Based on the kinematic relationship of the drill, drill point and workpiece and the coordinate systems founded,the mathematical models of the drill point wandering motion for the drill initial penetration, i. e. the f...Based on the kinematic relationship of the drill, drill point and workpiece and the coordinate systems founded,the mathematical models of the drill point wandering motion for the drill initial penetration, i. e. the formulae for the drill point center locus, hole shape and cutting edge locus, are established. According to these formulae the hole shape to be made is simulated and analyzed. It is verified that the bending chatter of the drill during the drill penetrating is the main cause to form a polygon like hole.展开更多
This study assessed the impact of petrol service stations on physico-chemical water quality in Port Harcourt metropolis, Rivers State. This threw light on the extent of damage and alteration of water quality in Port H...This study assessed the impact of petrol service stations on physico-chemical water quality in Port Harcourt metropolis, Rivers State. This threw light on the extent of damage and alteration of water quality in Port Harcourt metropolis as a result of the proliferation of petrol service stations especially the condition of ground and nearby surface water. This serves as a useful tool to government and regulatory authorities for planning especially due to lack of central water supply system in Port Harcourt metropolis. The parameters studied were sampled, measured and analyzed using in situ and other standard methods. Remarkable results above permissible limits of interest for physicochemical parameter analysis revealed pH values from 4.6 to 6.8, electrical conductivity from 0.002 µS/cm to 0.42 µS/cm, salinity from 3 ppm to 4050 ppm, and temperatures from 19.9˚C to 32.6˚C. Total dissolved solids (TDS) varied from 7 ppm to 1000 ppm, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) from 0.167 mg/L to 2.167 mg/L, chemical oxygen demand (COD) from 0.257 mg/L to 3.253 mg/L, and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations from 1.70 mg/L to 4.30 mg/L. Specifically, water samples from NNPC Filling Station (Choba) and Eneka Pond displayed “Poor” water quality with WQI values of 112.003 and 112.076, respectively. Similarly, ALLTEC Filling Station (Eneka) and TOTAL Filling Station (Rumuomasi) had “Poor” water quality with WQI values of 173.707 and 180.946, respectively. In contrast, Excelsis Filling Station (Akpajo) demonstrated “Good” water quality with a WQI of 85.2072, while Total Filling Stations (Slaughter) and Choba River revealed “unsuitable for drinking” water quality with WQI values of 552.461 and 654.601, respectively. Slaughter River also indicated very poor water quality with a WQI of 442.024. The physicochemical and nutrient analyses of the water samples showed that activities of the filling stations within the study area may have polluted groundwater in the environment posing poor aesthetics and great health risk to consumers of the water bodies. The findings underscore the need for immediate remediation efforts and stricter regulatory measures to protect water quality. The study concluded that surface and groundwater near petrol service stations in Port Harcourt are unfit for drinking and irrigation purposes without adequate treatment.展开更多
