Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), have demonstrated efficacy treating a number of acute conditions, encompassing a broad range of symptoms and syndromes, in addition to being first-line treatment for epilepsy. Clinically, s...Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), have demonstrated efficacy treating a number of acute conditions, encompassing a broad range of symptoms and syndromes, in addition to being first-line treatment for epilepsy. Clinically, since their inception, AEDs have been used off-label for acute and chronic medical conditions, both as primary and as adjuvant therapies. In this review, we describe the observed clinical effectiveness of AEDs across a set of commonly encountered acute conditions in the general hospital: traumatic brain injury, pain, alcohol withdrawal. In describing the individual benefits and usages of specific agents, the applicability of these agents to other common neuropsychiatric conditions may be further explored.展开更多
AIM: To determine the effect of discontinuing nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) on recurrence in long-term follow-up patients with colonic diverticular bleeding(CDB).METHODS: A cohort of 132 patients hospita...AIM: To determine the effect of discontinuing nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) on recurrence in long-term follow-up patients with colonic diverticular bleeding(CDB).METHODS: A cohort of 132 patients hospitalized for CDB examined by colonoscopy was prospectively enrolled. Comorbidities, lifestyle, and medications(NSAIDs, low-dose aspirin, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, acetaminophen, and corticosteroids) were assessed. After discharge, patients were requested to visit the hospital on scheduled days during the followup period. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate recurrence.RESULTS: Median follow-up was 15 mo. The probability of recurrence at 1, 6, 12, and 24 mo was 3.1%, 19%, 27%, and 38%, respectively. Of the 41 NSAID users on admission, 26(63%) discontinued NSAID use at discharge. Many of the patients who could discontinue NSAIDs were intermittent users, and could be switched to alternative therapies, such as acetaminophen or an antiinflammatory analgesic plaster. The probability of recurrence at 12 mo was 9.4% in discontinuing NSAID users compared with 77% in continuing users(P < 0.01, log-rank test). The hazard ratio for recurrence in the discontinuing NSAIDs users was 0.06 after adjusting for age > 70 years, right-sided diverticula, history of hypertension, and hemodialysis. No patients developed cerebrocardiovascular events during follow-up.CONCLUSION: There is a substantial recurrence rate after discharge among patients hospitalized for diverticular bleeding. Discontinuation of NSAIDs is an effective preventive measure against recurrence. This study provides new information on risk reduction strategies for diverticular bleeding.展开更多
目的:降低我院住院药房退药率,提升医药护团队服务效率。方法:通过住院药房医院信息系统(hospital information system,HIS)比较实施PDCA退药管理措施前后1年的退药原因和频次,以及年(月)退药率。结果:改治疗方案、药房无药和患者出院...目的:降低我院住院药房退药率,提升医药护团队服务效率。方法:通过住院药房医院信息系统(hospital information system,HIS)比较实施PDCA退药管理措施前后1年的退药原因和频次,以及年(月)退药率。结果:改治疗方案、药房无药和患者出院为退药主要原因;实施PDCA退药管理后,住院药房年退药率低于实施前,且随着PDCA循环增加,月退药率持续降低(P<0.05)。结论:采取退药管理PDCA方法可有效降低住院药房退药率,促进医务团队服务水平提升。展开更多
文摘Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), have demonstrated efficacy treating a number of acute conditions, encompassing a broad range of symptoms and syndromes, in addition to being first-line treatment for epilepsy. Clinically, since their inception, AEDs have been used off-label for acute and chronic medical conditions, both as primary and as adjuvant therapies. In this review, we describe the observed clinical effectiveness of AEDs across a set of commonly encountered acute conditions in the general hospital: traumatic brain injury, pain, alcohol withdrawal. In describing the individual benefits and usages of specific agents, the applicability of these agents to other common neuropsychiatric conditions may be further explored.
基金Supported by A Grant-in-Aid for Research from the National Center for Global Health and Medicine No.26A-201
文摘AIM: To determine the effect of discontinuing nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) on recurrence in long-term follow-up patients with colonic diverticular bleeding(CDB).METHODS: A cohort of 132 patients hospitalized for CDB examined by colonoscopy was prospectively enrolled. Comorbidities, lifestyle, and medications(NSAIDs, low-dose aspirin, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, acetaminophen, and corticosteroids) were assessed. After discharge, patients were requested to visit the hospital on scheduled days during the followup period. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate recurrence.RESULTS: Median follow-up was 15 mo. The probability of recurrence at 1, 6, 12, and 24 mo was 3.1%, 19%, 27%, and 38%, respectively. Of the 41 NSAID users on admission, 26(63%) discontinued NSAID use at discharge. Many of the patients who could discontinue NSAIDs were intermittent users, and could be switched to alternative therapies, such as acetaminophen or an antiinflammatory analgesic plaster. The probability of recurrence at 12 mo was 9.4% in discontinuing NSAID users compared with 77% in continuing users(P < 0.01, log-rank test). The hazard ratio for recurrence in the discontinuing NSAIDs users was 0.06 after adjusting for age > 70 years, right-sided diverticula, history of hypertension, and hemodialysis. No patients developed cerebrocardiovascular events during follow-up.CONCLUSION: There is a substantial recurrence rate after discharge among patients hospitalized for diverticular bleeding. Discontinuation of NSAIDs is an effective preventive measure against recurrence. This study provides new information on risk reduction strategies for diverticular bleeding.
文摘目的:降低我院住院药房退药率,提升医药护团队服务效率。方法:通过住院药房医院信息系统(hospital information system,HIS)比较实施PDCA退药管理措施前后1年的退药原因和频次,以及年(月)退药率。结果:改治疗方案、药房无药和患者出院为退药主要原因;实施PDCA退药管理后,住院药房年退药率低于实施前,且随着PDCA循环增加,月退药率持续降低(P<0.05)。结论:采取退药管理PDCA方法可有效降低住院药房退药率,促进医务团队服务水平提升。
