A kinematically admissible velocity field which is different from Avitzur's is established in Cartesian Coordinates. An upper-bound analytical solution to strip drawing andextrusion is obtained by using the integr...A kinematically admissible velocity field which is different from Avitzur's is established in Cartesian Coordinates. An upper-bound analytical solution to strip drawing andextrusion is obtained by using the integral as a function of the upper limit in this paper.展开更多
Forward osmosis(FO), as one of the emerging desalination technologies, has the potential to produce fresh water from a variety of water sources by utilizing the osmotic pressure gradient across a semi-permeable membra...Forward osmosis(FO), as one of the emerging desalination technologies, has the potential to produce fresh water from a variety of water sources by utilizing the osmotic pressure gradient across a semi-permeable membrane.Draw solution, as an essential component of any FO process, can extract water molecules from seawater or wastewater. An ideal draw solution should meet three essential requirements, namely high osmotic pressure, low reverse flux, and facile regeneration mechanism. The selection of proper draw solutes is especially critical for an energy-efficient FO process since the energy consumption mostly arises from the separation or regeneration of the draw solution. Recently, we developed a few multi-functional FO draw solutes, mainly aiming to enhance the FO water flux and to explore facile re-concentration methods. This review summarizes these draw solutes,including Na^+_- functionalized carbon quantum dots, thermoresponsive copolymers, hydrophilic magnetic nanoparticles, and thermoresponsive magnetic nanoparticles.展开更多
As the dump was a typically heterogeneous body, the seepage was different with varied spreading solution modes. The phenomenon of lamination that occured in the site was simulated using three layers in an indoor exper...As the dump was a typically heterogeneous body, the seepage was different with varied spreading solution modes. The phenomenon of lamination that occured in the site was simulated using three layers in an indoor experiment, and the seepage effect comparison experiment of the inside spreading solution model and the top spreading solution model have been carried out. In the inside spreading solution mode, the phreatic planar flew without infiltration and the parallel layer motion model was used to calculate the seepage coefficient and equivalent seepage coefficient of each state respectively. In the top spreading solution model, the phreatic planar flew with an even infiltration on the surface, and the vertical layer motion model was adopted to calculate the above coefficient. The results showed that the seepage coefficient of the inside model was larger than the top model in the heterogeneous body, The ratio of them was between 1.42 and 3.07. On the basis of these results, the following new technologies were discussed： installing a few small diameter mechanical pore sand piles with every lamination in the using dump; drilling some holes one-off in the unused dump. These two methods could changed the top spreading solution into the inside model, thus the seepage in the dump was improved.展开更多
Novel magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs),Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2) and Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2)@PEG-(COOH)_(2),were prepared by loading different amounts of SiO_(2) or/and PEG-(COOH)_(2) onto Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles,and their feasib...Novel magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs),Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2) and Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2)@PEG-(COOH)_(2),were prepared by loading different amounts of SiO_(2) or/and PEG-(COOH)_(2) onto Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles,and their feasibility to be used as forward osmosis(FO)draw solutes was investigated.The characterization of the materials showed that,compared to normal Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles,the modified MNPs exhibited enhanced dispersity and high osmotic pressure in aqueous solution.The FO experiment indicated that the synthesized draw solutes could obtain a water flux as high as 10 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1) with an aquaporin FO membrane.The optimal concentration of the added tetraethyl orthosilicate was 30%during the synthesis.The novel MNPs could be easily recovered from draw solutions by magnetic field,and the recovery rate of Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2) and Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2)@PEG-(COOH)_(2) was 83.95%and 63.37%,respectively.Moreover,after 5 recycles of reuse,the water flux of Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2) and Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2)@PEG-(COOH)_(2) as draw solutes still remained 64.36%and 85.26%,respectively.The experimental results demonstrated that the synthesized core–shell magnetic nanoparticles are promising draw solutes,and the Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2)@PEG-(COOH)_(2) was more suitable to be used as draw solute in FO process.展开更多
n this paper with Von Karmanis basic assumptions a kinematically admissible continuous velocity field has been established to drawing through parabolic dies (or called trumpet dies). Then by. using the curvilinear an...n this paper with Von Karmanis basic assumptions a kinematically admissible continuous velocity field has been established to drawing through parabolic dies (or called trumpet dies). Then by. using the curvilinear and the integral as a function of the upper limit an upper bound analytical solution of the drawing stress is obtained.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.10775140,10975141Knowledge Innovation Funds of CAS under Grant No.KJCX3-SYW-S03
文摘有在严肃的 de 保姆计量器理论的模型的扭转的一个新静态的 de 保姆答案被获得。扭转仅仅包含 O (3 ) 对称的张肌部分根据无法缩减的分解。新答案的一些性质被讨论。
文摘A kinematically admissible velocity field which is different from Avitzur's is established in Cartesian Coordinates. An upper-bound analytical solution to strip drawing andextrusion is obtained by using the integral as a function of the upper limit in this paper.
