Preparation of Regenerated Silk Fibroin Hybrid Fibers with Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing Properties by Wet Spinning

Silk is widely used in the production of high-quality textiles.At the same time,the amount of silk textiles no longer in use and discarded is increasing,resulting in significant waste and pollution.This issue is of great concern in many countries where silk is used.Hydrogen peroxide as a naturally occurring compound is an important indicator of detection in both biology and the environment.This study aims to develop a composite fiber with hydrogen peroxide-sensing properties using discarded silk materials.To achieve this goal,firstly,polydopamine(PDA)was used to encapsulate the ZnFe_(2)O_(4) NPs to achieve the improvement of dispersion,and then regenerated silk fibroin(RSF)and PDA@ZnFe_(2)O_(4)/RSF hybrid fibers are prepared by wet spinning.Research has shown that PDA@ZnFe_(2)O_(4)/RSF demonstrates exceptional sensitivity,selectivity,and stability in detecting hydrogen peroxide,while maintaining high mechanical strength.Furthermore,the complete hybridization of PDA@ZnFe_(2)O_(4) with silk fibroin not only results in the combination of the durability of silk fibroin and PDA@ZnFe_(2)O_(4)’s rigidity,ensuring a reliable service life,but also makes PDA@ZnFe_(2)O_(4)/RSF exhibit excellent catalytic activity and biocompatibility.Therefore,the composite fiber exhibits exceptional mechanical properties and reliable hydrogen peroxide sensing capabilities,making it a promising material for biological and medical applications.

Wet spinning of fiber-shaped flexible Zn-ion batteries toward wearable energy storage

High-performance flexible one-dimensional(1D)electrochemical energy storage devices are crucial for the applications of wearable electronics.Although much progress on various 1D energy storage devices has been made,challenges involving fabrication cost,scalability,and efficiency remain.Herein,a highperformance flexible all-fiber zinc-ion battery(ZIB)is fabricated using a low-cost,scalable,and efficient continuous wet-spinning method.Viscous composite inks containing cellulose nanofibers/carbon nanotubes(CNFs/CNTs)binary composite network and either manganese dioxide nanowires(MnO_(2) NWs)or commercial Zn powders are utilized to spinning fiber cathodes and anodes,respectively.MnO_(2) NWs and Zn powders are uniformly dispersed in the interpenetrated CNFs/CNTs fibrous network,leading to homogenous composite inks with an ideal shear-thinning property.The obtained fiber electrodes demonstrate favorable uniformity and flexibility.Benefiting from the well-designed electrodes,the assembled flexible fiber-shaped ZIB delivers a high specific capacity of 281.5 m Ah g^(-1) at 0.25 A g^(-1) and displays excellent cycling stability over 400 cycles.Moreover,the wet-spun fiber-shaped ZIBs achieve ultrahigh gravimetric and volumetric energy densities of 47.3 Wh kg^(-1) and 131.3 m Wh cm^(-3),respectively,based on both cathode and anode and maintain favorable stability even after 4000 bending cycles.This work offers a new concept design of 1D flexible ZIBs that can be potentially incorporated into commercial textiles for wearable and portable electronics.

Carrageenan Fiber Prepared by a New Process Route of Ba^(2+)Ion Pre-Crosslinking in the Spinning Solution

Ba^(2+)pre-crosslinked carrageenan fiber(Ba/CAF)was prepared by adding a small amount of Ba^(2+) to the carrageenan(CA)solution as the spinning solution.Ba/CAF-n/A,Ba/CAF-n/B and Ba/CAF-n/C were prepared with ethanol solution(combine A),high concentration BaCl_(2)solution(combine B)and low concentration BaCl_(2)solution(combine C),as coagulation bath and stretch bath,respectively.The combination of coagulation bath and stretch bath suitable for Ba^(2+) pre-crosslinking wet spinning was screened.The results showed that Ba^(2+) can induce the birefringence of the CA molecular chain,and the Ba^(2+) pre-crosslinking effect is the best when the CA mass fraction is 8.0 wt%.From the perspective of production safety,fiber performance and spinning cost,the coagulation bath of 3.5 wt%BaCl_(2)solution and stretch bath of 1.7 wt%BaCl_(2)solution,that is,combination C with low concentration BaCl_(2)solution,is the best choice.Ba/CAF-8.0/C was obtained under the best conditions.The linear intensity,water absorption and flame retardancy study showed that the breaking strength of Ba/CAF-8.0/C is as high as 1.61 cN/dtex,the water absorption was 649.2%and 574.3%,in deionized water and normal saline,respectively,and the LOI value reached 32.

