Amino functionalized chiral mesoporous silica nanoparticles for improved loading and release of poorly water-soluble drug

In the present paper, chiral mesoporous silica nano-cocoon(A-CMSN) functionalized with amino group was synthesized, and its loading and release of indomethacin(IMC), a poorly soluble drug, was studied. Due to the use of chiral anionic surfactants as a template, ACMSN possessed 2D hexagonal nano-cocoon morphology with curled channels on its surface, which was quite different from another 2D hexagonal mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MCM-41) with straightway channels. After being loaded into the two silica carriers by hydrogen bond, crystalline IMC converted to amorphous form, leading to the improved drug dissolution. And IMC loading capacity of A-CMSN was higher than MCM-41 because curled loading process originating from curvature chiral channels can hold more drug molecules. Compared with IMC, IMC loaded A-CMSN presented obviously fast release throughout the in vitro release experiment, while IMC loaded MCM-41 released faster than IMC at the initial 5 h then showed controlled slow release afterwards, which was closely related to the mesoporous silica nanoparticles and different channel mesostructures of these two carriers. A-CMSN possessed nano-cocoon morphology with curled 2D hexagonal channel and its channel length was shorter than MCM-41, therefore IMC molecules can easily get rid of the constraint of A-CMSN then to be surrounded by dissolution medium.

The immune function injury and its mechanism in drug abuser

Objective To explore the immune function injur y and its mechanism in drug abuser.Methods The immune function changes in50drug abusers were compared with normal healthy populations by detection of the indexes of subgroups of Th cells,transformation rate of lymphocytes,IgA,IgM,IgG,IgE,com pliment C 3 ,C 4 ,IL-1,IL-2,IL-6TNF and NO.Result In peripheral blood the percentage o f Th 1 cell,transformation rate of lymphocyte,IgA,IgM,IgG,IgE content,complime nt C4,C4,IL-1,IL-2,IL-6,and TNF le vels were significantly lower than normal (P <0.01).The value of Th 1 /Th 2 was lower than normal as well(P <0.05).NO content was significantly higher than normal (P <0.001).Conclusion The mechanism of immune function inj ury in drug abuser might be correlative to direct injury of drugs and their inhibition effect on the thymu s-hypothalamus-hypophysis-adren al axis.

Treatment of Functional Retrograde Ejaculation with Acupuncture and TCM Herbal Drugs

Acupuncture at the Taichong (LR 3), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Ciliao (BL 32) points combined with TCM drugs for soothing the liver, replenishing the kidney, freeing the seminal passage, and eliminating the stasis showed effective for functional retrograde ejaculation in 25 cases. The total effective rate of 68.0% was significantly better than imipramine used in the control group (P<0.05).

The Effect of Several Commonly Used Antipsychotic Drugs on the Renal Function of Patients with Mental Illness

Objective: To understand the effects of several commonly used antipsychotics on the renal function of patients with mental illness. Method: Collected patients with mental illness who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2020 to June 2021, and selected as the research subjects patients with psychiatric disorders who were treated with 2 kinds of commonly used antipsychotic drugs;and collected 3 ml of venous blood before treatment and one month after treatment for renal function tests;observed the changes of renal function indexes before and after treatment. Results: In the collected 694 patients with mental illness, before using antipsychotic drugs, the renal function indexes were BUN: 4.42 ± 1.92 mmol/l;Cr: 70.97 ± 16.92 μmol/l;CCr: 88.37 ± 21.07 ml/min;β2-MG: 1.67 ± 0.61 mg/L;UA: 359.90 ± 112.82 μmol/l;CYS-C: 0.92 ± 0.24 mg/L. One month after using antipsychotics, BUN: 3.77 ± 1.37 mmol/l;Cr: 70.46 ± 16.71 μmol/l;CCr: 87.78 ± 20.63 ml/min;β2-MG: 1.75 ± 0.64 mg/L;UA: 332.53 ± 91.48 umol/l;CYS-C: 0.92 ± 0.24 mg/L;the renal function indexes of urea nitrogen, β2 microglobulin, uric acid and other items all changed significantly. The differences before and after treatment were statistically significant, P < 0.01. Conclusion: Several commonly used antipsychotic drugs have a greater impact on the renal function of patients with mental illness. During the treatment, the changes in renal function should be monitored regularly, if severe renal damage is found, the treatment plan or dosage should be adjusted in time to avoid endangering life.

