Tool Wear State Recognition with Deep Transfer Learning Based on Spindle Vibration for Milling Process

The wear of metal cutting tools will progressively rise as the cutting time goes on. Wearing heavily on the toolwill generate significant noise and vibration, negatively impacting the accuracy of the forming and the surfaceintegrity of the workpiece. Hence, during the cutting process, it is imperative to continually monitor the tool wearstate andpromptly replace anyheavilyworn tools toguarantee thequality of the cutting.The conventional tool wearmonitoring models, which are based on machine learning, are specifically built for the intended cutting conditions.However, these models require retraining when the cutting conditions undergo any changes. This method has noapplication value if the cutting conditions frequently change. This manuscript proposes a method for monitoringtool wear basedonunsuperviseddeep transfer learning. Due to the similarity of the tool wear process under varyingworking conditions, a tool wear recognitionmodel that can adapt to both current and previous working conditionshas been developed by utilizing cutting monitoring data from history. To extract and classify cutting vibrationsignals, the unsupervised deep transfer learning network comprises a one-dimensional (1D) convolutional neuralnetwork (CNN) with a multi-layer perceptron (MLP). To achieve distribution alignment of deep features throughthe maximum mean discrepancy algorithm, a domain adaptive layer is embedded in the penultimate layer of thenetwork. A platformformonitoring tool wear during endmilling has been constructed. The proposedmethod wasverified through the execution of a full life test of end milling under multiple working conditions with a Cr12MoVsteel workpiece. Our experiments demonstrate that the transfer learning model maintains a classification accuracyof over 80%. In comparisonwith the most advanced tool wearmonitoring methods, the presentedmodel guaranteessuperior performance in the target domains.

Experimental and Theoretical Investigation on Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer Coupled Charge Transfer Reaction of Baicalein

The excited state intramolecular proton transfer （ESIPT） coupled charge transfer of baicalein has been investigated using steady-state spectroscopic experiment and quantum chemistry calculations. The absence of the absorption peak from S1 excited state both in the experi-mental and calculated absorption spectra indicates that S1 is a dark state. The dark excited state S1 results in the very weak fluorescence of solid baicalein in the experiment. The fron- tier molecular orbital and the charge difference densities of baicalein show clearly that the S1 state is a charge-transfer state whereas the S2 state is a locally excited state. The only one stationary point on the potential energy profile of excited state suggests that the ESIPT reaction of baicalein is a barrierless process.

Excited-State Proton Transfer and Decay in Hydrogen-Bonded Oxazole System： MS-CASPT2//CASSCF Study

Herein we have employed high-level multi-reference CASSCF and MS-CASPT2 electronic structure methods to systematically study the photochemical mechanism of intramolecularly hydrogen-bonded 2-（2＇-hydroxyphenyl）-4-methyloxazole. At the CASSCF level, we have optimized minima, conical intersections, minimum-energy reaction paths relevant to the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer （ESIPT）, rotation, photoisomerization, and the excited-state deactivation pathways. The energies of all structures and paths are refined by the MS-CASPT2 method. On the basis of the present results, we found that the ESIPT process in a conformer with the OH... N hydrogen bond is essentially barrierless process; whereas, the ESIPT process is inhibited in the other conformer with the OH... O hydrogen bond. The central single-bond rotation of the S1 enol species is energetically unfavorable due to a large barrier. In addition, the excited-state deactivation of the S1 keto species, as a result of the ultrafast ESIPT, is very efficient because of the existence of two easily-approached keto S1/S0 conical intersections. In stark contrast to the S1 keto species, the decay of the S1 enol species is almostly blocked. The present theoretical study contributes valuable knowledge to the understanding of photochemistry of similar intramolecularly hydrogen-bonded molecular and biological systems.

High entanglement generation and high fidelity quantum state transfer in a non-Markovian environment

This paper analyses a system of two independent qubits off-resonantly coupled to a common non-Maxkovian reservoir at zero temperature. Compared with the results in Markovian reservoirs, we find that much higher values of entanglement can be obtained for an initially factorized state of the two-qubit system. The maximal value of the entanglement increases as the detuning grows. Moreover, the entanglement induced by non-Maxkovian environments is more robust against the asymmetrical couplings between the two qubits and the reservoir. Based on this system, we also show that quantum state transfer can be implemented for arbitrary input states with high fidelity in the non-Markovian regime rather than the Markovian case in which only some particular input states can be successfully transferred.

A scheme for transferring an unknown atomic entangled state via cavity quantum electrodynamics

In this paper, we propose a scheme for transferring an unknown atomic entangled state via cavity quantum electrodynamics （QED）. This scheme, which has a successful probability of 100 percent, does not require Bell-state measurement and performing any operations to reconstruct an initial state. Meanwhile, the scheme only involves atomfield interaction with a large detuning and does not require the transfer of quantum information between the atoms and cavity. Thus the scheme is insensitive to the cavity field states and cavity decay. This scheme can also be extended to transfer ring an entangled state of n-atom.

