As one of the basic inventory cost models, the （Q, τ）inventory cost model of dual suppliers with random procurement lead time is mostly formulated by using the concepts of ＂effective lead time＂ and ＂lead time de...As one of the basic inventory cost models, the （Q, τ）inventory cost model of dual suppliers with random procurement lead time is mostly formulated by using the concepts of ＂effective lead time＂ and ＂lead time demand＂, which may lead to an imprecise inventory cost. Through the real-time statistic of the inventory quantities, this paper considers the precise （Q, τ） inventory cost model of dual supplier procurement by using an infinitesimal dividing method. The traditional modeling method of the inventory cost for dual supplier procurement includes complex procedures. To reduce the complexity effectively, the presented method investigates the statistics properties in real-time of the inventory quantities with the application of the infinitesimal dividing method. It is proved that the optimal holding and shortage costs of dual supplier procurement are less than those of single supplier procurement respectively. With the assumption that both suppliers have the same distribution of lead times, the convexity of the cost function per unit time is proved. So the optimal solution can be easily obtained by applying the classical convex optimization methods. The numerical examples are given to verify the main conclusions.展开更多
针对传统模型在机组负荷预测中无法充分捕获内部多变量演化模式的问题,提出了一种基于时间序列的趋势和数值信息融合的双重回声状态网络Dual-ESN(dual-echo state network)机组负荷动态预测模型。首先,引入最小二乘法,对相关的多元历史...针对传统模型在机组负荷预测中无法充分捕获内部多变量演化模式的问题,提出了一种基于时间序列的趋势和数值信息融合的双重回声状态网络Dual-ESN(dual-echo state network)机组负荷动态预测模型。首先,引入最小二乘法,对相关的多元历史信息按照局部时间跨度进行趋势拟合。进一步,得到有关过程变化的模式序列,并和原本的数值分别被送入两个独立的储备池,以并行的时间维度进行特征学习。其次,将隐层的高维空间状态送入输出层,融合信息,得到所需要的预测结果。最后,基于山西某工厂660 MW机组装置的真实数据集,进行验证。对比已有预测方法,结果表明所提预测模型在多种性能指标上均有提升。展开更多
The main purpose of this paper is to develop a gridless method for unsteady flow simulation. A quadrantal point infilling strategy is developed to generate point and combine clouds of points automatically. A point-mov...The main purpose of this paper is to develop a gridless method for unsteady flow simulation. A quadrantal point infilling strategy is developed to generate point and combine clouds of points automatically. A point-moving algorithm is introduced to ensure the clouds of points following the movements of bodyboundaries. A dual time method for solving the two-dimenslonal Euler equations in Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian （ALE） formulation is presented. Dual time method allows the real-time step to be chosen on the basis of accuracy rather than stability. It also permits the acceleration techniques, which are commonly used to speed up steady flow calculations, to be used when marching the equations in pseudo time. The spatial derivatives, which are used to estimating the inviscid flux, are directly approximated by using local least-squares curve method. An explicit multistage Runge-Kutta algorithm is used to advance the flow equations in pseudo time. In order to accelerate the solution to convergence, local time stepping technique and residual averaging are employed. The results of NACA0012 airfoil in transonic steady flow are presented to verify the accuracy of the present spatial discretization method. Finally, two AGARD standard test cases in which NACA0012 airfoil and NACA64A010 airfoil oscillate in transonic flow are simulated. The computational results are compared with the experimental data to demonstrate the validity and practicality of the presented method.展开更多
考虑配电网不同区域之间的差异性与耦合性,提出一种基于区域解耦的时空双尺度电动汽车优化调度方法。首先,综合考虑分区的电气特性、生产生活特性以及电动汽车出行特性,提出一种新的基于图论法的配电网络分区方法;接着,提出一种时空双...考虑配电网不同区域之间的差异性与耦合性,提出一种基于区域解耦的时空双尺度电动汽车优化调度方法。首先,综合考虑分区的电气特性、生产生活特性以及电动汽车出行特性,提出一种新的基于图论法的配电网络分区方法;接着,提出一种时空双尺度的电动汽车分层调度方法。上层为时间尺度的调度,以最小化系统峰谷差和负荷方差为目标,通过优化调度得到配电网各时段的电动汽车最优充放电数目;下层为空间尺度的调度,结合上层优化结果,针对不同区域间电动汽车负荷的差异性,分别在商业区构建考虑充电站拥挤度的动态电价调度模型,在居民区和办公区构建考虑用户意愿指数的动态电价调度模型。最后,针对区域间复杂耦合性造成优化模型难以求解的问题,建立基于信赖域的改进乘子交替方向–序列二次规划(alternating direction method of multipliers-successive quadratic programming,ADMM-SQP)算法,并对各个区域的子模型解耦后并行求解。为验证所提方法的有效性,基于IEEE33节点构建仿真模型,结果表明,所提优化方法能够实现多个区域电动汽车的协调优化调度。展开更多
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(2007AA04Z102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6087407160574077).