活性小分子功能筛选平台M & Function的设计与实现

目的建立一个综合了生物信息学和化学信息学的网络信息平台M&Function,致力于新药筛选和研究。方法通过数据挖掘,整合小分子药物的名称、结构、功能、分类等信息,建立一个小分子药物信息资源库。在此基础上,借助基于最大公共子结构(maximum common substructure,MCS)和Fingerprint的结构比对软件,通过统计分析,建立了功能预测系统,对活性小分子进行生物学功能预测。结果 M&Function平台拥有丰富的数据信息、内嵌的图形显示和数据统计插件人性化的网站设计,具有直观、高效、简便易用、测试数据结果可靠等优点。结论 M&Function平台不仅是一个小分子药物信息资源库,也是一个小分子功能预测平台,可以为高通量先导化合物的筛选提供信息准备和数据支持。网站可以通过http://lifecenter.sgst.cn/mcs/home.do进行访问。

Maligned non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs:Misunderstanding of their safety profile in patients with renal insufficiency

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have a fundamental and pivotal position in management of many of the disorders managed by rheumatologists.Promulgation of a false perspective of their toxicity has compromised our ability to advise our patients and participate in the management of their disorders. The literature sources, from which the false perspective derives, do not accurately reflect safety and fail to address the value of appropriate drug use monitoring.We, as rheumatologists, must stand up and proactively address engrained misconceptions-if we are to be able to continue to provide safe, effective care for our patients.

Effect of clinician-patient communication on compliance with flupentixol-melitracen in functional dyspepsia patients

AIM: To explore whether clinician-patient communication affects adherence to psychoactive drugs in functional dyspepsia(FD) patients with psychological symptoms. METHODS: A total of 262 FD patients with psychological symptoms were randomly assigned to four groups. The patients in Groups 1-3 were given flupentixol-melitracen(FM) plus omeprazole treatment. Those in Group 1 received explanations of both the psychological and gastrointestinal(GI) mechanisms of the generation of FD symptoms and the effects of FM. In Group 2, only the psychological mechanisms were emphasized. The patients in Group 3 were not given an explanation for the prescription of FM. Those in Group 4 were given omeprazole alone. The primary endpoints of this study were compliance rate and compliance index to FM in Groups 1-3. Survival analyses were also conducted. The secondary end points were dyspepsia and psychological symptom improvement in Groups 1-4. The correlations between the compliance indices and the reductions in dyspepsia and psychological symptom scores were also evaluated in Groups 1-3.RESULTS: After 8 wk of treatment, the compliance rates were 67.7% in Group 1, 42.4% in Group 2 and 47.7% in Group 3(Group 1 vs Group 2, P = 0.006; Group 1 vs Group 3, P = 0.033). The compliance index(Group 1 vs Group 2, P = 0.002; Group 1 vs Group 3, P = 0.024) with the FM regimen was significantly higher in Group 1 than in Groups 2 and 3. The survival analysis revealed that the patients in Group 1 exhibited a significantlyhigher compliance rate than Groups 2 and 3(Group 1 vs Group 2, P = 0.002; Group 1 vs Group 3, P = 0.018). The improvement in dyspepsia(Group 1 vs Group 2, P < 0.05; Group 1 vs Group 3, P < 0.05; Group 1 vs Group 4, P < 0.01) and psychological symptom scores(anxiety: Group 1 vs Group 2, P < 0.01; Group 1 vs Group 3, P < 0.05; Group 1 vs Group 4, P < 0.01; depression: Group 1 vs Group 2, P < 0.01; Group 1 vs Group 3, P < 0.01; Group 1 vs Group 4, P < 0.01) in Group 1 were greater than those in Groups 2-4. The compliance indices were positively correlated with the reduction in symptom scores in Groups 1-3. CONCLUSION: Appropriate clinician-patient communication regarding the reasons for prescribing psychoactive drugs that emphasizes both the psychological and GI mechanisms might improve adherence to FM in patients with FD.

