ANALYSIS OF SPECTRAL PHASE ENCODING OCDMA SYSTEM WITH PSEUDORANDOM CODING

Multiple access interference (MAI) is the most serious interference in spectral phase encoding optical code division multiple access (SPE OCDMA) systems. This paper focuses on the behavior of MAI in SPE OCDMA systems with pseudorandom coding. The statistical expectation of multi access interference (MAI) is derived and plotted. The results confirm that MAI can be suppressed effectively by pseudorandom coding with m sequences.

Optimal velocity encoding during measurement of cerebral blood flow volume using phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography

This study investigated the effect of velocity encoding on measurement of brain blood flow and blood volume of inflow and outflow using phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography. A single two-dimensional phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography slice was applied perpendicular to the internal carotid artery and the vertebral artery at C2 level. For each subject, the velocity encoding was set from 30 to 90 cm/s with an interval of 10 cm/s for a total of seven settings. Various velocity encodings greatly affected blood flow volume, maximal blood flow velocity and mean blood flow velocity in the internal carotid artery, but did not significantly affect vertebral arteries and jugular veins. When velocity encoding was 60-80 cm/s, the inflow blood volume was 655 _＋ 118 mL/min, and the outflow volume was 506 _＋ 186 mL/min. The ratio of outflow/inflow was steady at 0.78-0.83, and there was no aliasing in any of the images. These findings suggest that velocity encodings of 60 80 cm/s should be selected during measurement of cerebral blood flow volume using phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography.

THE UNIFICATION OF DIFFERENTIAL ENCODING AND DECODING ALGORITHM FOR VARIOUS SIGNALS

Many monographs point out that differential encoding and decoding is necessary for ef- fectual information transmission against phase ambiguity while seldom discuss the reason why phase ambiguity will emerge inevitably.Available algorithms are specially designed for certain modulation scheme;these algorithms cannot satisfy the requirement of soft-defined radio,which perhaps demands a uniform algorithm for different modulations.This paper proposes a new opinion on phase ambiguity from the view of probability.This opinion believes that modulating symbol sequence can affect,at optimum sampling epoch,the modulated waveform as oscillating carrier has done,and so the stochastic sequence leads to phase ambiguity.Based on a general signal model,this paper also puts forward a novel universal algorithm,which is suitable for different signals,even some new ones,by configuring several parameters.

基于参数化角编码的量子K-means算法

结合K-means算法和角编码技术,提出了一种无需量子随机存储(QRAM)的量子K-means算法。该算法利用量子操作的并行性,仅需对数数量的时间复杂度就能完成数据的加载;并且通过对输入数据进行参数预处理操作,确定数据分量的参数阈值,解决了样本不同特征尺度差异的问题。该算法由编码数据、相似度度量、量子最小值搜索和质心迭代更新四个主要步骤组成,细致描述了这些步骤所涉及的算子和线路构建,并对关键线路进行了仿真模拟。实验结果和经典预测结果一致,验证了所提量子K-means算法的可靠性。此外,理论分析表明所提出算法相比于经典算法在运行时间上有平方级加速。

Experimental quantum secret sharing based on phase encoding of coherent states

Quantum secret sharing(QSS)is one of the basic communication primitives in future quantum networks which addresses part of the basic cryptographic tasks of multiparty communication and computation.Nevertheless,it is a challenge to provide a practical QSS protocol with security against general attacks.A QSS protocol that balances security and practicality is still lacking.Here,we propose a QSS protocol with simple phase encoding of coherent states among three parties.Removing the requirement of impractical entangled resources and the need for phase randomization,our protocol can be implemented with accessible technology.We provide the finite-key analysis against coherent attacks and implement a proof-of-principle experiment to demonstrate our scheme’s feasibility.Our scheme achieves a key rate of 85.3 bps under a 35 d B channel loss.Combined with security against general attacks and accessible technology,our protocol is a promising candidate for practical multiparty quantum communication networks.

