Optimal Design of a Main Driving Mechanism for Servo Punch Press Based on Performance Atlases

The servomotor drive turret punch press is attracting more attentions and being developed more intensively due to the advantages of high speed,high accuracy,high flexibility,high productivity,low noise,cleaning and energy saving.To effectively improve the performance and lower the cost,it is necessary to develop new mechanisms and establish corresponding optimal design method with uniform performance indices.A new patented main driving mechanism and a new optimal design method are proposed.In the optimal design,the performance indices,i.e.,the local motion/force transmission indices ITI,OTI,good transmission workspace good transmission workspace(GTW) and the global transmission indices GTIs are defined.The non-dimensional normalization method is used to get all feasible solutions in dimensional synthesis.Thereafter,the performance atlases,which can present all possible design solutions,are depicted.As a result,the feasible solution of the mechanism with good motion/force transmission performance is obtained.And the solution can be flexibly adjusted by designer according to the practical design requirements.The proposed mechanism is original,and the presented design method provides a feasible solution to the optimal design of the main driving mechanism for servo punch press.

Direct Yaw Moment Control for Distributed Drive Electric Vehicle Handling Performance Improvement

For a distributed drive electric vehicle（DDEV） driven by four in-wheel motors, advanced vehicle dynamic control methods can be realized easily because motors can be controlled independently, quickly and precisely. And direct yaw-moment control（DYC） has been widely studied and applied to vehicle stability control. Good vehicle handling performance： quick yaw rate transient response, small overshoot, high steady yaw rate gain, etc, is required by drivers under normal conditions, which is less concerned, however. Based on the hierarchical control methodology, a novel control system using direct yaw moment control for improving handling performance of a distributed drive electric vehicle especially under normal driving conditions has been proposed. The upper-loop control system consists of two parts： a state feedback controller, which aims to realize the ideal transient response of yaw rate, with a vehicle sideslip angle observer; and a steering wheel angle feedforward controller designed to achieve a desired yaw rate steady gain. Under the restriction of the effect of poles and zeros in the closed-loop transfer function on the system response and the capacity of in-wheel motors, the integrated time and absolute error（ITAE） function is utilized as the cost function in the optimal control to calculate the ideal eigen frequency and damper coefficient of the system and obtain optimal feedback matrix and feedforward matrix. Simulations and experiments with a DDEV under multiple maneuvers are carried out and show the effectiveness of the proposed method： yaw rate rising time is reduced, steady yaw rate gain is increased, vehicle steering characteristic is close to neutral steer and drivers burdens are also reduced. The control system improves vehicle handling performance under normal conditions in both transient and steady response. State feedback control instead of model following control is introduced in the control system so that the sense of control intervention to drivers is relieved.

The association between Tai Chi exercise and safe driving performance among older adults： An observational study

Background: Age-related cognitive and physical decline can impair safe driving performance. Tai Chi exercise benefits cognitive and physical function and may influence safe driving performance in older adults. The primary aim of this observational study was to compare cognitive processes and physical function related to safe driving performance among older adult Tai Chi practitioners to normative reference values.Secondary aims were to examine relationships between Tai Chi exercise habits, cognitive processes, and physical function related to safe driving performance and to explore potential predictors of safe driving performance.Methods: The Driving Health Inventory, the Driving Scenes Test, other driving-related cognitive and physical measures, and self-reported measures including the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS) and the Vitality Plus Scale(VPS) were collected from current Tai Chi practitioners(n = 58; age 72.9 ± 5.9 years, mean ± SD) with median >3 years Tai Chi practice.Results: Compared to normative reference values, participants performed better on numerous cognitive measures including the Driving Scenes Test(p < 0.001, d = 1.63), maze navigation(p = 0.017, d = 0.27), the Useful Field of View Test(p < 0.001, r = 0.15), and on physical measures including the Rapid Walk Test(p < 0.001, r = 0.20), and the Right Foot Tapping Test,(p < 0.001, r = 0.35). Participants scored higher than normative reference values on MAAS and VPS(p < 0.001, d = 0.75; p = 0.002, d = 0.38, respectively). Statistically significant correlations were found between several study measures. The digit span backward test was the strongest predictor of safe driving performance(β = 0.34,p = 0.009).Conclusion: Tai Chi exercise has the potential to impact cognitive processes and physical function related to safe driving performance. Further study using randomized controlled trials, structured Tai Chi exercise doses, and driving simulator or on-road driving performance as outcome measures are warranted.