功能性水凝胶在创伤性脑损伤组织修复中的作用

背景:目前临床上传统的给药途径(口服或静脉注射)面临难以透过血脑屏障问题,对于开放性重度创伤性脑损伤的临床治疗结果往往低于预期。水凝胶是一类极为亲水的三维网络结构凝胶,在水中迅速溶胀并在此溶胀状态可以保持。目前有部分实验应用可注射性功能水凝胶注射植入损伤部位以达到修复受损脑组织的目的,但这一治疗策略尚未应用于临床。目的:分析功能性水凝胶在创伤性脑损伤后组织修复中的作用,讨论水凝胶通过不同作用方式促进创伤性脑损伤后的神经组织再生,以期为创伤性脑损伤的临床治疗和基础研究提出新的思路。方法:以“hydrogels,functional hydrogel,composite hydrogels,traumatic brain injury,tissue repair,neural regeneration”“功能性水凝胶,创伤性脑损伤,组织修复,神经再生”为关键词在PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网和万方数据库检索2000年8月至2024年3月的相关文献。制定纳入和排除标准,通过阅读文献标题、摘要及全文内容进行筛选,最终纳入60篇相关文献进行综述。结果与结论:①基于分子设计的水凝胶可以模拟神经微结构,促进再生修复,模拟神经血管单元促进血管再生。②基于联合药物治疗原则的水凝胶可以递送内源性神经调控因子,包裹药物促进神经再生。③基于搭载干细胞恢复策略的水凝胶可以作为分子支架递送细胞治疗。④未来研究学者们还需进一步探索神经组织修复相关的功能性水凝胶,为创伤性脑损伤患者的治疗功能重建提供有效策略。

Efficacy of Jian’ganle(健肝乐) versus Hugan Pian(护肝片),Glucuronolactone and Reduced Glutathione in Prevention of Antituberculosis Drug-induced Liver Injury

Summary： Evidence-based medicine is advocated by WHO and adopted by developed countries for many years. In China, however, the selection of essential medicine and various medical insurance reimbursement schemes medicine is usually based on experts＇ experience of prescription practice which is under heavy critics resulting from the lack of related comparative efficacy and evidence-based research. The efficacy of Jian＇ganle in prevention of drug-induced liver injury （DILI） caused by antituberculotics was evaluated in this study by comparison with Hugan Pian, glucuronolactone and reduced glutathione. Evidence was provided for relevant sectors such as Ministry for Human Resources and Social Security of the People＇s Republic of China and National Health and Family Planning Commission of the Peo- ple＇s Republic of China to select and renew the Essential Medicine List （EML）, the new rural cooperative medical scheme in China （NRCMS） list or the reimbursement list of industrial injury insurance. A total of 189 patients with initial pulmonary tuberculosis were divided into four groups who took antituberculotics combined with Jian＇ganle, Hugan Pian, glucuronolactone and reduced glutathione respectively. Their liver function profile including alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, total bilirubin （TBIL）, direct bilirubin （DBIL）, total protein （TP）, albumin （A） and globulin （G） were detected at admission as baseline and after treatment. The Jian＇ganle group was compared with the three others by chi-square tests. In an aspect of maintaining bilirubin indexes normal, Jian＇ganle was more efficacious than glucuronolactone. And Jian＇ganle had a little more efficacy than reduced glutathione to maintain protein indexes normal as well. And the therapeutic regimen of antituberculotics combined with Jian＇ganle was the best in treating tuberculosis and preventing DILI at the same time. The study showed that among the four hepatinicas which demonstrated similar prevention of DILI caused by antituberculotics, Jian＇ganle has more advantages over the three others to some extent, which provides a reliable basis for health sectors to select and renew the EML, NRCMS List or the reimbursement list of industrial injury insurance.