基于几何相位的高透射型太赫兹超表面设计

文中提出一种基于几何相位的透射型超表面,通过对超表面单元结构的设计和排布实现了对入射圆极化波的波前任意操控和太赫兹涡旋波的产生。该超表面单元由典型的“三明治”型结构,即金属-介质-金属结构组成,顶层和底层金属图案均是由“C”型和矩形组成。利用几何相位原理,在工作频点下通过旋转金属结构对其相位进行调控,同时交叉极化透射幅度较高(>0.9)。通过对单元结构进行旋转编码,可以形成用于产生异常偏折现象、不同拓扑荷数涡旋光束的编码超表面。仿真结果表明,在0.63 THz处,设计的编码超表面能够对电磁波进行良好的调控,产生折射角为±50.1°和30°的异常折射现象,拓扑荷数l=±1两种模态的涡旋波束,在激光雷达和太赫兹大容量通信等领域具有潜在的应用价值。

相位编码波形在航天器黑障段应用研究

针对雷达常规线性调频(LFM)信号对强鞘套环境下再入航天器跟踪性能较差的问题,研究了相位编码波形对再入航天器的跟踪测量方法。相较LFM信号,相位编码信号的模糊函数为图钉状,距离和多普勒分辨率高,不存在距离-多普勒耦合效应。利用鞘套与目标本体空间位置相同而速度不同的特点,当鞘套信号较弱、本体信号较强时,可以在目标本体多普勒滤波器中检测到目标,实现目标在空间和多普勒域的精确定位;当鞘套信号强于本体目标信号甚至淹没本体信号时,可以在鞘套的多普勒滤波器中选择信号较强的通道,借助鞘套实现目标本体的精确定位,从而完成对目标的跟踪测量。相位编码信号可为常规LFM信号探测等离子鞘套目标提供有力补充,改善对高速再入航天器的跟踪测量效果。

基于力传感器的刚性转子动平衡实验方法

针对刚性转子动平衡问题,提出了一种基于拉压力传感器的综合实验平衡方法。首先,基于动平衡原理,构建了转子不平衡等效模型,求解了理论不平衡量,确保了实验的严谨性和合理性;然后,进行了结构设计、仪器与设备选择,搭建了转子动平衡实验平台以保障测试数据的稳定性和可重复性;最后,利用该平台,采集了力学性能数据,分析了轴系不平衡量的幅值和相位,采用了添加平衡质量的方式进行了转子动平衡实验,对基于拉压力传感器的综合实验平衡方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。研究结果表明:平衡前左右两端不平衡质量幅值分别为2.2 kg、-3.8 kg,平衡后左右两端不平衡质量幅值分别为1.2 kg、-1.4 kg,转子系统不平衡量减小1.4 kg,平衡率为87.5%,这说明拉压力传感器和编码器相互配合以消除不平衡量的方法具有可行性。该实验平台使用拉压力传感器和编码器精确测量不平衡质量和相位,为解决旋转机械动平衡问题提供了新思路,有助于提高旋转机械的运行效率,并延长其使用寿命。

Deep-learning-based ciphertext-only attack on optical double random phase encryption

Optical cryptanalysis is essential to the further investigation of more secure optical cryptosystems.Learning-based at-tack of optical encryption eliminates the need for the retrieval of random phase keys of optical encryption systems but it is limited for practical applications since it requires a large set of plaintext-ciphertext pairs for the cryptosystem to be at-tacked.Here,we propose a two-step deep learning strategy for ciphertext-only attack(COA)on the classical double ran-dom phase encryption(DRPE).Specifically,we construct a virtual DRPE system to gather the training data.Besides,we divide the inverse problem in COA into two more specific inverse problems and employ two deep neural networks(DNNs)to respectively learn the removal of speckle noise in the autocorrelation domain and the de-correlation operation to retrieve the plaintext image.With these two trained DNNs at hand,we show that the plaintext can be predicted in real-time from an unknown ciphertext alone.The proposed learning-based COA method dispenses with not only the retrieval of random phase keys but also the invasive data acquisition of plaintext-ciphertext pairs in the DPRE system.Numerical simulations and optical experiments demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed learning-based COA method.

基于BPNN的发动机停机相位预测研究

为避免柴油发动机启动阶段因建立喷油时序而在寻找信号特征齿上花费过多时间,基于反向传播神经网络(BPNN)建立了发动机停机相位预测模型。以某双缸柴油机停油时转速和负荷为输入,单片机和增量式编码器为核心计算的原有曲轴位置传感器“失信点”后的相对相位变化为输出,建立了BPNN停机相位预测模型。预测结果表明:模型决定系数和修正决定系数均大于0.91,平均相对误差为5.9%,模型对于发动机停机过程中不可信点至静止期间转过的相对角度具有预测性,可作为发动机再启动阶段相位快速同步和判缸的首选方式。

Information Encryption Based on Using Arbitrary Two-Step Phase-Shift Interferometry