Quantum state transfer between atomic ensembles trapped in separate cavities via adiabatic passage

We propose a new approach for quantum state transfer（QST） between atomic ensembles separately trapped in two distant cavities connected by an optical fiber via adiabatic passage. The three-level Λ-type atoms in each ensemble dispersively interact with the nonresonant classical field and cavity mode. By choosing appropriate parameters of the system, the effective Hamiltonian describes two atomic ensembles interacting with ＂the same cavity mode＂ and has a dark state. Consequently, the QST between atomic ensembles can be implemented via adiabatic passage. Numerical calculations show that the scheme is robust against moderate fluctuations of the experimental parameters. In addition, the effect of decoherence can be suppressed effectively. The idea provides a scalable way to an atomic-ensemble-based quantum network, which may be reachable with currently available technology.

Effect of disturbance in perfect state transfer

The influence of the disturbance caused by the imperfection of the engineering coupling constants in the perfect state transfer is calculated. The results show that the fidelity for the perfect state transfer is seriously affected by the errors occurring near the input and output spins. Such results are helpful for the realization of the perfect state transfer in the case where there exist errors in experiments.

Perfect Transfer of Many-Particle Quantum State via High-Dimensional Systems with Spectrum-Matched Symmetry

The quantum state transmission through the medium of high-dimensional many-particle system （boson or spinless fermion） is generally studied with a symmetry analysis. We discover that, if the spectrum of a Hamiltonian matches the symmetry of a fermion or boson system in a certain fashion, a perfect quantum state transfer can be implemented without any operation on the medium with pre-engineered nearest neighbor （NN）. We also study a simple but realistic near half-filled tight-bindlng fermion system wlth uniform NN hopping integral. We show that an arbitrary many-particle state near the fermi surface can be perfectly transferred to its translational counterpart.

Transferring a Multi-atom Entangled State via Adiabatic Passage

We present a scheme for transferring atomic entangled states via adiabatic passage. In the scheme, we use photons to achieve efficient quantum transmission among spatially distant atoms. The probability of the successful transferring quantum state approaches 1. Meanwhile, the scheme is robust against the effects of atomic spontaneous emission.

Fast achievement of quantum state transfer and distributed quantum entanglement by dressed states

We propose schemes to realize quantum state transfer and prepare quantum entanglement in coupled cavity and cavity-fiber-cavity systems,respectively,by using the dressed state method.We first give the expression of pulses shape by using dressed states and then find a group of Gaussian pulses that are easy to realize in experiment to replace the ideal pulses by curve fitting.We also study the influence of some parameters fluctuation,atomic spontaneous emission,and photon leakage on fidelity.The results show that our schemes have good robustness.Because the atoms are trapped in different cavities,it is easy to perform different operations on different atoms.The proposed schemes have the potential applications in dressed states for distributed quantum information processing tasks.

An Alternative Scheme for Transferring Quantum States and Preparing a Quantum Network in Cavity QED

An alternative scheme is proposed to transfer quantum states and prepare a quantum network in cavity QED. It is based on the interaction of a two-mode cavity field with a three-level V-type atom. In the scheme, the atom-cavity field interaction is resonant, thus the time required to complete the quantum state transfer process is greatly shortened, which is very important in view of decoherence. Moreover, the present scheme does not require one mode of the cavities to be initially prepared in one-photon state, thus it is more experimentally feasible than the previous ones.

First Principles Probing of Photo-Generated Intermolecular Charge Transfer State in Conjugated Oligomers

We perform density functional theory calculations to investigate the polaron pair （charge transfer state） photo-generation in donor-acceptor oligomer methyl-capped （4,7- benzo[2,1,3]thiadiazole-2,6-（4,4-bis（2-ethylhexyl）-4H-cyclopent a[1,2-b;3,4-b＇]dithiophene-4, 7-benzo[2,1,3]thiadiazole） （CPDTBT）. Results show that effective photo-generation of charge transfer state can happen in CPDTBT dimer when the group 4,7-benzo[2,1,3]thiadiazole （BT） in one monomer deviates against the conjugated plane （onset torsion angle is about 20°）. The lower excitation energy （530 nm） can only generate the intramolecular excitonic state, while the higher excitation energy （370 nm） can generate the intermolecular charge transfer state, in good agreement with the experiment. Moreover, the mechanism of charge separation in CPDTBT oligorners is discussed.

Controlling Quantum State Transfer in Spin Chain with Confined Field

As a demonstration of the spectrum-parity matching condition （SPMC） for quantum state transfer, we investigate the propagation of single-magnon state in the Heisenberg chain in the confined external tangent magnetic field analytically and numerically. It shows that the initial Gaussian wave packet can be retrieved at the counterpart location near-perfectly over a longer distance if the dispersion relation of the system meets the SPMC approximately.