Combination of methylprednisolone and rosiglitazone promotes recovery of neurological function after spinal cord injury

Methylprednisolone exhibits anti-inflammatory antioxidant properties, and rosiglitazone acts as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-y in the spinal cord. Methylprednisolone and rosiglitazone have been clinically used during the early stages of secondary spinal cord injury. Because of the complexity and diversity of the inflammatory process after spinal cord injury, a single drug cannot completely inhibit inflammation. Therefore, we assumed that a combination of methylprednisolone and rosiglitazone might promote recovery of neurological function after secondary spinal cord injury. In this study, rats were intraperitoneally rejected with methylprednisolone （30 mg/kg） and rosiglitazone （2 mg/kg） at 1 hour after injury, and methylprednisolone （15 mg/kg） at 24 and 48 hours after injury. Rosiglitazone was then administered once every 12 hours for 7 consecutive days. Our results demonstrated that a combined treatment with methylprednisolone and rosiglitazone had a more pronounced effect on attenuation of inflammation and cell apoptosis, as well as increased functional recovery, compared with either single treatment alone, indicating that a combination better pro- moted recovery of neurological function after injury.

Bioinspired-Interpenetrating Network (IPNs) Hydrogel (BIOF-INPs) and TMD <i>in Vitro</i>: Bioadhesion, Drug Release and Build in Free Radical Detection and Defense

In this work, Bioactive-functionalized interpenetrating network (IPNs) hydrogel (BIOF-INPs) were prepared and investigated in vitro for the free radical detection/defense, therapeutic release as well as shear bond strength to dentine, ability to re-mineralize surface of the dentin after application of these bio-inspired materials using a biologically inspired mineralization process in vitro as well as investigating antimicrobial properties of the BIOF-INPs against S. aureous. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the suitability and flexibility of the designer materials to act as an “in vitro” probe to gain insights into molecular origin of TMD and associated disorders.

纳米金材料在肿瘤诊治领域中的应用研究进展

在肿瘤的预防与控制方面,实施“三早”策略——即早期发现、早期诊断、早期治疗——被认为是实现一级预防效果的最有效途径。尽管如此,当前肿瘤早期诊断的技术和能力仍然遭遇着重大挑战。另一方面,传统的抗肿瘤药物由于其高毒性和缺乏针对特定组织的特异性,导致在实际治疗中的应用受到了显著限制。纳米金材料因其独特的优势而脱颖而出,包括表面易于改性、出色的生物相容性、小尺寸带来的特殊效应、光学性质以及量子效应等,使其在肿瘤细胞的诊断和治疗方面显示出巨大的应用潜力。近年来,纳米金在肿瘤的临床诊断和治疗领域受到了广泛的关注和研究,并已取得了令人鼓舞的进展。该文旨在对纳米金材料在肿瘤诊治领域中的最新研究进展进行全面的综述,以期为肿瘤患者提供更加有效和个性化的诊疗方案,推动其在临床实践中的广泛应用。

The Pattern of Eosinophil Count among Nigerians with Frequent Use of the Commonly Available Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

Introduction: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) use is very common. NSAIDs use could be associated with elevated eosinophil count which could be a class effect or patient-related. Inflammation could be the link between NSAIDs use and eosinophilia. Aims: To compare the pattern of eosinophil count in the peripheral blood of frequent users of NSAIDs and healthy controls. Methodology: Two hundred (one hundred frequent users of NSAIDs and 100 healthy controls) participants who had no known risk factor for kidney disease and had given informed consent were recruited. Blood was taken to determine the white cell count and differentials, serum electrolyte and creatinine, and random blood sugar. Results: The mean age of NSAIDs users was not significantly different from controls, P = 0.3. The mean eosinophil count was higher in males than females. The incidence of eosinophilia in NSAIDs users was 4%. The mean Eosinophil count of NSAIDs users was insignificantly higher than controls, 164.3 ± 51 6 vs 135. 6 ± 53.4, P = 0.4. The mean platelet count of NSAIDs users was significantly higher compared to controls, P = 0.04. The mean hematocrit of NSAIDs users was significantly lower than the controls, P = 0.02. Propionic acid derivatives were associated with the highest eosinophil count. Eosinophil count was positively related to age and serum creatinine and inversely related to blood glucose, hematocrit and glomerular filtration rate. Conclusion: The incidence of eosinophilia was 4%. The eosinophil count was higher in frequent NSAIDs users than occasional and non-users, in males than females and with use propionic acid derivatives compared to other NSAIDs. The Eosinophil count was positively related to age and platelet count. Being commoner in inflammatory states, the tissue destruction associated with elevated EC can be avoided by the prevention and prompt treatment of inflammatory conditions.

