Research of 6-DOF Serial-Parallel Mechanism Platform for Stability Training of Legged-Walking Robot

The concept of legged-robot stability training with a training platform is proposed and a serial-parallel mechanism platform with 6 degrees of freedom is designed for this target. The designed platform is composed of 4-DOF parallel mechanism with spherical joints and prismatic pairs,and 2-DOF serial mechanism with prismatic pairs. With this design,the platform has advantages of low platform countertop,big workspace,high carrying capacity and high stiffness. On the basis of DOF analysis and computation of space mechanism,weight supporting auxiliary mechanism and raceways-balls supporting mechanism are designed,so as to improve the stiffness of designed large platform and payload capacity of servo motors. And then the whole structure design work of the platform is done. Meanwhile,this paper derives the analytical solutions of forward kinematics, inverse kinematics and inverse dynamics. The error analysis model of position and orientation is established. And then the simulation is done in ADAMS to ensure the correctness and feasibility of this design.

Study on Talent Training Mechanisms of Marine Cultural Industry in China

In the 21 stcentury,countries in the world scramble to develop marine industry,and the sea is key to the improvement of core competence of a country. With the development of marine science and technology and marine industry,the construction of marine culture has been paid more attention to gradually at present. In China which has rich marine resources and long marine history and culture,marine cultural industry has been started late,but it has a vast development prospect. Along with the rapid development of marine cultural industry,shortage of talent in the industry has become increasingly serious and has become one of key factors limiting the development of the industry. In this study,based on the introduction of related concepts,problems of talent training in China's marine cultural industry were analyzed,and talent training mechanisms of marine cultural industry were proposed.

Study on Talent Training Mechanisms of Marine Cultural Industry Based on Collaborative Innovation of Governments,Enterprises,Colleges,Scientific Institutions and Users

Based on the review of related concepts,the current situation and problems of talent training in marine cultural industry in China were analyzed,and talent training mechanisms of marine cultural industry based on collaborative innovation of governments,enterprises,colleges,scientific institutions and users were proposed to promote the transformation,upgrading and vigorous development of marine cultural industry,accelerate the spread of marine culture with Chinese characteristics,and build China into a maritime power.

Research on the Construction of the Management Mechanism for Forestry Cadres' Education and Training

For the basic condition that the quality and efficiency of forestry cadres' education and training in China are not high at present, this paper first analyzes the necessity of constructing the management mechanism for forestry cadres' education and training from two aspects: improve the quality of forestry cadres' education and training and the inherent needs of forestry development, and also summarizes the existing problems in the management of forestry cadres' education and training in China at present, and finally, this paper puts forward the corresponding solutions from four aspects: strengthen macro planning, strengthen the construction of the quality supervision mechanism, reform the incentive system and safeguard the mechanism.

Construction of Early Warning Mechanism of Tourism Talent Training

The demand of tourism industry is the foothold and starting point of tourism talent training.How to adapt to the economic and social demand for tourism talent in the new era has become an important issue of The Times for tourism higher education talent training.By sorting out the research dynamics of talent training and industrial demand integration,the early warning mechanism of tourism talent training and industry demand is studied from the perspective of talent and industry integration.The early warning index system of tourism talent training and industrial demand is constructed using AHP method,and the problems existing in tourism talent training are found through real-time data observation and warning situation handling,thus providing decision-making support for the development of tourism management major in colleges and universities.

Research on Training Mode and Mechanism of Economic Management Talents of ＂Innovation-Entrepreneurship Type＂

Innovation is an inexhaustible motive force for the prosperity of a country. Only make full use of creative thinking, can society have a substantial development. Cultivating innovative and entrepreneurial talents for the society is an inescapable mission of colleges and universities. Entrepreneurship and innovation are conducive to China’s enterprises in many aspects of structural optimization. Talents with certain innovation ability can meet the requirements of social development. The colleges and universities are important bases for cultivating innovative talents which take it as a strategic task to cultivate innovation-entrepreneurship type talents. Nevertheless, most of the colleges and universities do not pay attention to innovation and entrepreneurship education and the teaching institutions should actively reform, and make full use of advanced information technology and train innovative talents. In this paper, we discuss the importance of training mode and mechanism of economic management talents with innovation-entrepreneurship type, and we put forward the direction of innovation and entrepreneurship education, at the same time, an innovative management mechanism should be established.