A Method for Transferring an Unknown Quantum State and Its Application

We suggest a method for transferring an unknown quantum state. In this method the sender Alice first applies a controlled-not operation on the particle in the unknown quantum state and an ancillary particle which she wants to send to the receiver Bob. Then she sends the ancillary particle to Bob. When Alice is informed by Bob that the ancillary particle is received, she performs a local measurement on her particle and sends Bob the outcome of the local measurement via a classical channel. Depending on the outcome Bob can restore the unknown quantum state, which Alice destroyed, on the ancillary particle successfully. As an application of this method we propose a quantum secure direct communication protocol. By introducing the decoy qubits the security of the scheme is guaranteed.

Quantum state transfer via adiabatic passage

Based on adiabatic passage, we propose a scheme for implementing the quantum transfer of an unknown atomic state. In our scheme, we utilize photons for ideal quantum transmission between two cavities with the successful probability being about 1. Meanwhile, the scheme is robust against the effects of atomic spontaneous emission. It may be useful for transferring quantum information among spatially distant atoms.

Ab initio investigation of excited state dual hydrogen bonding interactions and proton transfer mechanism for novel oxazoline compound

Owing to the importance of excited state dynamical relaxation, the excited state intramolecular proton transfer(ESIPT) mechanism for a novel compound containing dual hydrogen bond(abbreviated as "1-enol") is studied in this work.Using density functional theory(DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory(TDDFT) method, the experimental electronic spectra can be reproduced for 1-enol compound. We first verify the formation of dual intramolecular hydrogen bonds, and then confirm that the dual hydrogen bond should be strengthened in the first excited state. The photo-excitation process is analyzed by using frontier molecular orbital(HOMO and LUMO) for 1-enol compound. The obvious intramolecular charge transfer(ICT) provides the driving force to effectively facilitate the ESIPT process in the S1 state. Exploration of the constructed S0-state and S1-state potential energy surface(PES) reveals that only the excited state intramolecular single proton transfer occurs for 1-enol system, which makes up for the deficiencies in previous experiment.

Transferring an N-atom state between two distant cavities via an optical fiber

This paper proposes a scheme for transferring an N-atom state between two distant cavities via an optical fiber. The scheme is based on adiabatic passage along a dark state. In the scheme, all the atoms are always in ground state, the field mode of the fiber remains in vacuum state, and the field mode of the cavities being excited can be negligible under certain conditions. Therefore, the scheme is very robust against decoherence. The successful probability of implementing the quantum state transfer increases with increasing number of atoms. Furthermore, the interaction time does not need to be accurately adjusted as long as the adiabaticity condition is fulfilled.

The substituent effect on the excited state intramolecular proton transfer of 3-hydroxychromone

The excited state intramolecular proton transfer of four derivatives(FM, BFM, BFBC, CCM) of 3-hydroxychromone is investigated.The geometries of different substituents are optimized to study the substituent effects on proton transfer.The mechanism of hydrogen bond enhancement is qualitatively elucidated by comparing the infrared spectra, the reduced density gradient, and the frontier molecular orbitals.The calculated electronic spectra are consistent with the experimental results.To quantify the proton transfer, the potential energy curves(PECs) of the four derivatives in S0 and S1 states are scanned.It is concluded that the ability of proton transfer follows the order: FM > BFM > BFBC > CCM.

High-dimensional quantum state transfer in a noisy network environment

We propose and analyze an efficient high-dimensional quantum state transfer protocol in an XX coupling spin network with a hypercube structure or chain structure. Under free spin wave approximation, unitary evolution results in a perfect high-dimensional quantum swap operation requiring neither external manipulation nor weak coupling. Evolution time is independent of either distance between registers or dimensions of sent states, which can improve the computational efficiency. In the low temperature regime and thermodynamic limit, the decoherence caused by a noisy environment is studied with a model of an antiferromagnetic spin bath coupled to quantum channels via an Ising-type interaction. It is found that while the decoherence reduces the fidelity of state transfer, increasing intra-channel coupling can strongly suppress such an effect. These observations demonstrate the robustness of the proposed scheme.

Optomechanical state transfer between two distant membranes in the presence of non-Markovian environments

The quantum state transfer between two membranes in coupled cavities is studied when the system is surrounded by non-Markovian environments. An analytical approach for describing non-Markovian memory effects that impact on the state transfer between distant membranes is presented. We show that quantum state transfer can be implemented with high efficiency by utilizing the experimental spectral density, and the performance of state transfer in non-Markovian environments is much better than that in Markovian environments, especially when the tunneling strength between the two cavities is not very large.