A deterministic phase-encoded encryption system is proposed. A lenticular lens array (LLA) sheet with a particular LPI (lenticular per inch) number is chosen as a modulator (key) instead of the random phase molator. The suggested encryption scheme is based on arbitrary two-step phase-shift interferometry (PSI), using an unknown phase step. The encryption and decryption principle is based on an LLA in arbitrary unknown two-step PSI. Right key holograms can be used to theoretically show that the object wavefront is the only one left in the hologram plane and that all accompanying undesired terms are eliminated. The encrypted image can therefore be numerically and successfully decrypted with the right key in the image plane. The number of degrees of freedom of the encryption scheme increases with the distance from the object and the LLA to the CCD, and also with the unknown phase-step and the LLA LPI number. Computer simulations are performed to verify the encryption and decryption principles without a key, with the wrong key and with the right key. Optical experiments are also performed to validate them.

Cerebral blood flow volume measurements of the carotid artery and ipsilateral branches using two-dimensional phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography

The optimal velocity encoding of phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography （PC MRA） in measuring cerebral blood flow volume （BFV） ranges from 60 to 80 cm/s. To verify the accuracy of two-dimensional （2D） PC MRA, the present study localized the region of interest at blood vessels of the neck using PC MRA based on three-dimensional time-of-flight sequences, and the velocity encoding was set to 80 cm/s. Results of the measurements showed that the error rate was 7.0±6.0% in the estimation of BFV in the internal carotid artery, the external carotid artery and the ipsilateral common carotid artery. There was no significant difference, and a significant correlation in BFV between internal carotid artery ＋ external carotid artery and ipsilateral common carotid artery. In addition, the BFV of the common carotid artery was correlated with that of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery. The main error was attributed to the external carotid artery and its branches. Therefore, after selecting the appropriate scanning parameters and protocols, 2D PC MRA is more accurate in the determination of BFV in the carotid arteries.

基于级联双通道分阶段融合的双模态情感识别

为充分提取文本和语音双模态深层情感特征,解决模态间有效交互融合的问题,提高情感识别准确率,提出了基于级联双通道分阶段融合(cascade two channel and phased fusion,CTC-PF)的双模态情感识别模型。设计级联顺序注意力编码器(cascaded sequential attention-Encoder,CSA-Encoder)对长距离语音情感序列信息进行并行化计算,提取深层语音情感特征;提出情感领域级联编码器(affective field cascade-Encoder,AFC-Encoder),提高模型的全局和局部文本理解能力,解决文本关键情感特征稀疏的问题。两个级联通道完成语音和文本信息的特征提取之后,利用协同注意力机制对两者的重要情感特征进行交互融合,降低对齐操作成本,然后采用哈达玛点积对其进行二次融合,捕获差异性特征,分阶段融合实现不同时间步长模态序列间的信息交互,解决双模态情感信息交互不足的问题。模型在IEMOCAP数据集上进行分类实验,结果表明,情感识别准确率可达79.4%,F1值可达79.0%,相比现有主流方法有明显提升,证明了该模型在语音和文本融合情感识别上的优越性。

具有同步带伺服传动系统的振动误差控制策略

针对数控机床变频主轴同步带结构存在振动误差和非线性干扰问题,提出一种模态滤波器与改进补偿跟踪控制器的综合控制策略。通过辨识机床主轴同步带传动模态的基础上,建立了机械系统的动力学模型和伺服控制模型,针对机械传动环节低频和高频模态对伺服控制带宽的影响,通过零极点对消原理设计相应的模态滤波器将传动系统引入的低阶模态进行抑制,根据系统的传递函数和极点分布设计相应的相位跟踪控制器并添加前馈补偿进行改进,改善伺服传动系统的响应速度。结果表明,由同步带自身模态特性引起的低阶模态是影响控制系统带宽的主要因素,通过设计的模态滤波器可以将伺服带宽由12 Hz提高到110 Hz,并且设计的综合控制策略与其他控制策略相比,可以将跟踪误差大幅度降低。

基于旋转编码器信号的滚动轴承故障特征增强提取

针对滚动轴承故障特征较弱且振动传感器安装受限的场合下故障特征不易提取的问题。结合旋转编码器信号传递路径短、干扰少等优势,提出一种基于旋转编码器瞬时角速度(instantaneous angular speed,IAS)信号的滚动轴承故障特征增强提取法。首先,使用去相位算法(de-phasing algorithm,DPA)抑制转频及其谐波等严格周期性分量;其次,通过多点优化最小熵反褶积(multi-point optimization minimum entropy deconvolution adjusted,MOMEDA)增强滚动轴承故障冲击分量;最后,对增强后的信号进行频谱分析,提取轴承故障冲击特征。通过仿真和轴承外圈实测数据验证所提方法的有效性。