Research on the Tourism talents training mechanism of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone

In order to promote the tourism development of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone, to attract more customers, to build an effective personnel training mechanism, training professionals is very necessary. The advantages of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone tourism development are introduced in this paper, and pointed out that the tourism talent training needs analysis of talent training status and improvement measures are proposed, including the integration of the region education resources, pay attention to the skilled personnel training, improve the teaching curriculum setting, improve the quality of Teachers, strengthen the construction of training base.

Responsibilities and Working Mechanism of National Human Rights Education and Training Bases

On July 22, 2014, the second group of national human rights education and train- ing bases was announced,increasing the number of national bases from the previous three to a total of eight, which reflects the advancement of human rights education and ~aining in China and has far-reaching significance.

Interactive Training Model of TRIZ for Mechanical Engineers in China

Abstract： Innovation is a process of taking an original idea and converting it into a business value, in which the engineers face some inventive problems which can be solved hardly by experience. TRIZ, as a new theory for companies in China, provides both conceptual and procedural knowledge for finding and solving inventive problems. Because the government plays a leading role in the diffusion of TRIZ, too many companies from different industries are waiting to be trained, but the quantity of the trainers mastering TRIZ is incompatible with that requirement. In this context, to improve the training effect, an interactive training model of TRIZ for the mechanical engineers in China is developed and the implementation in the form of training classes is carried out. The training process is divided into 6 phases as follows： selecting engineers, training stage-l, finding problems, training stage-2, finding solutions and summing up. The government, TRIZ institutions and companies to join the programs interact during the process. The government initiates and monitors a project in form of a training class of TRIZ and selects companies to join the programs. Each selected companies choose a few engineers to join the class and supervises the training result. The TRIZ institutions design the training courses and carry out training curriculum. With the beginning of the class, an effective communication channel is established by means of interview, discussion face to face, E-mail, QQ and so on. After two years training practices, the results show that innovative abilities of the engineers to join and pass the final examinations increased distinctly, and most of companies joined the training class have taken congnizance of the power of TRIZ for product innovation. This research proposes an interactive training model of TRIZ for mechanical engineers in China to expedite the knowledge diffusion of TRIZ.

Design of Vegetable Pot Seedling Pick‑up Mechanism with Planetary Gear Train

It has been challenging to design seedling pick-up mechanism based on given key points and trajectories,because it involves dimensional synthesis and rod length optimization.In this paper,the dimensional synthesis of seedling pickup mechanism with planetary gear train was studied based on the data of given key points and the trajectory of the endpoint of seedling pick-up mechanism.Given the positions and orientations requirements of the five key points,the study first conducted a dimensional synthesis of the linkage size and center of rotation.The next steps were to select a reasonable solution and optimize the data values based on the ideal seedling trajectory.The link motion was driven by the planetary gear train of the two-stage gear.Four pitch curves of noncircular gears were obtained by calculating and distributing the transmission ratio according to the data.For the pitch curve with two convex points,the tooth profile design method of incomplete noncircular gear was applied.The seedling pick-up mechanism was tested by a virtual prototype and a physical prototype designed with the obtained parameter values.The results were consistent with the theoretical design requirements,confirming that the mechanism meets the expected requirements for picking seedlings up.This paper presents a new design method of vegetable pot seedling pick-up mechanism for an automatic vegetable transplanter.