Modeling and Performance Prediction of Induction Motor Drive System for Electric Drive Tracked Vehicles

The principle of rotor flux-orientation vector control on 100/150 kW three-phase AC induction motor for electric drive tracked vehicles is analyzed, and the mathematic model is deduced. The drive system of induction motor is modeled and simulated by Matlab/Simulink. The characteristics of motor and drive system are analyzed and evaluated by practical bench test. The simulation and bench test results show that the model is valid, and the driving control system has constant torque under rated speed, constant torque above rated speed, widely variable speed range and better dynamic characteristics. In order to evaluate the practical applications of high power induction motor driving system in electric drive tracked vehicles, a collaborative simulation based on interface technology of Matlab/Simulink and multi-body dynamic analysis software known as RecurDyn is done, the vehicle performances are predicted in the acceleration time (0-32 km/h) and turning characteristic (v=10 km/h, R=B).

Modulating the Lasing Performance of the Quantum Dot-Cavity System by Adding a Resonant Driving Field

We propose a new scheme on modulating the lasing performance of a quantum dot-cavity system. Compared to the conventional above-band pump, in our new scheme an additional resonant driving field is applied on the quantum dot-cavity system. By employing the master equation theory and the Jaynes-Cummings model, we are able to study the interesting phenomenon of the coupling system. To compare the different behaviors between using our new scheme and the conventional method,we carry out investigatioin for both the 'good system'and 'more realistic system', characterizing several important parameters, such as the cavity population, exciton population and the second-order correlation function at zero time delay. Through numerical simulations,we demonstrate that for both the good system and more realistic system, their lasing regimes can be displaced into other regimes in the presence of a resonant driving field.

Five characteristics of China textile industry performance in 2017 Former and present driving forces transferred significantly

According to the 2017 Summary Conference of China National Textile and Apparel Council(CNTAC)held on January 22nd to 23rd,in the first 11 months of 2017,the overall operation of China’s textile industry showed a steady growth rate,stable domestic demand growth。

Knowledge and data jointly driven aeroengine gas path performance assessment method

Aeroengines,as the sole power source for aircraft,play a vital role in ensuring flight safety.The gas path,which represents the fundamental pathway for airflow within an aeroengine,directly impacts the aeroengine's performance,fuel efficiency,and safety.Therefore,timely and accurate evaluation of gas path performance is of paramount importance.This paper proposes a knowledge and data jointly driven aeroengine gas path performance assessment method,combining Fingerprint and gas path parameter deviation values.Firstly,Fingerprint is used to correct gas path parameter deviation values,eliminating parameter shifts caused by non-component performance degradation.Secondly,coarse errors are removed using the Romanovsky criterion for short-term data divided by an equal-length overlapping sliding window.Thirdly,an Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition and Non-Local Means(EEMD-NLM)filtering method is designed to“clean”data noise,completing the preprocessing for gas path parameter deviation values.Afterward,based on the characteristics of gas path parameter deviation values,a Dynamic Temporary Blended Network(DTBN)model is built to extract its temporal features,cascaded with Multi-Layer Perceptron(MLP),and combined with Fingerprint to construct a Dynamic Temporary Blended AutoEncoder(DTB-AutoEncoder).Eventually,by training this improved autoencoder,the aeroengine gas path multi-component performance assessment model is formed,which can sufficiently decouple the nonlinear mapping relationship between aeroengine gas path multi-component performance degradation and gas path parameter deviation values,thereby achieving the performance assessment of engine gas path components.Through practical application cases,the effectiveness of this model in assessing the aeroengine gas path multi-component performance is verified.

