Research on the Problems and Countermeasures of the Landing of Negotiated Drugs

Objective To provide reference for better landing of the negotiated drugs in the future.Methods Relevant data on the negotiated drugs in designated medical institutions and retail pharmacies from the website of the Medical Security Bureau was obtained,and then the allocation and problems of negotiated drugs were summarized and analyzed.Results and Conclusion The main problem for the landing of negotiated drugs is the difficulty of using them in medical institutions.First,there is a small number of designated medical institutions that can use some negotiated drugs.Second,the negotiated drugs vary greatly in the designated medical institutions.Lastly,some designated retail pharmacies do not supply the negotiated drugs.The difficulties in using the negotiated drugs can include subjective reasons and objective reasons.Retail pharmacies are not the official places where patients can use the negotiated drugs.Besides,if medical institutions do not supply and use negotiated drugs,it will pose a great risk to drug safety.Negotiated drugs should be used in designated medical institutions ultimately,which is conducive to safeguarding the rational drug use for patients.

基于史密斯政策执行过程模型的国家医保药品目录准入谈判罕见病药品落地问题及路径研究

目的基于史密斯政策执行过程模型的国家医保药品目录准入谈判(以下简称“国谈”)罕见病药品落地的关键和难点,探索罕见病药品在进入国家基本医疗保险和工伤保险药品目录后政策实施过程中存在的问题并提出对策建议。方法通过文献复习和政策梳理、专家访谈、焦点小组访谈收集资料,结合史密斯政策执行过程模型的理论框架从多角度探索国谈罕见病药品政策执行情况的现状、问题以及解决方案。结果目前我国罕见病药品行业管理尚处于初级阶段;医疗服务提供方在意识、管理等方面仍存在不足;罕见病药品保障渠道有待优化,医疗保险支付机制尚不完善。结论建议进一步加强行业管理,提升罕见病用药保障;加强医疗服务提供方能力建设,取消罕见病用药考核限制;畅通罕见病用药保障渠道,完善医疗保险支付机制。

基于利益相关者分析的国家谈判药品“双通道”政策落地症结与对策研究

目的从利益相关者角度分析国家谈判药品“双通道”政策落地的动力及风险因素,为打通政策落地的最后环节提出政策建议。方法从药品目录、药店遴选、医疗保险经办、使用监管维度梳理各省(自治区、直辖市)“双通道”实施方案,结合文献分析和利益相关者访谈,从医疗保障部门、卫生健康行政部门、医疗机构、药品生产企业、药店5方角度分析政策落地的激励和风险因素。结果各省(自治区、直辖市)基本已发文落实建立“双通道”管理机制。该政策有利于医疗保障部门实现药品供应保障多元化,但基金控费风险、协议管理、医疗机构年度医疗保险总额调整等面临更大压力;有助于卫生健康部门实现医药分开,但政策协同性、医疗费用控制等面临更高要求;有利于缓解医院的药品配备和医疗服务压力,但增加了用药安全风险和管理难度,若外配处方不纳入总额预算,可缓解控费压力,否则不利于处方外流;有利于药店增加药品配备,扩大整体市场份额并向“双通道”药房集中,但加价空间减少,信息化、人员配备、药品管理、审核管理压力增大。同时,公众和医疗机构不信任依然存在。结论“双通道”政策的落地需要多方协同发力,采购与需求匹配,完善药品遴选和配备供应;政府与行业合力,优化“双通道”药房管理;药房与医院衔接,规范处方流转和药品使用;医疗保险和医疗协同,强化基金和药品使用监管。