The Coagulation Process of Nascent Fibers in PAN Wet-spinning

The evolvement of microstructure and properties of nascent fibers during coagulation process in the polyacrylonitrile （PAN） wet-spinning and the effect of coagulation bath conditions on the structure and properties of the nascent fibers were investigated by the means of X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （SEM）, fiber fineness machine, fiber tensile strength machine, etc. The experimental results indicate that the nascent fibers become denser and have fewer inner defects, the diameter of nascent fibers shrink and the crystallization degree of nascent fibers gradually increases with the increasing of coagulation time. Too large spinning tension leads to grooves occurring on surface of fibers. To obtain circular cross-section of nascent fibers the optimal coagulation conditions are 50 ℃, 65% （concentration） and 0.9 （draw ratio）.

Fabrication of High Toughness Silk Fibroin/Tungsten Disulfide Nanoparticles Hybrid Fiber and Self-Heating Textile by Wet Spinning|

Traditionally,silkworm silk has been used to make high-quality textiles.Nevertheless,various wastes from silk-worm silk textiles that are no longer used are increasing.which is also causing considerable waste and contam-ination.This issue is causing widespread concern in countries that use more silk.Regenerated silk fibroin(RSF)fibers have been shown to be fragile and tender,which prohibits RSF from being widely used as a structural com-ponent.Therefore,enriching the function of silk and enhancing the RSF mechanial properties are important directions to expand the comprehensive utilization of silk products.In the present research,wet spinning was used to create a series of RSF/tungsten disulfide(WS_(2))nanoparticles(NPs)hybrid fiber having distinct WS_(2) nanoparticles concentrations.It was discovered that the temperature of hybrid fibers containing 0.8 wt%RSF/WS_(2) nanoparticles might climb from 20.4℃ to 85.6℃in 1 min and 108.3℃ in 10 min after being exposed to simulated sunlight for a period of one minute and ten minutes.It also had certain antibacterial activity and thermal stability.Fabrics created by hand mixing had outst anding photothermal characteristics under natural sunlight.Further-more,adding WS_(2) nanoparticles might increase the tensile properties of hybrid fibers,which could be caused by the reality that the blending of WS_(2) nanoparticles inhibited the self-assembly of sheets in RSF reaction mixture in a dosage dependent way,as evidenced by the fact that RSF/WSz nanoparticles hybrid fibers had lesser β-sheets material,crystalline nature,and arystalline size.The above performance makes the RSF/WS_(2) nanoparticles hybrid fbers promising candidates for application in photothermal fabrics as well as military dothing.

Effects of electrochemical oxidation on surface and mechanical properties of dry-jet wet spun carbon fibers

The surface of dry-jet wet spun carbon fibers(CFs)is relatively smooth compared with those of wet spun CFs,which results in weak interfacial interactions between the fiber and the polymer resin.A surface functionalization treatment is particularly important to unleash the full potential of the superior mechanical properties of dry-jet wet spun CFs.In this study,the effects of electrochemical oxidation treatment time and current density on the surface structures and the mechanical properties of dry-jet wet spun CFs were investigated.The interlaminar shear strength of the CFs improves significantly from 69 to 84 MPa after 120 s of treatment.Further structural analysis reveals that the improvements are due to the addition of oxygen-containing functional groups and the optimization of the morphology on the surface of the CFs.