四种抗新型冠状病毒药物对肝功能影响的临床观察

目的 观察阿兹夫定、奈玛特韦、莫诺拉韦、先诺特韦对新型冠状病毒感染患者肝功能的影响。方法 回顾性收集196例应用口服小分子抗病毒药物的新型冠状病毒感染患者的临床资料,根据所用药物不同将患者分为阿兹夫定组(92例)、奈玛特韦组(41例)、莫诺拉韦组(42例)、先诺特韦组(21例)。阿兹夫定组接受阿兹夫定治疗,奈玛特韦组接受奈玛特韦/利托那韦治疗,莫诺拉韦组接受莫诺拉韦治疗,先诺特韦组接受先诺特韦/利托那韦治疗。比较四组患者治疗前后肝功能指标水平,分析四组患者治疗后肝功能异常例数及占比,分析四组治疗后肝功能异常患者年龄及基础疾病。结果 阿兹夫定组治疗7 d后的谷丙转氨酶(47.24±13.86)U/L、谷草转氨酶(48.59±16.71)U/L高于治疗前的(38.87±19.14)、(40.18±22.33)U/L(P<0.05),碱性磷酸酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素与治疗前比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。奈玛特韦组治疗5 d后的谷丙转氨酶(61.71±27.74)U/L高于治疗前的(44.95±20.55)U/L(P<0.05),谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素与治疗前比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。莫诺拉韦组、先诺特韦组治疗5 d后的谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素与治疗前比较,均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。阿兹夫定组谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素异常分别为28例(30.4%)、9例(9.8%)、4例(4.3%)、0、4例(4.3%)。莫诺拉韦组谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素异常分别为7例(16.7%)、7例(16.7%)、1例(2.4%)、1例(2.4%)、1例(2.4%)。奈玛特韦组谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素异常分别为14例(34.1%)、11例(26.8%)、5例(12.2%)、1例(2.4%)、1例(2.4%)。先诺特韦组谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素异常分别为4例(19.0%)、2例(9.5%)、0、0、0。四组治疗后肝功能异常患者共63例,其中男44例(69.8%),女19例(30.2%)。年龄23~90岁,平均年龄73.06岁。无基础疾病14例(22.2%),合并高血压31例(49.2%),合并冠状动脉相关疾病16例(25.4%),合并脑血管病15例(23.8%),合并糖尿病11例(17.5%),合并肿瘤5例(7.9%),合并慢性肺疾病4例(6.3%)。结论 对新型冠状病毒感染患者,口服阿兹夫定显著升高谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶,口服奈玛特韦显著升高谷丙转氨酶,口服莫诺拉韦、先诺特韦后肝功能无显著变化。对口服小分子抗病毒药物患者,需要监测肝功能。

银翘三黄膏联合中药塌渍对肺癌靶向药物所致药疹的干预作用

目的观察银翘三黄膏联合中药塌渍对肺癌靶向药物所致药疹的干预作用。方法选择2019年10月至2021年10月于该院治疗的92例肺癌靶向药物所致药疹患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法将患者分为研究组和对照组,每组46例。对照组给予丁酸氢化可的松乳膏治疗,研究组在对照组基础上给予银翘三黄膏联合中药塌渍治疗。比较两组治疗前后Th17细胞、Treg细胞、CD4+T淋巴细胞、CD3+T淋巴细胞比例及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)、CC趋化因子受体1(CCR1)、趋化因子C-C-基元配体3(CCL3)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、CXC趋化因子配体10(CXCL10)、趋化因子受体3(CXCR3)水平。治疗前后对患者药疹进行分级,并采用皮肤病生活质量指数量表(DLQI)评价两组患者生活质量;比较两组临床疗效。结果治疗前,两组Th17细胞、Treg细胞、CD4+T淋巴细胞、CD3+T淋巴细胞比例比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗1个月后,两组CD3+T淋巴细胞、Th17细胞、CD4+T淋巴细胞比例均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗1个月后两组Treg细胞比例均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),且研究组高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-1β、CRP水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗1个月后,研究组IL-1β、TNF-α、IFN-γ、CRP水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组CCL3、CCR1、CXCL10、CXCR3水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗1个月后,两组CCR1水平均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),且研究组高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗1个月后,两组CXCL10、CCL3、CXCR3水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组MMP-2、MMP-9水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗1个月后,研究组MMP-2、MMP-9水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗1个月后,研究组药疹分级明显改善(Z=3.315,P<0.001),研究组药疹分级优于对照组(Z=2.343,P=0.010)。治疗1个月后,研究组DLQI评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组的总有效率(97.83%)高于对照组(84.78%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论银翘三黄膏联合中药塌渍治疗肺癌靶向药物所致药疹,可调节患者免疫状态,减轻炎症,降低MMP-2、MMP-9水平,改善药疹分级,提高患者生活质量。