Stabilizing Mechanism and Running Behavior of Couplers on Heavy Haul Trains

Published studies in regard to coupler systems have been mainly focused on the manufacturing process or coupler strength issues. With the ever increasing of tonnage and length of heavy haul trains, lateral in-train forces generated by longitudinal in-train forces and coupler rotations have become a more and more significant safety issue for heavy haul train operations. Derailments caused by excessive lateral in-train forces are frequently reported. This article studies two typical coupler systems used on heavy haul locomotives. Their structures and stabilizing mechanism are analyzed before the corresponding models are developed. Coupler systems models are featured by two distinct stabilizing mechanism models and draft gear models with hysteresis considered. A model set which consists of four locomotives and three coupler systems is developed to study the rotational behavior of different coupler systems and their implications for locomotive dynamics. Simulated results indicate that when the locomotives are equipped with the type B coupler system, locomotives can meet the dynamics standard on tangent tracks; while the dynamics performance on curved tracks is very poor. The maximum longitudinal in-train force for locomotives equipped with the type B coupler system is 2000 kN. Simulations revealed a distinct trend for the type A coupler system. Locomotive dynamics are poorer for the type A case when locomotives are running on tangent tracks, while the dynamics are better for the type A case when locomotives are running on curved tracks. Theoretical studies and simulations carried out in this article suggest that a combination of the two types of stabilizing mechanism can result in a good design which can significantly decrease the relevant derailments.

Evaluation of progressive early rehabilitation training mode in intensive care unit patients with mechanical ventilation

BACKGROUND Mechanical ventilation is a common resuscitation method in the intensive care unit(ICU).Unfortunately,this treatment process prolongs the ICU stay of patients with an increased incidence of delirium,which ultimately affects the prognosis.AIM To evaluate the effect of progressive early rehabilitation training on treatment and prognosis of patients with mechanical ventilation in ICU.METHODS The convenience sampling method selected 190 patients with mechanical ventilation admitted to the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from March 2020 to March 2021.According to the random number table method,they were divided into the control and intervention groups.The control group received routine nursing and rehabilitation measures,whereas the intervention group received progressive early rehabilitation training.In addition,the incidence and duration of delirium were compared for the two groups along with mechanical ventilation time,ICU hospitalization time,functional independence measure(FIM)score,Barthel index,and the incidence of complications(deep venous thrombosis,pressure sores,and acquired muscle weakness).RESULTS In the intervention group,the incidence of delirium was significantly lower than in the control group(28%vs 52%,P<0.001).In the intervention group,the duration of delirium,mechanical ventilation time,and ICU stay were shorter than in the control group(P<0.001).The FIM and Barthel index scores were significantly higher in the intervention group than the control group(P<0.001).The total incidence of complications in the intervention group was 3.15%,which was lower than 17.89%in the control group(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Progressive early rehabilitation training reduced the incidence of delirium and complications in ICU patients with mechanical ventilation,which improved prognosis and quality of life.

Design and Experiment of Non-circular Combined Gear Train Beating-up Mechanism

The most important performance of a beating-up mechanism is that the dwelling time of the sley must ensure the completion of the weft insertion. To meet this requirement, a new non-circular combined gear train beating-up mechanism which is composed of two-stage planetary gear trains is proposed. The first-stage is a Fourier planetary gear train and the second-stage is a non-circular planetary gear train. For designing of this new mechanism, the ideal kinematic equations of the sley are constructed first. Then the kinematic model of the first-stage Fourier planetary gear train is established and the reverse solution for the pitch curves of the second-stage non-circular gears is deduced. With a computer-aided design program, the influences of several important parameters on the pitch curves of the second-stage non-circular gears are analyzed, and a set of preferable structural parameters are obtained. Finally, a test bed of this mechanism is developed and the experimental results show that this new beating-up mechanism can achieve the designed dwelling time, namely it can meet the requirements of beating-up process.