Wet-spun poly(ionic liquid)-graphene hybrid fibers for high performance all-solid-state flexible supercapacitors

It is crucial to develop flexible and wearable electronic devices that have attracted tremendous interest due to their merits on compactness,flexibility and high capacitive properties.Herein we report the continuously ordered macroscopic poly(ionic liquid)-graphene fibers by wet spinning method via liquid crystal assembly for supercapacitor application.The fabricated all-solid-state supercapacitors exhibited a high areal capacitance(268.2 mF cm 2)and volumetric capacitance(204.6 F cm 3)with an outstanding areal energy density(9.31μWh cm-2)and volumetric energy density(8.28 mWh cm-3).The fiber supercapacitors demonstrated exceptional cycle life for straight electrodes of about 10,000 cycles(94.2%capacitance retention)and flexibility at different angles(0°,45°,90°,180°)along with a good flexible cycling stability after 6000 cycles(92.7%capacitance retention).To date,such a novel poly(ionic liquid)-graphene fiber supercapacitors would be a new platform in real-time flexible electronics.

铁离子配位聚丙烯酸基芬顿催化纤维的制备及其性能

为改善聚丙烯酸(PAA)纤维的性能,在湿法纺丝过程中基于铁离子配位反应成功制备了可拉伸PAA初生纤维,利用后拉伸以及热定型工艺优化纤维性能,并探究其作为Fenton催化剂在染料废水处理领域的应用。结果表明:相较硫酸铁盐,氯化铁盐配位的PAA纤维具有更为优异的力学性能和尺寸稳定性;后拉伸和热定型工艺可显著提高PAA纤维的力学性能和催化活性,并抑制铁离子的流失,拉伸20倍且在130℃定型的纤维断裂强度为1.42 cN/dtex,与未拉伸纤维相比提高了914.3%,且可在3 min内脱色90%以上的亚甲基蓝(MB),循环使用40次未出现脱色率衰减现象。

PEDOT∶PSS/石墨烯复合纤维的制备及其电化学性能研究

为了更好地实现石墨烯基纤维在柔性可穿戴储能器件领域的应用,采用改进的Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯水分散液与聚(3,4-亚乙二氧基噻吩)-聚(苯乙烯磺酸)(PEDOT∶PSS)分散液制备一定浓度的复合纺丝液;以氯化钙溶液为凝固浴,通过湿法纺丝技术制备不同比例的PEDOT∶PSS/氧化石墨烯复合纤维,经氢碘酸还原获得PEDOT∶PSS/石墨烯复合纤维。对PEDOT∶PSS/石墨烯复合纤维的结构形貌进行表征,PEDOT/PSS质量分数为20%时复合纤维的直径约为95μm,表面具有褶皱卷曲的形貌。以PEDOT∶PSS/石墨烯复合纤维组装柔性超级电容器,在不同凝胶电解质体系中进行电化学性能评价。结果表明,PEDOT∶PSS质量分数为20%的PEDOT∶PSS/石墨烯复合纤维在PVA/H_(2)SO_(4)凝胶电解质体系中的电化学性能最佳;当电流密度为0.14 mA/cm^(-2)时,面积比电容为420.7 mF/cm^(2),能量密度为9.35μW h/cm^(2),表现出良好的电化学性能,可为温湿度计供电,并显现出在智能可穿戴储能器件中的潜在应用前景。

PEDOT∶PSS导电聚合物纤维的制备及热电性能研究

以导电聚合物聚(3,4乙撑二氧噻吩)∶聚(苯乙烯磺酸)(PEDOT∶PSS)为原料,通过添加离子液体调控纤维性能,利用湿法纺丝制备出具有较高机械强度、高导电性和良好热电输出特性的多功能PEDOT∶PSS纤维,并考察了离子液体含量及喷丝头直径对纤维性能的影响。结果表明:离子液体含量为2%(质量分数)时,PEDOT∶PSS纤维断裂强度和电导率分别为196MPa、2054S/cm,功率因数达到80μW/(m·K^(2)),塞贝克系数超过20μV/K,最大功率为3.5nW;随着喷丝头直径的增加,纤维的断裂强度下降但断裂伸长率提高,喷丝头直径为0.25mm时纤维的断裂强度达到254MPa,电导率为2465S/cm;喷丝头直径为0.58mm时纤维断裂伸长率达到23%。

