (VFDs) were significantly fewer in Group R than in Group S (18.0 [0.0 - 22.0] vs. 21.0 [16.3 - 24.8] days;P = 0.046). A significantly higher number of patients requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) at hospital discharge were observed in Group R than in Group S (29% vs. 8%;P = 0.030). Multivariable analyses with adjustment for confounders found that days required to reach target energy intake after EEN initiation were significantly and independently associated with the requirement for MV at hospital discharge, but not with VFDs. Conclusion: A slow rate of feeding advancement after initiation of EEN in critically ill patients having a BMI of <20.0 kg/m2 might be associated with a reduced requirement for MV at hospital discharge. These results require confirmation in a large multicenter trial of underweight, critically ill patients.

Biological properties of essential oil emphasized on the feasibility as antibiotic substitute in feedstuff

The discovery and application of antibiotics in animal feeds have boomed the development of intensive animal husbandry in the last century,until the emergence of antibiotics-resistant bacteria.To alleviate the risks aroused by antibiotics-resistant bacteria,effective antibiotic substitutes are urgently needed to replace antibiotics.Essential oils(EOs)derived from plants are illustrated as the promising antibiotic substitutes used in animal feeds,as same as their current views for poultry and livestock industries in the future.It has been widely demonstrated that the phytochemicals in EOs show multiple biofunctionability and are less likely to induce resistance in bacteria.The beneficial effects of EOs feed supplementation on the intestinal inflammation,intestinal flora,immunity,digestion,and growth performances have been already extensively examined.However,the cost-effectiveness,odor,volatility,instability and bioavailability are the challenges in effectively utilizing EOs in animal intestines.Based on previous researches,and these challenges can partially be resolved by microencapsulation and nanotechnology are promising techniques to deal with these challenges.This article presents the feasibility and foundation of EOs application as antibiotic substitutes in animal feeds,and illustrates the mechanisms,functional performances and superiority of EOs compared with antibiotics.

激光旁轴送气结构设计与分析

目的通过了解激光增材技术,设计一种送丝送气一体化机构,并建立相应模型。方法通过对不同送丝送气机构进行对比分析,设计出3种方案,并通过流体模型分析保护气体氩气的流动情况,最终得出最合理的安装位置。第1种方案是采用送丝机构与送气机构对冲的两轴送丝送气设计方案;第2种方案是采用送丝机构与送气机构同路的设计方案;第3种方案是选择两路送气机构与送丝机成夹角对冲的设计方案。结果在第1种方案中,送丝机构与送气机构的对冲会导致气流紊乱,产生气体流动扩散现象,可以明显看到有一个保护气体比较密集的区域。在第2种方案中,当送丝机构与送气机构同路时,在工作过程中有可能出现防氧化效果不够好的情况。在第3种方案中,两路送气机构与送丝机成夹角对冲可以有效控制氩气的流动,提高氩气的利用率,在这里进行丝材的激光熔覆将会起到最大的防氧化保护作用。结论通过对不同送丝送气机构进行对比分析,最终确定三路送气方案的保护效果最佳。

新型管道环切机切割方案设计及进给轨迹规划

刀旋式切管机采用刀具绕固定管道外围旋转的方式进行环形切割,在需要精密切割薄壁管材的场合中得到了广泛的应用,但其进给轨迹常为直线或弧线,存在相对单一、无法实现柔性化切割等问题。为此,提出一种新型管道环切机,其核心部件为冗余驱动环切机构,可以在平面内移动以控制环切进给量,并以半圆管道包络切割为例,基于5-6-5-6-5分段高次多项式曲线进行进给轨迹规划,搭建样机平台进行仿真和实验研究。结果表明:实际轨迹与理论轨迹具有一致性,且切割过程较为柔顺,管道切口质量较好,验证了管道环切机结构设计的合理性和柔顺切割的可行性。

可调倾角编程式多功能取苗试验台设计与试验

针对现有取苗试验台不能满足多种型号钵盘和取苗机构进行取苗试验的需求,设计了一种由多个步进电机驱动、可调取苗机构倾角、可编程控制系统的多功能取苗试验台。该试验台通过调节取苗机构安装支架的位姿、改变钵盘驱动鼠笼钢丝间距以及所在圆周直径,可以适应不同型号钵盘和满足多种取苗机构的试验要求;通过编写控制器程序可控制3个步进电机联动并实现送苗装置的横、纵向送苗与取苗机构取苗进程相匹配。在三维软件中对试验台进行了建模、装配和虚拟仿真,在加工制造的物理样机上进行了2种型号钵盘和3种取苗机构的取苗试验。3次试验结果表明:在此试验台上能够顺利完成取苗试验,证明该试验台满足多种型号钵盘和多种类型取苗机构的试验需求。