Structural deterioration in the roof in an underground mine can easily cause roof fall, and deterioration is difficult to detect. When drilling holes for roof bolts, there is a relationship between the vibration of th...Structural deterioration in the roof in an underground mine can easily cause roof fall, and deterioration is difficult to detect. When drilling holes for roof bolts, there is a relationship between the vibration of the drill rod and the properties of the rock being drilled. This paper analyzes transverse, longitudinal, and torsional vibrations in the drill rod by using vibration theory. Characteristic indexes for three kinds of vibration are determined. Using the finite element analysis software ABAQUS, a model for drill rod vibration during the drilling of roof bolt holes was established based on the geological and mining conditions in the Guyuan Coal Mine, northern China. Results from the model determined that the transverse and the longitudinal vibration decrease as the rock hardness decreases. In descending order, sandstone,sandy mudstone, mudstone, and weak interbeds cause progressively less vibration when being drilled.The ranking for strata that cause decreasing torsional vibration is slightly different, being, in descending order, mudstone, sandstone, sandy mudstone, and weak interbeds. These results provide a theoretical basis for predicting dangerous roof conditions and the presence of weak interbeds to allow for adjusting bolt support schemes.展开更多
With the drill string hole being regarded as an ultra-long irregular lossy cylindrical waveguide, the optimal frequency point for microwave transmission was calculated according to the electromagnetic wave coupling th...With the drill string hole being regarded as an ultra-long irregular lossy cylindrical waveguide, the optimal frequency point for microwave transmission was calculated according to the electromagnetic wave coupling theory, the attenuation law and efficient transmission distance of microwave channel were obtained and the microwave mode in the waveguide was analyzed. Furthermore, the channel model and signal attenuation model were established by the microwave transmission equivalent circuit method. The power attenuation coefficient per unit of length was proposed to simplify the analysis on effective transmission distance for the ultra-long drill string. The optimal frequency points of 139.7 mm(5.5 in) and 127 mm(5 in) API drill pipes are 2.04 GHz and 2.61 GHz, respectively, and there are several inner diameter varying sections and break points in the drill string hole along the axial direction. The microwave transmission suffers a lot of reflections. The channel impedance change is a key factor affecting the transmission quality. The lab and field tests reveal that the attenuation model established in this paper is accurate, and it is applicable to the design of microwave transmission measurement while drilling system.展开更多
苍绎铁矿带会宝岭铁矿床为大型隐伏沉积变质岩型铁矿床,矿山涌水量大、排水成本高,且对矿山安全生产构成了威胁。治水前,矿山正常涌水量约530 m 3/h,其中已探明的封闭不良钻孔涌水量163.5 m 3/h,占矿山涌水的重要组成部分。本文针对封...苍绎铁矿带会宝岭铁矿床为大型隐伏沉积变质岩型铁矿床,矿山涌水量大、排水成本高,且对矿山安全生产构成了威胁。治水前,矿山正常涌水量约530 m 3/h,其中已探明的封闭不良钻孔涌水量163.5 m 3/h,占矿山涌水的重要组成部分。本文针对封闭不良钻孔的涌水量、水压、充水水源等特征进行分析,首次在深隐伏铁矿床中提出了孔底点注浆、分段泄压注浆、截水墙注浆止水3种井下注浆止水技术,建立了隐伏铁矿床封闭不良钻孔井下注浆止水体系,并取得了较好的止水效果,对类似矿山的封闭不良钻孔的止水工作具有重要指导意义。展开更多
文摘Based on the kinematic relationship of the drill, drill point and workpiece and the coordinate systems founded,the mathematical models of the drill point wandering motion for the drill initial penetration, i. e. the formulae for the drill point center locus, hole shape and cutting edge locus, are established. According to these formulae the hole shape to be made is simulated and analyzed. It is verified that the bending chatter of the drill during the drill penetrating is the main cause to form a polygon like hole.