亚麻干纺与湿纺织物服用性能及风格研究

探究亚麻干、湿纺纱对织物服用性能及风格的影响。利用亚麻的长麻湿纺纱、短麻湿纺纱、短麻干纺转杯纱和短麻干纺赛络集聚纱织造了8种亚麻织物,测试了其服用性能和客观风格。结果表明:在服用性能方面,经纬纱均为短麻干纺转杯纱的织物较传统短麻湿纺织物的悬垂系数降低了31.11%,急、缓弹性回复角分别提升了4.14%和12.77%,透气率降低了49.81%,耐磨次数增加了126.67%,经、纬向的断裂强力分别降低了21.17%、42.34%。干、湿纺纱的交织物性能则处于二者之间。在客观风格方面,经纱纬纱均为短麻干纺转杯纱的织物柔顺度和丰满度较优,传统短麻湿纺织物的硬挺度和平展度较好,采用干纺纱与湿纺纱交织的织物则能够在保留传统亚麻织物手感挺括、布面平展的同时提升织物的柔顺度。

基于TPU/CB/PA导电纱线的柔性传感器的制备与性能

为提高镀银尼龙纱线制备的柔性传感器的环境稳定性,提升传感器集成于服装的效率,本文提出新的设计理念:基于同轴湿法纺丝技术制得以尼龙(PA)纱线为芯层、聚氨酯(TPU)和炭黑(CB)复合材料为皮层的芯鞘结构的TPU/CB/PA导电纱线,使用此导电纱线在成品弹性带上缝制方波形、锯齿形两种重复图形,制备5种柔性应变传感器.文章探究了缝制图形的图案、数量、图形间距等参数对传感器性能的影响,结果表明:图案数量增加能提升传感器的稳定性和灵敏度;方波形传感器的稳定性优于锯齿形的;2#传感器样品在0%~10%应变内有良好的线性度和稳定性,具有呼吸监测的潜力.

聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺气凝胶纤维的制备与性能

气凝胶纤维具有良好的柔韧性,其织物在可穿戴保温隔热领域受到了人们高度的关注。聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺(PPTA)具有优异的耐热性、耐化学品腐蚀等性能,是制备气凝胶纤维的理想材料。然而,目前利用PPTA纤维(对位芳纶)的纳米纤维分散液制备气凝胶纤维的过程复杂、耗时且成本高,因此本工作通过合成具有良好可加工性的PPTA溶液,利用湿法纺丝和冷冻干燥工艺制备PPTA气凝胶纤维,极大地简化了工艺流程。实验分析表明,通过改变PPTA溶液的浓度可以有效地控制气凝胶纤维的孔结构及机械强度。当PPTA溶液的质量分数为2%时,制得的气凝胶纤维的孔隙率高达94.5%,断裂强度可达7.8 MPa;除此之外,该气凝胶纤维还具有高的比表面积(291 m2/g)和低的热导率,其织物的热导率为29.65 mW/(m·K)。当PPTA溶液的质量分数为5%时,气凝胶纤维的断裂强度高达20.5 MPa。本工作中所制备的气凝胶纤维具有极高的孔隙率、超低的密度和热导率以及良好的力学性能,为新一代保温隔热纺织品的设计和制造开辟了新的途径。