老年期抑郁障碍的临床诊治

随着老龄化进程的加快和社会生活方式的转变,老年期抑郁障碍(LLD)的患病率逐年增高。作为最常见的老年期精神障碍,LLD严重影响患者的生活质量,并给家庭和社会带来沉重负担,甚至可能威胁老年患者的生命安全。LLD的发病机制尚不明确,可能是生物、社会和心理多方面因素共同作用所致。由于老年群体的机体功能衰退、共病躯体疾病较多,故对LLD患者的诊治与处理年轻的成年抑郁障碍患者会有所不同。本文对LLD相关的流行病学特征、临床评估和诊断、共病情况以及治疗与干预等方面进行梳理,并着重介绍LLD的药物治疗,以期为临床对LLD的优化诊治和改善预后提供参考。

木质素基脱落酸缓释微胶囊的制备及其在纸基地膜中的应用

对木质素磺酸钠(SL)进行胺基化改性得到了胺基化木质素磺酸钠(ASL),然后,采用十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)对ASL进行表面改性制备了ASL/SDBS微球。利用自组装技术将植物生长调节剂脱落酸(ABA)装载于ASL/SDBS微球中,制备了以ASL/SDBS为壁材、ABA为芯材的木质素基脱落酸(ABA@ASL)微胶囊。以ABA@ASL微胶囊和棕榈蜡乳液为涂布材料,通过涂布技术制备了功能性纸基地膜。采用纳米粒度及Zeta电位分析仪、SEM、TEM、FTIR考察了m(SDBS)/m(ASL)对制备的ASL/SDBS微球的Zeta电位、微观形貌、结构组成的影响。通过载药量、包封率测定和药物缓释、抗光解性能测试,探究了壁芯比(即ASL/SDBS与ABA的质量比,下同)对ABA@ASL微胶囊载药和缓释的影响;采用水蒸气透过率、水接触角测定和模拟土壤环境的温度、相对湿度变化以及降解实验,分析了棕榈蜡涂布量对功能性纸基地膜性能的影响。结果表明,当壁芯比为1∶1时,制备的ABA@ASL-2微胶囊载药量为32%,包封率为58%,72 h药物释放率仅为49.3%,72 h的紫外线照射下药物保留率可达75.1%。ABA@ASL微胶囊分散液和棕榈蜡乳液的涂布量为3 g/m^(2)制备的地膜-3性能最佳,其水接触角达到103°,干抗张能量吸收值达到50.98 J/m^(2),湿抗张能量吸收值为11.84 J/m^(2);相比于第0 d,经地膜-3覆盖7 d后的地下5 cm土壤相对湿度保留率超过50%,其地下5 cm土壤保温性能与聚乙烯地膜相当。经土壤埋藏降解实验,纸基地膜在90 d内基本完全降解,降解产物对环境无污染。