文摘As one of the basic inventory cost models, the （Q, τ）inventory cost model of dual suppliers with random procurement lead time is mostly formulated by using the concepts of ＂effective lead time＂ and ＂lead time demand＂, which may lead to an imprecise inventory cost. Through the real-time statistic of the inventory quantities, this paper considers the precise （Q, τ） inventory cost model of dual supplier procurement by using an infinitesimal dividing method. The traditional modeling method of the inventory cost for dual supplier procurement includes complex procedures. To reduce the complexity effectively, the presented method investigates the statistics properties in real-time of the inventory quantities with the application of the infinitesimal dividing method. It is proved that the optimal holding and shortage costs of dual supplier procurement are less than those of single supplier procurement respectively. With the assumption that both suppliers have the same distribution of lead times, the convexity of the cost function per unit time is proved. So the optimal solution can be easily obtained by applying the classical convex optimization methods. The numerical examples are given to verify the main conclusions.
文摘针对传统模型在机组负荷预测中无法充分捕获内部多变量演化模式的问题,提出了一种基于时间序列的趋势和数值信息融合的双重回声状态网络Dual-ESN(dual-echo state network)机组负荷动态预测模型。首先,引入最小二乘法,对相关的多元历史信息按照局部时间跨度进行趋势拟合。进一步,得到有关过程变化的模式序列,并和原本的数值分别被送入两个独立的储备池,以并行的时间维度进行特征学习。其次,将隐层的高维空间状态送入输出层,融合信息,得到所需要的预测结果。最后,基于山西某工厂660 MW机组装置的真实数据集,进行验证。对比已有预测方法,结果表明所提预测模型在多种性能指标上均有提升。
文摘The main purpose of this paper is to develop a gridless method for unsteady flow simulation. A quadrantal point infilling strategy is developed to generate point and combine clouds of points automatically. A point-moving algorithm is introduced to ensure the clouds of points following the movements of bodyboundaries. A dual time method for solving the two-dimenslonal Euler equations in Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian （ALE） formulation is presented. Dual time method allows the real-time step to be chosen on the basis of accuracy rather than stability. It also permits the acceleration techniques, which are commonly used to speed up steady flow calculations, to be used when marching the equations in pseudo time. The spatial derivatives, which are used to estimating the inviscid flux, are directly approximated by using local least-squares curve method. An explicit multistage Runge-Kutta algorithm is used to advance the flow equations in pseudo time. In order to accelerate the solution to convergence, local time stepping technique and residual averaging are employed. The results of NACA0012 airfoil in transonic steady flow are presented to verify the accuracy of the present spatial discretization method. Finally, two AGARD standard test cases in which NACA0012 airfoil and NACA64A010 airfoil oscillate in transonic flow are simulated. The computational results are compared with the experimental data to demonstrate the validity and practicality of the presented method.
文摘考虑配电网不同区域之间的差异性与耦合性,提出一种基于区域解耦的时空双尺度电动汽车优化调度方法。首先,综合考虑分区的电气特性、生产生活特性以及电动汽车出行特性,提出一种新的基于图论法的配电网络分区方法;接着,提出一种时空双尺度的电动汽车分层调度方法。上层为时间尺度的调度,以最小化系统峰谷差和负荷方差为目标,通过优化调度得到配电网各时段的电动汽车最优充放电数目;下层为空间尺度的调度,结合上层优化结果,针对不同区域间电动汽车负荷的差异性,分别在商业区构建考虑充电站拥挤度的动态电价调度模型,在居民区和办公区构建考虑用户意愿指数的动态电价调度模型。最后,针对区域间复杂耦合性造成优化模型难以求解的问题,建立基于信赖域的改进乘子交替方向–序列二次规划(alternating direction method of multipliers-successive quadratic programming,ADMM-SQP)算法,并对各个区域的子模型解耦后并行求解。为验证所提方法的有效性,基于IEEE33节点构建仿真模型,结果表明,所提优化方法能够实现多个区域电动汽车的协调优化调度。