荧光壳聚糖纤维的制备及性能探讨

以乙酸为溶剂,壳聚糖为原料,铝酸锶掺杂铕和镝(SrAl_(2)O_(4)∶Eu^(2+), Dy^(3+))为荧光分子,NaOH/无水乙醇混合溶液为凝固浴,通过湿法纺丝制备了荧光壳聚糖纤维。研究了壳聚糖浓度、SrAl_(2)O_(4)∶Eu^(2+), Dy^(3+)含量、凝固浴比例纺丝参数变化对荧光壳聚糖纤维的表面形貌、力学性能、荧光性及耐环境稳定性的影响。结果表明,在牵伸速度为28 mm/s,牵伸倍数为1.2的室温条件下,控制壳聚糖浓度为3.5 wt%、SrAl_(2)O_(4)∶Eu^(2+), Dy^(3+)含量为3%、凝固浴(35 wt%NaOH溶液∶无水乙醇)体积比为5∶5,制备的荧光壳聚糖纤维力学性能优,荧光强度高,耐环境稳定性好。

铅铆钉钙钛矿原位生长及荧光纤维湿法纺丝研究

为了提高卤化铅钙钛矿的稳定性,抑制铅离子释放以减小潜在的生物毒性威胁,提出“铅铆钉”生长钙钛矿的创新方法,在晶体生长初期即引入铅离子捕获过程,从源头上解决铅离子泄漏问题,并且通过原子层沉积策略进一步提升其稳定性,使其能够安全适用于荧光湿法纺丝工艺。结果表明:采用铅铆钉策略的钙钛矿纳米粒子即使在完全解离的条件下,依然可以大幅度减少铅离子排放,荧光量子产率达到56.68%,其所制备的荧光纤维连续浸泡5天后的铅离子质量浓度仅为1.58μg/L,达到饮用水使用标准。认为:该方案解决了铅卤钙钛矿在水中的不稳定性问题,并利用湿法纺丝法制备了钙钛矿荧光纤维,表现出优异的荧光稳定性、化学稳定性及生物安全性能,其断裂伸长率达到364.72%,具有优异的纤维韧性和编织性能。

壳聚糖/纤维素纳米晶复合纤维的制备与表征

纤维素纳米晶(CNCs)强力好,可自组装,但其溶液具有高分散性而无法成丝,壳聚糖生物相容性好,其溶液可纺性好,但纤维力学性能差。本文提出用壳聚糖溶液(CS)协助CNCs纺丝,采用湿法纺丝方法制备壳聚糖纤维素纳米晶(CS CNC)复合纤维,并比较共混和同轴两种不同纺丝方法所制备的CS CNC共混纤维和CS CNC皮芯纤维的结构及性能特征。结果表明,相较于纯壳聚糖纤维,CS CNC复合纤维的耐水稳定性有所提高;与CS CNC共混纤维相比,CS CNC皮芯纤维力学性能更好,初始模量高达489.40 cN dtex,断裂伸长率为9.65%,在芯层有连续的手性向列相层状结构,在偏振光下具有明亮有序的虹彩色,有望应用于防伪方面,进一步扩大CNC的应用范围。

石蜡@碳酸钙相变微胶囊在海藻纤维中的应用研究

使用石蜡作为相变的基础材料、碳酸钙为壁材,采用自组装法制备功能良好的相变微胶囊,后与海藻酸钠共混后经湿法纺丝制备具有调温功能的海藻纤维。文章通过对微胶囊制备过程中芯壁质量比、搅拌速率、乳化剂类型及配比等工艺参数优化设计,使用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪研究了微胶囊的表面形貌和结构,热重分析仪、差示扫描量热仪、红外热成像仪等分析了微胶囊和调温纤维的热性能。结果表明,当微胶囊芯壁质量比为1︰1、反应转速为1000 r/min、乳化剂为Span80+Tween80(1︰2)时,可得到粒径均匀、形貌良好、具有优异热性能的相变微胶囊;将其与4%的海藻酸钠、2%的PVA混合得到纺丝原液,经湿法纺丝可制备出良好调温功能的海藻纤维。