DIR:Dynamic Request Interleaving for Improving the Read Performance of Aged Solid-State Drives

Triple-level cell(TLC)NAND flash is increasingly adopted to build solid-state drives(SSDs)for modern computer systems.While TLC NAND flash effectively improves storage density,it faces severe reliability issues;in partic-ular,the pages exhibit different raw bit error rates(RBERs).Integrating strong low-density parity-check(LDPC)code helps to improve reliability but suffers from prolonged and proportional read latency due to multiple read retries for worse pages.The straightforward idea is that dispersing page-size data across several pages in different types can achieve a low-er average RBER and reduce the read latency.However,directly implementing this simple idea into flash translation lay-er(FTL)induces the read amplification issue as one logic page residing in more than one physical page brings several read operations.In this paper,we propose the Dynamic Request Interleaving(DIR)technology for improving the performance of TLC NAND flash-based SSDs,in particular,the aged ones with large RBERs.DIR exploits the observation that the la-tency of an I/O request is determined,without considering the queuing time,by the access of the slowest device page,i.e.,the page that has the highest RBER.By grouping consecutive logical pages that have high locality and interleaving their encoded data in different types of device pages that have different RBERs,DIR effectively reduces the number of read re-tries for LDPC with limited read amplification.To meet the requirement of allocating hybrid page types for interleaved data,we also design a page-interleaving friendly page allocation scheme,which splits all the planes into multi-plane re-gions for storing the interleaved data and single-plane regions for storing the normal data.The pages in the multi-plane re-gion can be read/written in parallel by the proposed multi-plane command and avoid the read amplification issue.Based on the DIR scheme and the proposed page allocation scheme,we build DIR-enable FTL,which integrates the proposed schemes into the FTL with some modifications.Our experimental results show that adopting DIR in aged SSDs exploits nearly 33%locality from I/O requests and,on average,reduces 43%read latency over conventional aged SSDs.

Optimal Design of the Modular Joint Drive Train for Enhancing Cobot Load Capacity and Dynamic Performance

Automation advancements prompts the extensive integration of collaborative robot(cobot)across a range of industries.Compared to the commonly used design approach of increasing the payload-to-weight ratio of cobot to enhance load capacity,equal attention should be paid to the dynamic response characteristics of cobot during the design process to make the cobot more flexible.In this paper,a new method for designing the drive train parameters of cobot is proposed.Firstly,based on the analysis of factors influencing the load capacity and dynamic response characteristics,design criteria for both aspects are established for cobot with all optimization design criteria normalized within the design domain.Secondly,with the cobot in the horizontal pose,the motor design scheme is discretized and it takes the joint motor diameter and gearbox speed ratio as optimization design variables.Finally,all the discrete values of the optimization objectives are obtained through the enumeration method and the Pareto front is used to select the optimal solution through multi-objective optimization.Base on the cobot design method proposed in this paper,a six-axis cobot is designed and compared with the commercial cobot.The result shows that the load capacity of the designed cobot in this paper reaches 8.4 kg,surpassing the 5 kg load capacity commercial cobot which is used as a benchmark.The minimum resonance frequency of the joints is 42.70 Hz.

考虑工作记忆容量和时间压力影响的驾驶绩效分析

随着风险驾驶机理研究的不断完善,外部情境因素和驾驶人内部认知差异逐渐成为当前研究的热点和难点。本文为研究时间压力、工作记忆容量与驾驶绩效之间的关系,采用时间约束和动机等主客观相结合的方法实现时间压力的施加,采用复杂跨度范式测量驾驶人工作记忆容量。基于驾驶模拟器系统构建相关驾驶场景,开展心理学与模拟驾驶行为试验,采集驾驶人心理、操作和车辆运行数据,分别就时间压力、工作记忆容量及其组合对驾驶绩效的影响进行分析。结果表明:时间压力对超速比例、碰撞概率、制动反应时间、左转选择间隙皆有显著的影响效应,且时间压力越高,超速比例越大、碰撞概率越高、制动反应时间越快、左转选择间隙越小的频次越多;工作记忆容量仅对制动反应时间有影响,工作记忆容量越高,制动反应时间越快;时间压力与工作记忆容量对制动反应时间无交互影响,但随着时间压力的增大,高工作记忆容量人群与低工作记忆容量人群在制动反应时间上的差异逐渐变小。这些发现为研究时间压力下的驾驶绩效提供了驾驶人认知方面的新见解。