五灵胶囊防治精神类药物致肝损伤的作用及对患者睡眠质量的影响

目的 探讨五灵胶囊防治精神类药物致肝损伤的作用及对患者睡眠质量的影响。方法 将2021年1月—2023年12月收治的使用精神类药物的抑郁症患者240例作为研究对象,用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组120例。对照组用盐酸度洛西汀肠溶胶囊治疗,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上加用五灵胶囊治疗。治疗12周后,比较2组主要肝功能指标[丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、谷氨酰转肽酶(glutamyl transpeptidase,GGT)、总胆红素(total bilirubin,TBiL)],匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)评分及不良反应发生率。结果 治疗后,观察组的AST[(33.45±8.32) U·L^(-1)]、ALT[(35.45±5.35) U·L^(-1)]、GGT[(31.12±5.15) U·L^(-1)]、TBiL[(6.44±2.53)μmol·L^(-1)]均低于对照组,组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组的PSQI评分优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组的不良反应发生率(8.33%)低于对照组(26.67%),P<0.05。结论 五灵胶囊可有效防治由精神类药物造成的肝损伤,且有助于改善患者的情志抑郁、焦虑和失眠的症状,患者的生活质量明显改善,且安全性较好。

槐耳颗粒联合分子靶向药物治疗脾虚型原发性肝癌的临床疗效

目的 探讨槐耳颗粒联合分子靶向药物治疗脾虚型原发性肝癌(PHC)的临床疗效及对肝功能、免疫功能的影响。方法 回顾性分析2020年1月—2021年12月本院收治的PHC患者70例,按就诊先后顺序分为A组和B组各35例。两组患者均实施常规支持治疗。A组在常规治疗上使用分子靶向药物治疗,B组在A组的基础上联合槐耳颗粒治疗,两组患者皆进行4周的治疗。对两组治疗前后中医证候积分、生活质量、肝功能及免疫功能指标的变化实施观察,并评价两组临床疗效与安全性。结果 B组总有效率(97.14%)显著高于A组(80.00%)(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组中医症候积分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组中医症候积分在治疗后均降低,且B组积分低于A组(P<0.05);治疗前,两组患者的CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组患者的CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)水平较治疗前显著降低;B组CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平较治疗前提高,A组CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平较治疗前降低,且B组的CD8^(+)水平低于A组,CD4^(+)与CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平高于A组(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组的AST、ALT和TBIL水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后两组AST、ALT和TBIL水平显著减少(P<0.05),且B组明显低于A组(P<0.05)。B组不良反应发生率(11.42%)高于A组(8.57%),但两组高血压、手足综合征、皮疹、恶心呕吐及腹泻等不良反应比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后两组生活质量均上升,且B组生活质量优于A组(P<0.05)。结论 槐耳颗粒联合分子靶向药物治疗PHC患者疗效确切,可减轻患者临床症状,改善患者的肝功能以及免疫功能指标,安全性较高,可在临床推广。

重复经颅磁刺激对首发抑郁症患者执行功能的影响研究

目的通过采集行为学和脑电数据,考察重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,rTMS)对首发抑郁症患者的疗效及对执行功能的影响,初步探讨rTMS治疗抑郁症患者潜在的认知神经影响的机制。方法采用随机数字表法将首发抑郁症患者分为试验组(n=26)和对照组(n=25),试验组患者进行8周的rTMS联合药物治疗,对照组患者仅进行单纯药物治疗。于干预前和干预后采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表24(24-item Hamilton depression rating scale,HAMD-24)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表14(14-item Hamilton anxiety rating scale,HAMA-14)以及行为学工具和事件相关电位(event-related potential,ERP)评估患者的抑郁焦虑状态和执行功能的变化。结果两组抑郁症患者治疗后的HAMD-24评分和HAMA-14评分较干预前均显著下降(P均<0.001),且试验组患者HAMD-24评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。Go/Nogo任务中,两组抑郁症患者Nogo条件正确应答数较干预前均明显提升(P均<0.05);Stroop任务中,试验组抑郁症患者不一致条件的正确应答数较干预前明显提升,不一致条件反应时较干预前明显变短,且试验组抑郁症患者不一致条件的正确应答数较对照组明显提升、不一致条件反应时明显变短(P均<0.05)。脑电指标中,试验组抑郁症患者干预后较干预前诱发了更大的Nogo N2波幅和P3波幅(P均<0.05);试验组抑郁症患者的N2差异波波幅和P3差异波波幅显著大于对照组(P均<0.05)。结论rTMS可以加强抑郁症患者的认知神经活动水平,提升执行功能,对抑郁症患者抑郁症状的治疗效果更好。