基金Supported by the National Research Foundation-Prime Minister's office,Republic of Singapore(Grant#R-279-000-337-281)
文摘Forward osmosis(FO), as one of the emerging desalination technologies, has the potential to produce fresh water from a variety of water sources by utilizing the osmotic pressure gradient across a semi-permeable membrane.Draw solution, as an essential component of any FO process, can extract water molecules from seawater or wastewater. An ideal draw solution should meet three essential requirements, namely high osmotic pressure, low reverse flux, and facile regeneration mechanism. The selection of proper draw solutes is especially critical for an energy-efficient FO process since the energy consumption mostly arises from the separation or regeneration of the draw solution. Recently, we developed a few multi-functional FO draw solutes, mainly aiming to enhance the FO water flux and to explore facile re-concentration methods. This review summarizes these draw solutes,including Na^+_- functionalized carbon quantum dots, thermoresponsive copolymers, hydrophilic magnetic nanoparticles, and thermoresponsive magnetic nanoparticles.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Programme of China(No.2004CB612905)National 0riginality Innovation Population Project of China(No.50321402)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50574099).
文摘As the dump was a typically heterogeneous body, the seepage was different with varied spreading solution modes. The phenomenon of lamination that occured in the site was simulated using three layers in an indoor experiment, and the seepage effect comparison experiment of the inside spreading solution model and the top spreading solution model have been carried out. In the inside spreading solution mode, the phreatic planar flew without infiltration and the parallel layer motion model was used to calculate the seepage coefficient and equivalent seepage coefficient of each state respectively. In the top spreading solution model, the phreatic planar flew with an even infiltration on the surface, and the vertical layer motion model was adopted to calculate the above coefficient. The results showed that the seepage coefficient of the inside model was larger than the top model in the heterogeneous body, The ratio of them was between 1.42 and 3.07. On the basis of these results, the following new technologies were discussed： installing a few small diameter mechanical pore sand piles with every lamination in the using dump; drilling some holes one-off in the unused dump. These two methods could changed the top spreading solution into the inside model, thus the seepage in the dump was improved.
文摘Novel magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs),Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2) and Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2)@PEG-(COOH)_(2),were prepared by loading different amounts of SiO_(2) or/and PEG-(COOH)_(2) onto Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles,and their feasibility to be used as forward osmosis(FO)draw solutes was investigated.The characterization of the materials showed that,compared to normal Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles,the modified MNPs exhibited enhanced dispersity and high osmotic pressure in aqueous solution.The FO experiment indicated that the synthesized draw solutes could obtain a water flux as high as 10 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1) with an aquaporin FO membrane.The optimal concentration of the added tetraethyl orthosilicate was 30%during the synthesis.The novel MNPs could be easily recovered from draw solutions by magnetic field,and the recovery rate of Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2) and Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2)@PEG-(COOH)_(2) was 83.95%and 63.37%,respectively.Moreover,after 5 recycles of reuse,the water flux of Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2) and Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2)@PEG-(COOH)_(2) as draw solutes still remained 64.36%and 85.26%,respectively.The experimental results demonstrated that the synthesized core–shell magnetic nanoparticles are promising draw solutes,and the Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2)@PEG-(COOH)_(2) was more suitable to be used as draw solute in FO process.
文摘n this paper with Von Karmanis basic assumptions a kinematically admissible continuous velocity field has been established to drawing through parabolic dies (or called trumpet dies). Then by. using the curvilinear and the integral as a function of the upper limit an upper bound analytical solution of the drawing stress is obtained.