Mathematical Named Entity Recognition Based on Adversarial Training and Self-Attention

Mathematical named entity recognition(MNER)is one of the fundamental tasks in the analysis of mathematical texts.To solve the existing problems of the current neural network that has local instability,fuzzy entity boundary,and long-distance dependence between entities in Chinese mathematical entity recognition task,we propose a series of optimization processing methods and constructed an Adversarial Training and Bidirectional long shortterm memory-Selfattention Conditional random field(AT-BSAC)model.In our model,the mathematical text was vectorized by the word embedding technique,and small perturbations were added to the word vector to generate adversarial samples,while local features were extracted by Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory(BiLSTM).The self-attentive mechanism was incorporated to extract more dependent features between entities.The experimental results demonstrated that the AT-BSAC model achieved a precision(P)of 93.88%,a recall(R)of 93.84%,and an F1-score of 93.74%,respectively,which is 8.73%higher than the F1-score of the previous Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory Conditional Random Field(BiLSTM-CRF)model.The effectiveness of the proposed model in mathematical named entity recognition.

Effects of Sedentarism and Treadmill Training in Mechanical Properties of Muscles of Ovariectomized Rats with High-Fat Diet

The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of physical training in the maintenance of muscle strength in rats with HFD （high-fat diet） after OVX （ovariectomy）. Eighty Wistar rats are at eight weeks of age and weight 200 g which divided into 8 groups （n = 10） and treated for 12 weeks： GA： OVX ＋ ND （normal diet）, GB： OVX ＋ ND ＋ training, GC： sham ＋ ND, GD： sham ＋ ND ＋ training, GE： OVX ＋ HFD, GF： OVX ＋ HFD ＋ training, GG： sham ＋ HFD and GH： sham ＋ HFD ＋ training. HFD consists of standard ration for rats with addition of 30% lipids. In training groups, physical training five training/week was conducted on a treadmill with adaptation period of three weeks up to 18 m/s for one hour, training were performed for 12 weeks. The sedentary animals remained in individual box. To analyze the effects of training and diet, tensile strength tests of the gastrocnemius muscles were conducted： the speed of 0.1 mm/min. Analysis of variance was performed to compare groups. The mean （SD） obtained for the maximum load （N） were： GA 57.77 （6.89）, GB 62.74 （5.07）, GC 49.45 （6.06）, GD 59.42 （5.26） and GE 55.58 （4.72）, GF 62.50 （4.56）, GG 58.35 （4.54） and GH 56.67 （5.87）, respectively. There were no differences for maximum load between surgeries （p = 0.004） and between treatments （p = 0.000）. Differences were found also for the relationship surgery diet treatment （p = 0.007）. For the variable stiffness （N/mm）, there were not statistically significant differences： GA 5.03 （0.72）, GB 5.08 （1.09）, GC 5.17 （0.53）, GD 5.35 （0.80）, GE 5.52 （1.20）, GF 5.36 （1.07）, GG 4.83 （1.03） and GH 5.40 （0.73）. For the toughness （N/mm）, there were differences between treatments （p = 0.010） and the ratio diet treatment （p = 0.024）： GA 455.00 （107.21）, GB 541.96 （126.80）, GC 394.97 （84.67）, GD 566.90 （157.07）; GE 424.63 （113.03）, GF 478.07 （106.03）; GG 517.44 （98.65） and GH 481.26 （129.45）. OVX causes decrease in muscle maximum load; exercise treadmill provides increased muscular endurance, regardless of the diet and the OVX in groups, the increased resistance observed in the groups submitted to HFD can result in weight gain associated with the presence estrogen.

基于Self-training和Web的术语翻译系统

现有基于模式的术语翻译系统存在2个主要缺点,即学习过程依赖人工标定语料和缺乏对模式的评分以及对候选术语的评分太简单。该文将self-training学习机制引入术语翻译系统,在一对训练语料上完成初始学习,在实际运行中自动选择可靠程度较高的术语重新训练,以改进系统性能。该系统中增加了对模式的评分,利用启发规则,扩充了候选术语的评分方法。实验结果表明,改进后系统的性能高于原有系统。

Adaptive Robust Control for a Lower Limbs Rehabilitation Robot Running Under Passive Training Mode

This paper focuses on the problem of the adaptive robust control of a lower limbs rehabilitation robot(LLRR) that is a nonlinear system running under passive training mode. In reality, uncertainties including modeling error, initial condition deviation, friction force and other unknown external disturbances always exist in a LLRR system. So, it is necessary to consider the uncertainties in the unilateral man-machine dynamical model of the LLRR we described. In the dynamical model, uncertainties are(possibly fast) time-varying and bounded. However, the bounds are unknown. Based on the dynamical model, we design an adaptive robust control with an adaptive law that is leakagetype based and on the framework of Udwadia-Kalaba theory to compensate for the uncertainties and to realize tracking control of the LLRR. Furthermore, the effectiveness of designed control is shown with numerical simulations.

