To study the effects of straw utilization methods on dry matter production and yield of japonica rice in northern China,taking the super japonica rice Shennong 265 as the test material,using the planting method of see...To study the effects of straw utilization methods on dry matter production and yield of japonica rice in northern China,taking the super japonica rice Shennong 265 as the test material,using the planting method of seedling transplanting,setting four treatments,namely,the conventional production,directly returning straws to field(6 t/ha),returning straws to field at low amount of biochar(2 t/ha)and returning straws to field at high amount of biochar(40 t/ha),this paper analyzed the changes in production and yield of super japonica rice Shennong265.According to the experimental results,compared with the conventional production,after the straws were directly returned to the field,the dry matter accumulation of japonica rice was insufficient,and the leaf output rate and contribution rate were significantly reduced by 41.19%and 34.69%,respectively;the number of filled grains per panicle,1000-grain weight,and panicles per plant showed negative effect,leading to a decline in the yield;under the condition of returning straws to field at high amount of biochar,the dry matter accumulation showed a decline trend,both the leaf and stem sheath significantly reduced by 21.41%and 17.43%,and the number of filled grains per panicle also declined;under the condition of returning straws to field at low amount of biochar,the dry matter accumulation increased,and the leaf contribution rate increased by 11.68%,the number of filled grains per panicle,1000-grain weight,and panicles per plant showed positive effect,showing the potential of yield increase.In conclusion,returning suitable straw biochar to field(2 t/ha)is favorable for promoting the japonica rice production in northern China.展开更多
Genetic improvement of the digestibility of rice straw for increasing the utilization of the whole rice plant as feedstuffs is an important way to solve the feedstuffs shortage in southeastern China. To elucidate the ...Genetic improvement of the digestibility of rice straw for increasing the utilization of the whole rice plant as feedstuffs is an important way to solve the feedstuffs shortage in southeastern China. To elucidate the genetic basis of the traits affecting the digestibility of rice straw, a rice population of 111 recombinant inbred lines （RILs） derived from a cross of Nekken 2xGaya was used to map the quantitative traits loci （QTLs） for in vitro dry matter digestion （IVDMD）, the percentages of nonstructural carbohydrate （NSC） and acid detergent fiber （exclusive of residual ash, ADFom） in 2005 and 2006. IVDMD was positively correlated with NSC, and negatively correlated with ADFom. A total of 16 QTLs were detected in the two years, and the amounts of variation explained by individual QTLs ranged from 6.9% to 15.5%. Some QTLs for IVDMD and ADFom on chromosome 2 were detected in the two years. On chromosome 2, the interval RM475-RM3515 contained QTLs for IVDMD in the two years and for NSC in 2006 only, while the interval RM3874-RM5305 influenced ADFom in the two years and NSC in 2005 only. At those loci, Gaya contributed favorable alleles to IVDMD and NSC, while Nekken 2 contributed positive alleles to ADFom.展开更多
The results show that mulches creat good ecological environment for citrus growth and development. The soil temperature of mulching orchard is higher in winter and early spring, lower in summer and early autumn. The d...The results show that mulches creat good ecological environment for citrus growth and development. The soil temperature of mulching orchard is higher in winter and early spring, lower in summer and early autumn. The drought is resisted effectively duing growth of fruit because the higher water content is kept in dry season. Due to the improved nutrient status in soil with mulches the content of nutrient in citrus tree increase significantly . The net economic benefit of citrus orchard with mulching especially mulch with film and rice-straw treatment is 2.229 times the control.展开更多
基金Supported by China National Key Research and Development Program(2017YFD0300710-A04,2017YFD0100502-4,2018YFD0300305-02)Special Project for Construction of China Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System(CARS-01-51).
文摘To study the effects of straw utilization methods on dry matter production and yield of japonica rice in northern China,taking the super japonica rice Shennong 265 as the test material,using the planting method of seedling transplanting,setting four treatments,namely,the conventional production,directly returning straws to field(6 t/ha),returning straws to field at low amount of biochar(2 t/ha)and returning straws to field at high amount of biochar(40 t/ha),this paper analyzed the changes in production and yield of super japonica rice Shennong265.According to the experimental results,compared with the conventional production,after the straws were directly returned to the field,the dry matter accumulation of japonica rice was insufficient,and the leaf output rate and contribution rate were significantly reduced by 41.19%and 34.69%,respectively;the number of filled grains per panicle,1000-grain weight,and panicles per plant showed negative effect,leading to a decline in the yield;under the condition of returning straws to field at high amount of biochar,the dry matter accumulation showed a decline trend,both the leaf and stem sheath significantly reduced by 21.41%and 17.43%,and the number of filled grains per panicle also declined;under the condition of returning straws to field at low amount of biochar,the dry matter accumulation increased,and the leaf contribution rate increased by 11.68%,the number of filled grains per panicle,1000-grain weight,and panicles per plant showed positive effect,showing the potential of yield increase.In conclusion,returning suitable straw biochar to field(2 t/ha)is favorable for promoting the japonica rice production in northern China.
基金supported by the National Key Technologies Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2006BAD04A12).
文摘Genetic improvement of the digestibility of rice straw for increasing the utilization of the whole rice plant as feedstuffs is an important way to solve the feedstuffs shortage in southeastern China. To elucidate the genetic basis of the traits affecting the digestibility of rice straw, a rice population of 111 recombinant inbred lines （RILs） derived from a cross of Nekken 2xGaya was used to map the quantitative traits loci （QTLs） for in vitro dry matter digestion （IVDMD）, the percentages of nonstructural carbohydrate （NSC） and acid detergent fiber （exclusive of residual ash, ADFom） in 2005 and 2006. IVDMD was positively correlated with NSC, and negatively correlated with ADFom. A total of 16 QTLs were detected in the two years, and the amounts of variation explained by individual QTLs ranged from 6.9% to 15.5%. Some QTLs for IVDMD and ADFom on chromosome 2 were detected in the two years. On chromosome 2, the interval RM475-RM3515 contained QTLs for IVDMD in the two years and for NSC in 2006 only, while the interval RM3874-RM5305 influenced ADFom in the two years and NSC in 2005 only. At those loci, Gaya contributed favorable alleles to IVDMD and NSC, while Nekken 2 contributed positive alleles to ADFom.
文摘The results show that mulches creat good ecological environment for citrus growth and development. The soil temperature of mulching orchard is higher in winter and early spring, lower in summer and early autumn. The drought is resisted effectively duing growth of fruit because the higher water content is kept in dry season. Due to the improved nutrient status in soil with mulches the content of nutrient in citrus tree increase significantly . The net economic benefit of citrus orchard with mulching especially mulch with film and rice-straw treatment is 2.229 times the control.