文摘This study assessed the impact of petrol service stations on physico-chemical water quality in Port Harcourt metropolis, Rivers State. This threw light on the extent of damage and alteration of water quality in Port Harcourt metropolis as a result of the proliferation of petrol service stations especially the condition of ground and nearby surface water. This serves as a useful tool to government and regulatory authorities for planning especially due to lack of central water supply system in Port Harcourt metropolis. The parameters studied were sampled, measured and analyzed using in situ and other standard methods. Remarkable results above permissible limits of interest for physicochemical parameter analysis revealed pH values from 4.6 to 6.8, electrical conductivity from 0.002 µS/cm to 0.42 µS/cm, salinity from 3 ppm to 4050 ppm, and temperatures from 19.9˚C to 32.6˚C. Total dissolved solids (TDS) varied from 7 ppm to 1000 ppm, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) from 0.167 mg/L to 2.167 mg/L, chemical oxygen demand (COD) from 0.257 mg/L to 3.253 mg/L, and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations from 1.70 mg/L to 4.30 mg/L. Specifically, water samples from NNPC Filling Station (Choba) and Eneka Pond displayed “Poor” water quality with WQI values of 112.003 and 112.076, respectively. Similarly, ALLTEC Filling Station (Eneka) and TOTAL Filling Station (Rumuomasi) had “Poor” water quality with WQI values of 173.707 and 180.946, respectively. In contrast, Excelsis Filling Station (Akpajo) demonstrated “Good” water quality with a WQI of 85.2072, while Total Filling Stations (Slaughter) and Choba River revealed “unsuitable for drinking” water quality with WQI values of 552.461 and 654.601, respectively. Slaughter River also indicated very poor water quality with a WQI of 442.024. The physicochemical and nutrient analyses of the water samples showed that activities of the filling stations within the study area may have polluted groundwater in the environment posing poor aesthetics and great health risk to consumers of the water bodies. The findings underscore the need for immediate remediation efforts and stricter regulatory measures to protect water quality. The study concluded that surface and groundwater near petrol service stations in Port Harcourt are unfit for drinking and irrigation purposes without adequate treatment.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51104055,51274087,51604094 and 51674098)
文摘Structural deterioration in the roof in an underground mine can easily cause roof fall, and deterioration is difficult to detect. When drilling holes for roof bolts, there is a relationship between the vibration of the drill rod and the properties of the rock being drilled. This paper analyzes transverse, longitudinal, and torsional vibrations in the drill rod by using vibration theory. Characteristic indexes for three kinds of vibration are determined. Using the finite element analysis software ABAQUS, a model for drill rod vibration during the drilling of roof bolt holes was established based on the geological and mining conditions in the Guyuan Coal Mine, northern China. Results from the model determined that the transverse and the longitudinal vibration decrease as the rock hardness decreases. In descending order, sandstone,sandy mudstone, mudstone, and weak interbeds cause progressively less vibration when being drilled.The ranking for strata that cause decreasing torsional vibration is slightly different, being, in descending order, mudstone, sandstone, sandy mudstone, and weak interbeds. These results provide a theoretical basis for predicting dangerous roof conditions and the presence of weak interbeds to allow for adjusting bolt support schemes.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2016ZX05021-003-003HZ)
文摘With the drill string hole being regarded as an ultra-long irregular lossy cylindrical waveguide, the optimal frequency point for microwave transmission was calculated according to the electromagnetic wave coupling theory, the attenuation law and efficient transmission distance of microwave channel were obtained and the microwave mode in the waveguide was analyzed. Furthermore, the channel model and signal attenuation model were established by the microwave transmission equivalent circuit method. The power attenuation coefficient per unit of length was proposed to simplify the analysis on effective transmission distance for the ultra-long drill string. The optimal frequency points of 139.7 mm(5.5 in) and 127 mm(5 in) API drill pipes are 2.04 GHz and 2.61 GHz, respectively, and there are several inner diameter varying sections and break points in the drill string hole along the axial direction. The microwave transmission suffers a lot of reflections. The channel impedance change is a key factor affecting the transmission quality. The lab and field tests reveal that the attenuation model established in this paper is accurate, and it is applicable to the design of microwave transmission measurement while drilling system.
文摘苍绎铁矿带会宝岭铁矿床为大型隐伏沉积变质岩型铁矿床,矿山涌水量大、排水成本高,且对矿山安全生产构成了威胁。治水前,矿山正常涌水量约530 m 3/h,其中已探明的封闭不良钻孔涌水量163.5 m 3/h,占矿山涌水的重要组成部分。本文针对封闭不良钻孔的涌水量、水压、充水水源等特征进行分析,首次在深隐伏铁矿床中提出了孔底点注浆、分段泄压注浆、截水墙注浆止水3种井下注浆止水技术,建立了隐伏铁矿床封闭不良钻孔井下注浆止水体系,并取得了较好的止水效果,对类似矿山的封闭不良钻孔的止水工作具有重要指导意义。