船式拖拉机直线工作参数优选研究

为提高船式拖拉机驱动性能,以单轮叶为研究对象,结合离散元法搭建了仿真模型与土槽试验平台,分析单轮叶与土壤的直线作业机理。验证仿真模型的有效性后,从单轮叶与土壤作业过程出发,对单轮叶直线作业过程受力进行了分析,发现单轮叶推进力和支撑力均随着转过角度的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势变化。以单轮叶推进力和扭矩作为评价指标,探究单轮叶工作参数对驱动性能的影响规律,通过多因素法得到最佳的工作参数组合。研究结果表明:最优工作参数组合为入土角度11°、入土深度147mm、前进速度1.6m/s,此时轮叶推进力为172.51N、扭矩为69.82N·m,优化后的单轮叶推进力提高了40.82N,扭矩下降了34.77N·m。土槽试验表明:优化后的单轮叶损耗功率降低明显,驱动性能得到了有效提高,结果为船式拖拉机工作参数选择提供了理论依据。

基于感通算融合和信息年龄优化的车联网多节点协同感知

面向未来自动驾驶系统中的实时性业务需求(如高清地图更新),基于感知-通信-计算融合,引入信息年龄作为实时性度量,设计感通算融合的车联网多节点协同感知机制。在通信-计算资源和车辆能耗约束下,优化调度感知节点信息采集和传输处理,最小化感知信息的平均信息年龄;提出基于李雅普诺夫的在线调度算法,将复杂的长期随机优化问题转化为单时隙在线优化问题,并设计低复杂度算法求解。仿真表明,与现有仅考虑通信与计算融合的机制相比,所提机制信息实时性可提高9%~50%。

串联驱动变弯度机翼设计与气动性能分析

针对飞行性能要求,采用NACA4412翼型设计了一种串联驱动变弯度机翼方案。将机翼沿弦向分为5个翼段,前缘部分为主承力结构固定段,后缘4段翼面由4个舵机实现串联驱动。偏转翼段内部采用空间五面体桁架结构,表面敷设复合材料弹性蒙皮。翼段间采用连杆止动以限制相对转角。建立了机翼的运动学分析模型,计算了变弯度机翼的作动速度。建立了机翼的气动分析模型,对4个典型飞行工况的气动性能进行了分析,并与传统舵面机翼性能进行对比。研究表明,在相同飞行工况下,弦向四级串联驱动变弯度机翼的作动时长仅为传统机翼的25%。起飞阶段升阻比增大71.94%,滚转机动时力矩增大12.46%,进近阶段升力增大11.19%,接地后减速阶段阻力增大104.83%。串联驱动变弯度机翼相对传统舵面机翼具有更优的操纵特性和气动性能。

基于模糊数学方法评价自动驾驶接管绩效

采用问卷和实验方法,并利用模糊数学方法探讨接管前置时间、驾驶信任、情绪唤醒以及性别因素对接管绩效的综合影响。结果发现:3s前置时间的接管绩效最佳,5s次之,8s最差;低驾驶信任度的驾驶员接管绩效优于高信任度的;男性驾驶员的接管绩效优于女性,唤起中性情绪时驾驶员的接管绩效优于积极情绪时,并且交互作用显示,男性唤起积极情绪后接管绩效最差。主要结论是,驾驶员的情绪稳定有利于驾驶员在紧急情况下接管车辆。

船舶动力推进系统加速性能控制方法改进

针对船舶动力推进系统加速性能控制方法实施改进优化。首先,设计船舶动力推进系统加速性能控制模型,通过推进电机推力控制与桨距的调节共同实现推进系统的加速性能控制。船舶集控室将加速命令传输至VDF中央处理单元后,推进变频器内的PLC软件获取获取控制命令,利用模糊控制器控制加速电机转速。针对控制偏差问题,采用遗传算法改进模糊控制器,通过准确控制电机产生的推力实现加速性能控制;VDF中央处理单元获取控制信息后,将螺距控制信息传输至CPP处理单元,由此实现对螺距的控制。实验结果显示,该方法能够有效实现研究对象的加速性能控制,控制响应时间在1 s内,且在联控模式控制过程具有较强的抗干扰性。

驱动电机并联流道的冷却性能研究

冷却流道的设计对电机冷却性能有重要影响,为研究并联流道的冷却性能,文章以135 kW永磁同步电机为研究对象,利用计算流体动力学(CFD)仿真方法分析了并联流道数量对电机冷却性能的影响,对比了并联式流道和串联式流道冷却性能的差异。结果表明,周向并联型流道数量对电机壳体温度场和速度场有明显的影响,随着流道数量的减少,壳体内壁最高温度下降,流道平均流速和速度均匀性系数提升,流道进出口压力升高,但变化幅度很小。周向并联型流道相比周向Z串联型流道,其电机壳体内壁温升更高,但温度分布均匀,平均流速平缓,速度均匀性系数更高,进出口压力差更低,降低了近5倍。