重症新型冠状病毒肺炎患者俯卧位喂养不耐受现状分析

目的:探讨重症新型冠状病毒肺炎患者俯卧位机械通气期间喂养不耐受现状,并分析其影响因素。方法:选择2022年10月—2023年3月收治的重症新型冠状病毒肺炎患者50例,通过医院电子病历系统收集患者临床资料,分析患者发生喂养不耐受现状,并采用Logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果:50例患者中喂养不耐受33例(66%)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,白蛋白<35 g/L、未使用胃动力药或益生菌、鼻胃管是患者发生喂养不耐受的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:重症新型冠状病毒肺炎患者俯卧位机械通气期间喂养不耐受发生率较高,在肠内营养支持治疗期间要动态评估,积极纠正低蛋白血症,合理使用胃动力药或益生菌,选择合适的喂养途径,减少喂养不耐受的发生。

新型连杆式双料分装供送机构的设计及应用

为实现双物料缓急有度地输出并分装入容器,提出一种新型连杆式供送机构。由1个能生成对称、自切且带有鲍尔点的特殊连杆曲线的四连杆机构,驱动2个阀门推杆执行带停歇的直线往复运动,以控制2个阀门交替开启和闭合。四连杆机构中曲柄、连杆、摇杆及机架杆的杆长比为1:1.8371:1.8371:2,连接杆与连杆等长,夹角为109.47°。分装过程的仿真结果表明:锥形阀门在开启/闭合阶段,其运动位置对出料区域的控制可使落料量变化平稳;在1个运动周期内完成双物料的分装,提高装料的效率。研究为包装机械中的其他推送装置的设计提供新思路。

粉末饮片自动包装机的研究与设计

目前市场上针对粉末饮片、颗粒等物料包装时,存在难以有效剔除不合格原料、存有破碎的细小残渣和产品结块受潮等现象,严重影响产品的包装质量。团队结合多年实践经验,设计了一种粉末饮片自动包装机,集上料机构、送料机构、送风机构、收集组件及驱动机构等于一体,可有效解决以上痛点问题。具体针对该装置的工作原理和各个组成部分的结构设计进行了介绍。实践证明,该装置在工作时,各个组成部件相互配合,能够有效剔除不合格的原料、避免原料结块受潮,具有结构简单、成本低、效率高等优点。

基于Bootstrap-C_(pu)的机床进给机构装配过程能力评估方法

机床进给机构装配过程是其装配质量形成的过程,由于受5M1E因素影响,进给机构装配过程能力可能不足,会导致进给机构装配质量出现较大波动,甚至出现不合格产品。为此,基于C_(pu)和Bootstrap理论,构建了基于Bootstrap-C_(pu)的进给机构装配过程能力评估方法,并进行了实际应用。结果表明:在95%置信度条件下,该批机床进给机构装配过程能力是足够的,其装配质量波动较小。

丘陵山地桑叶采收机转运装置设计与试验

针对丘陵山地桑叶采收机械缺乏、桑叶采摘收集困难、手工采摘劳动强度大等问题,研制一种丘陵山地桑叶采收机,并着重对转运装置进行设计与试验。首先分析桑叶采收机工作环境与桑叶采收流程,完成转运装置接料机构、导料机构、送袋机构的工作原理分析与结构设计计算。其次根据设计参数制作出桑叶采收机样机,在丘陵山地桑园进行转运装置试验。最后根据试验得到结论:桑叶采收机转运装置拨料器转速为80 r/min,自动脱钩长度尺寸b1=25 mm、宽度尺寸b2=25 mm、深度尺寸b3=15 mm,挂钩厚度h3=8 mm时,接料机构转运过程桑叶平均转运率为95.78%,导料机构桑叶平均入袋率为97.88%,送袋机构掉袋率为1.25%,自动脱袋成功率为98.75%,桑园田间试验表明桑叶采收机转运装置可以满足桑叶采收的功能需求,验证设计的正确性及可行性。