Mechanical characteristic variation of ballastless track in highspeed railway:effect of train–track interaction and environment loads

Due to the fact that ballastless tracks in highspeed railways are not only subjected to repeated train–track dynamic interaction loads,but also suffer from complex environmental loads,the fundamental understanding of mechanical performance of ballastless tracks under sophisticated service conditions is an increasingly demanding and challenging issue in high-speed railway networks.This work aims to reveal the effect of train–track interaction and environment loads on the mechanical characteristic variation of ballastless tracks in high-speed railways,particularly focusing on the typical interface damage evolution between track layers.To this end,a finite element model of a double-block ballastless track involving the cohesive zone model for the track interface is first established to analyze the mechanical properties of the track interface under the loading–unloading processes of the negative temperature gradient load(TGL)followed by the same cycle of the positive TGL.Subsequently,the effect of wheel–rail longitudinal interactions on the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the track interface is investigated by using a vehicle-slab track vertical-longitudinal coupled dynamics model.Finally,the influence of dynamic water pressure induced by vehicle dynamic load on the mechanical characteristics and damage evolution of the track interface is elucidated using a fluid–solid coupling method.Results show that the loading history of the positive and negative TGLs has a great impact on the nonlinear development and distribution of the track interface stress and damage;the interface damage could be induced by the wheel–rail longitudinal vibrations at a high vehicle running speed owing to the dynamic amplification effect caused by short wave irregularities;the vehicle dynamic load could produce considerable water pressure that presents nonlinear spatial–temporal characteristics at the track interface,which would lead to the interface failure under a certain condition due to the coupled dynamic effect of vehicle load and water pressure.

Design of a DSLM-based cerebral palsy action rehabilitation training system

Based on domain specified language mechanism(DSLM),the architecture of the robotic training system for the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy(CP)is designed.Application of human-computer interaction(HCI)motion recognition technology is combined with Kinect to improve the effect of cerebral palsy rehabilitation training.In this system,Kinect's bone recognition method is used to judge the patient's training movements,and the collected bone movement information is judged.The human-computer interaction function is based on the Microsoft foundation classes function of Visual Studio based on DSLM development,which can realize real-time interactive training and evaluation of people and actions,and record the training information of patients.The system combines the designed small game to train the upper limb movement ability and reaction ability of the cerebral palsy patient,and provides key technology for improving the cerebral palsy rehabilitation training system.

Decoding the Moon Phase Display Device over the Front Dial of the Antikythera Mechanism

The Antikythera mechanism is the most famous ancient astronomical calculator. The damaged excavation is a critical constraint for decoding the mechanism completely. By the systematic reconstruction design methodology, all feasible designs of the moon phase display device, which is one of the unclear mechanisms of the Antikythera mechanism, are reconstructed. These designs, including ordinary gear trains and epicyclic gear trains, are the simplest designs and satisfy the surviving evidence. The Antikythera mechanism and its reconstruction designs presented by LIN and YAN are introduced first. Three pointer types of the Antikythera mechanism are concluded based on their display motions and the orientation of the mechanism. In accordance with the analysis of the available interior reconstruction designs and the surviving evidence, four feasible designs of the moon phase display device are generated. All of them utilize the ball pointer with black and white that rotates around the radial axis to show cyclic moon phase. Two of these four feasible reconstruction designs are driven by one input source, and their bronze disks are fixed and rotatable respectively. Both of the remaining reconstruction designs are driven by two input sources, and their bronze disks are rotatable. Therefore, the four reconstruction designs of the moon phase display device reveal all possible display conditions of the moon phase pointers and the possible purposes of the bronze disk.