液电混动履带底盘电液系统联合仿真与试验

针对传统以液压驱动或纯电驱动的履带式农机装备功耗大、系统响应慢、电池续航短、功率扭矩输出不足等问题,本文提出了一种高效液电混动履带式行走底盘,集成了液压驱动和电驱动两套独立动力系统,双液压马达及双伺服电机的四轮驱动结构,可实现整机大扭矩输出,利于整机轻量化设计;通过伺服电机速度及力闭环控制,适应匹配底盘外负载的变化,可显著改善闭式液压驱动系统的动态输出特性,提高整机动态控制性能并降低工作能耗。基于AMESim与Matlab建立了电液混动系统的联合仿真模型,对比分析整机在平地直线行驶、山地爬坡、原地转向等不同工况的行驶动态性能,试验结果表明所设计的液电混合驱动履带底盘最大行驶速度可达1.1 m/s,原地转弯时间最快为2.4 s,最小转弯直径为150 cm,可实现丘陵山地复杂地形转弯及调头;履带底盘直线行驶偏移率不大于3.3%;在相同工况下与液压驱动相比,液电混合动模式下整机能耗可减少9.3%,提高了整机工作效率。

城市道路下分心行为对驾驶员驾驶绩效的影响

为探究城市道路条件下常见驾驶分心行为对驾驶绩效的影响,以16名青年志愿者为被试,开展实车驾驶试验,测量车辆纵向和横向行驶参数,对比分析正常驾驶和分心驾驶状态下的驾驶绩效,并探讨驾驶经验的影响。结果表明:3种分心行为均使横向加速度标准差和纵向加速度标准差增加,而使速度均值降低,说明驾驶员通过速度和转向控制补偿分心状态下的驾驶绩效;交谈对速度均值和纵向加速度均值、阅读广告对速度标准差和横向加速度均值具有显著性影响(p<0.05);接听电话时,经验驾驶员速度标准差明显高于新手(p=0.021);接听电话和阅读广告次任务下,经验驾驶员的横向加速度均值均明显较高(p=0.003,p=0.004),说明经验丰富的驾驶员受分心行为的影响程度更低。

考虑参数不确定性的无人车预设性能路径跟踪控制

为保证无人车在参数不确定性影响下的路径跟踪具有预设控制精度,提出一种具有预设跟踪误差性能的路径跟踪输出反馈控制方法。根据横向预瞄偏差建立了路径跟踪二阶误差积分系统,在考虑轮胎侧偏刚度参数摄动及车辆横向速度未知的情况下,利用扩张状态方法建立了含有复合未知项的控制模型,再通过设计线性扩张状态观测器对系统未知状态和模型不确定项进行估计,并进一步证明了观测误差的一致有界收敛性。针对无人车路径跟踪瞬态和稳态性能无法满足预设精度的问题,结合观测器估计值提出了一种具有预设性能的路径跟踪输出反馈控制器,并根据Lyapunov理论对闭环系统稳定性进行了严格证明。Matlab/Simulink仿真结果表明,所设计的控制策略能保证车辆以预设控制性能跟踪上期望路径,进一步在硬件在环仿真试验台上进行验证,结果表明所设计方案能严格保证横向跟踪偏差位于安全边界之内并具有较强的鲁棒性。

时栅动态性能在线检测系统研究

目前,时栅性能检测方法中并没有将时栅反馈到控制系统中,处于一种离线的工作模式,无法反映工作状态下的动态性能指标。为了弥补现有检测方法的不足,提出以时栅作为直驱电机反馈元件,以光栅为基准元件,以FPGA为数据采集卡核心器件采集动态数据,设计了一种时栅动态性能在线检测系统,并阐述了检测原理及软硬件设计,成功检测出时栅在线工作状态下的关键动态性能指标。实验结果表明:系统检测能反映时栅在线工作状态下的真实情况,可为进一步提升时栅的性能提供有效的检测手段。