杂环芳纶基气凝胶纤维的制备与性能研究

以5(6)-氨基-2-(4-氨基苯)苯并咪唑(PABZ)、对苯二甲酰氯(TPC)为原料合成含有咪唑基团的杂环芳纶聚合物(PABI),然后以PABI/金属钴离子(Co^(2+))溶液作为纺丝液,质量比为955的N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)/过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))混合溶液作为凝固浴,通过氧化还原湿法纺丝和冷冻干燥制得PABI基气凝胶纤维,研究了不同固含量(以质量分数计)的PABI/Co^(2+)纺丝液制备的气凝胶纤维的化学结构、微观形貌、比表面积和孔结构、力学性能、热稳定性。结果表明:PABI和Co^(2+)之间的弱配位相互作用使纺丝溶液具有良好的流动性和可纺性,能快速均匀地氧化成具有均匀三维交联网络结构的纤维,且网络结构比较密实;当纺丝液中咪唑基团/Co^(2+)摩尔比为7:1时,PABI/Co^(2+)纺丝液的损耗模量和储能模量均较大,可提供较佳的交联点密度,以保持气凝胶纤维均匀的介孔结构和高的强度;当PABI/Co^(2+)纺丝液固含量为6%时,制备得到的气凝胶纤维的比表面积为127.51 m^(2)/g,孔隙率为81.41%,拉伸强度为(11.19±0.47)MPa,具有较高的孔隙率、比表面积及良好的力学性能;气凝胶纤维的最大热分解温度为554.58℃,与PABI接近,且热分解残碳含量高于PABI,具有较好的热稳定性。

弹性导电复合纤维的制备及其应变与温度传感性能

为满足柔性可穿戴传感器的多功能传感需求,实现应变和温度传感具有重大的意义。采用湿法纺丝技术制备聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)-聚苯乙烯磺酸(PEDOT:PSS)/银纳米线(AgNWs)/聚氨酯(PU)弹性复合导电纤维,研究其拉伸应变传感性能和温度传感性能。结果表明:当AgNWs质量分数为20%,(PEDOT:PSS)与PU质量比为1∶3时,纤维热电性能达到最佳,电导率为47.4 S/cm,塞贝克系数为13.8μV/K,功率因数为902.7 nW/(m·K^(2)),此外,该弹性导电复合纤维具有良好的力学性能,断裂伸长率可达800%,能够检测0%~90%的应变范围,并在100次循环拉伸/回复下依旧保持良好稳定性;同时可将其作为温度传感器,快速检测人体与环境温度。

湿法纺丝制备PAN/相变微胶囊复合相变纤维及其性能研究

以聚脲包覆正十八烷形成相变微胶囊(MPCM)乳液作为相变改性剂,与聚丙烯腈(PAN)共混制备纺丝原液,通过湿法纺丝制备不同MPCM含量的PAN/MPCM复合相变纤维,分析了MPCM乳液的化学结构、粒径分布、热性能及热稳定性,研究了相变纤维的表面形貌、热性能、结晶性能、力学性能及热循环性能。结果表明:MPCM乳液固体粒子粒径分布均一,平均粒径为634.3 nm,在31.4℃和20.3℃发生相变现象,相变焓值可达166.0 J/g,具有良好的相变性能,且热稳定性较好;相变纤维粗细均匀,直径为175μm左右,随着MPCM含量的增加,纤维表面变得不光滑且有明显凸起的微胶囊小球;随着MPCM含量的增加,相变纤维的热性能明显提高,结晶性能及力学性能也有所提高;当MPCM质量分数为8.7%时,相变纤维的熔化温度为29.3℃,凝固温度为22.1℃,熔化焓为44.1 J/g,凝固焓为44.1 J/g,具有良好的热性能,且经50次热循环后的相变温度及相变焓值与经1次热循环后的基本保持一致,具有良好的热循环稳定性;当MPCM质量分数为8.7%时,相变纤维的断裂强度为0.52 cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为35.01%,模量为1.19 GPa。