相位编码多次波逆时偏移成像

随着勘探地质体复杂度日益增大,反射波成像面临诸多挑战,作为有潜力提升成像精度的重要补充或替代手段的多次波成像愈发受到重视.然而,串扰噪声的产生阻碍了多次波成像的实际应用.近年来,作为压制串扰噪声的有效技术之一,可控阶多次波成像取得了较大研究进展,但因其需重复计算各阶多次波成像结果,计算成本昂贵.为此,本文引入随机相位编码技术,并与多次波分阶思想结合,提出相位编码多次波逆时偏移方法:首先,对各阶多次波进行随机相位编码(含随机时间延迟与极性反转);其次,叠加编码后的各阶多次波,产生多次波超道集;最后,以编码后0至(N-1)阶多次波组成的超道集为虚拟震源进行正向延拓,同时反传编码后1至N阶多次波所组成的超道集,并进行互相关,得到各阶多次波联合成像结果.本文所提方法能够同步使用各阶多次波,实现各阶多次波联合成像,避免各阶多次波单独进行成像,从而成倍提升计算效率.本文用两套模拟数据与一套实际数据算例对所提方法进行了测试,成像结果验证了该方法的可行性、有效性与应用前景.

面向高轨目标监视的脉内步进频-循环相位编码信号及其模糊函数分析

该文针对高轨空间目标监视问题,研究分布式相参雷达体制的波形设计问题,其核心目标是需要在确保波形良好正交性的前提下兼顾信号的大时宽带宽。该文提出一种引入循环码概念的脉内步进频与相位编码复合调制的波形,首先给出了脉内步进频-相位编码信号的时域表达式,然后推导出其模糊函数和自相关主峰幅度,其次引入循环码概念与设计,最后将脉内步进频-循环相位编码信号与其他信号进行了对比。仿真结果表明,与单调制信号和脉间调制信号相比,脉内步进频-循环相位编码信号具有更好的正交性,同时保证了信号的大带宽,为后续全相参雷达波形设计研究工作提供了较好的理论支撑。

基于半监督深度学习的雷达收发组件故障诊断

新一代相控阵雷达针对T/R组件部署了大量传感器,为数据驱动的组件故障诊断提供了良好基础。然而,实际监测数据大多没有表征其故障模式的标签。结合深度置信网络(deep belief network,DBN)在特征自学习方面的优势和自编码器(auto-encoder,AE)重构输入数据的能力,提出一种基于DBN-AE半监督学习模型的故障特征提取及智能诊断方法,并应用烟花算法优化模型结构。该方法利用原始无标签状态数据训练DBN-AE模型,提取深层特征,再通过有监督再训练建立深层特征与故障模式之间的关系模型。所提方法在某型相控阵雷达T/R模块上得到了实验验证,有效提升了故障识别准确率和智能水准。

基于自适应神经网络的磁编码器角度误差补偿算法

针对磁编码器中各类误差导致的解码精度低的问题,在神经网络原理的基础上提出单层自适应神经网络对正余弦信号中存在的幅值不相等、相位不正交、直流偏置、谐波与噪声等误差进行补偿。采用锁相环算法对补偿后的正余弦信号进行解码。电路中采用TLE5501磁阻芯片检测角度变化,利用TL082C运放芯片对信号进行调理,最后采用STM32G431单片机验证算法的性能。通过仿真与试验验证,证明了该算法的有效性与可行性。

具有误差抑制功能的磁编码器解码算法研究

磁编码器作为一种广泛使用的电机转子位置测量装置,其测量精度对整个控制系统的性能有着重要影响。为了提高转子位置测量精度,采用双二阶广义积分器-锁相环(DSOGI-PLL)解码算法提取磁编码器输出信号的正序分量,抑制磁编码器输出信号中存在的幅值误差和相位误差。针对传统二阶广义积分器(SOGI)无法抑制直流偏置误差的缺陷,提出改进型二阶广义积分器(ISOGI)以消除直流偏置误差,提高磁编码器解码精度。仿真和试验结果验证了所提方法的有效性。