A field experiment were conducted for two years at Agricultural Research Station, Bhavanisagar of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, during kharif season of 2009 and 2010 to evaluate the new formulation of oxyfluorfe...A field experiment were conducted for two years at Agricultural Research Station, Bhavanisagar of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, during kharif season of 2009 and 2010 to evaluate the new formulation of oxyfluorfen (23.5% EC) on weed control in onion. Weeds constitute one of the biggest problems in agriculture that not only reduce the yield and quality of onion but also utilize essential nutrients. Hence, weed control is essential for increasing onion production. Based on two years field experimentation, it was found that pre-emergence application of oxyfluorfen (23.5% EC) at400 g.ha-1 gave significantly lower total weed density, weed dry weight and higher weed control efficiency at all the intervals. Application of new formulation of oxyfluorfen (23.5% EC) at200 g.ha-1 as pre-emergence herbicide can keep the weed density and dry weight below the economic threshold level and increase the bulb weight (42.56 and43.87 g) and yield (15940 and15610 kg.ha-1) in onion. Unweeded control accounted for lower bulb yield which inturn reflected through higher weed index of 60.6 and 56.1 per cent, respectively during both the years, due to heavy competition of weeds for nutrients, space and light.展开更多
Three field experiments were carried out during 2017-2019 at the University of Guelph Huron Research Station near Exeter, Ontario, Canada to determine the effect of halosulfuron rate (25, 37.5 or 50 g<span style=&q...Three field experiments were carried out during 2017-2019 at the University of Guelph Huron Research Station near Exeter, Ontario, Canada to determine the effect of halosulfuron rate (25, 37.5 or 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup>) and application timing (POST 1, POST 2 and POST 3) on volunteer azuki bean control in white bean. At POST 1, halosulfuron at 25, 37.5 and 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup> controlled volunteer azuki bean 46% - 50% at 1 week after application (WAA), controlled decreased to 16% - 25% at 8 WAA. At POST 2, volunteer azuki bean controlled decreased from 34% - 39% at 1 WAA to 17% - 27% at 8 WAA. A similar trend was observed at POST 3. Halosulfuron applied POST 1 at 25, 37.5 and 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup> reduced biomass 49%, 64% and 69%, respectively. Halosulfuron applied POST 2 did not reduce volunteer azuki bean biomass at 25 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup>, but decreased biomass 51% at 37.5 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup> and 49% at 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup>. Similarly, halosulfuron applied POST 3 did not reduce volunteer azuki bean biomass at 25 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup>, but decreased biomass 40% at 37.5 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup> and 44% at 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup>. There was as much as 19%, 22% and 25% dockage with halosulfuron applied POST 1, POST 2 and POST 3, respectively. Volunteer azuki bean interference reduced white bean yield 40%. Reduced volunteer azuki bean interference with halosulfuron applied POST 1 at 37.5 or 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup> resulted in an increase in white bean yield relative to the weedy control;however white yield was less than the weed-free control. This study concludes that halosulfuron at rates and application timings evaluated does not provide adequate control of volunteer azuki bean in white bean.展开更多
文摘A field experiment were conducted for two years at Agricultural Research Station, Bhavanisagar of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, during kharif season of 2009 and 2010 to evaluate the new formulation of oxyfluorfen (23.5% EC) on weed control in onion. Weeds constitute one of the biggest problems in agriculture that not only reduce the yield and quality of onion but also utilize essential nutrients. Hence, weed control is essential for increasing onion production. Based on two years field experimentation, it was found that pre-emergence application of oxyfluorfen (23.5% EC) at400 g.ha-1 gave significantly lower total weed density, weed dry weight and higher weed control efficiency at all the intervals. Application of new formulation of oxyfluorfen (23.5% EC) at200 g.ha-1 as pre-emergence herbicide can keep the weed density and dry weight below the economic threshold level and increase the bulb weight (42.56 and43.87 g) and yield (15940 and15610 kg.ha-1) in onion. Unweeded control accounted for lower bulb yield which inturn reflected through higher weed index of 60.6 and 56.1 per cent, respectively during both the years, due to heavy competition of weeds for nutrients, space and light.
文摘Three field experiments were carried out during 2017-2019 at the University of Guelph Huron Research Station near Exeter, Ontario, Canada to determine the effect of halosulfuron rate (25, 37.5 or 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup>) and application timing (POST 1, POST 2 and POST 3) on volunteer azuki bean control in white bean. At POST 1, halosulfuron at 25, 37.5 and 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup> controlled volunteer azuki bean 46% - 50% at 1 week after application (WAA), controlled decreased to 16% - 25% at 8 WAA. At POST 2, volunteer azuki bean controlled decreased from 34% - 39% at 1 WAA to 17% - 27% at 8 WAA. A similar trend was observed at POST 3. Halosulfuron applied POST 1 at 25, 37.5 and 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup> reduced biomass 49%, 64% and 69%, respectively. Halosulfuron applied POST 2 did not reduce volunteer azuki bean biomass at 25 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup>, but decreased biomass 51% at 37.5 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup> and 49% at 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup>. Similarly, halosulfuron applied POST 3 did not reduce volunteer azuki bean biomass at 25 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup>, but decreased biomass 40% at 37.5 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup> and 44% at 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup>. There was as much as 19%, 22% and 25% dockage with halosulfuron applied POST 1, POST 2 and POST 3, respectively. Volunteer azuki bean interference reduced white bean yield 40%. Reduced volunteer azuki bean interference with halosulfuron applied POST 1 at 37.5 or 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup> resulted in an increase in white bean yield relative to the weedy control;however white yield was less than the weed-free control. This study concludes that halosulfuron at rates and application timings evaluated does not provide adequate control of volunteer azuki bean in white bean.