Raman signal enhancement for gas detection using a dual near-concentric cavities group

Effective methods are urgently required to optimize Raman spectroscopy technology to ameliorate its low detection sensitivity.Here,we superposed two near-concentric cavities to develop a dual near-concentric cavities group(DNCCG)to assess its effect on gas Raman signal intensity,signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),and limit of detection(LOD).The results showed that DNCCG generally had higher CO_(2) Raman signal intensity than the sum of two near-concentric cavities.Meanwhile,the noise intensity of DNCCG was not enhanced by the superposition of near-concentric cavities.Accordingly,DNCCG increased the SNR.The LOD for CO_(2) was 24.6 parts per million.DNCCG could be an effective method to improve the detection capability of trace gases and broaden the dynamic detection range,which might aid the future development of innovative technology for multicomponent gas detection.

双排凹腔燃烧室释热区转移过程中的特性研究

为探究多凹腔燃烧室前后排凹腔释热区转移过程中的演化特性,利用直连台在Ma=3.0条件下进行总当量比(φT)不变,前排凹腔当量比(φ1)增加,后排凹腔当量比(φ2)降低的试验。φ1较低时,前排凹腔为凹腔剪切层稳焰,后排凹腔为射流尾迹稳焰。当φ1增加到一定值,前排凹腔火焰由凹腔剪切层稳焰转换为射流尾迹稳焰,致使沿程压力出现突变。由于φ1较低,当地释热不足以维持火焰为射流尾迹稳焰,前后排凹腔燃烧耦合使得前排凹腔火焰在两种稳焰模式之间切换。φ1继续增加,前排凹腔的释热使火焰稳定在射流尾迹稳焰。之后φ1继续增加,前排凹腔火焰出现不对称的情况,这种不对称是随机的,且随着当量比的增加变得更加明显且持续时间更长。φ1继续增加使得前排凹腔出现火焰闪回现象。

水平井缝洞储层双侧向测井响应数值模拟分析

缝洞是碳酸盐岩储集体最主要的储集空间,正确认识缝洞储层双侧向测井响应规律,对于利用双侧向测井资料准确评价缝洞具有重要作用。应用三维有限元法结合COMSOL软件对等效缝洞地层模型进行双侧向测井响应数值模拟,分析了水平井条件下洞穴尺寸、洞穴充填物和基岩对双侧向测井响应的影响。分析结果表明:1)对于单一充填洞穴,不同角度过井眼洞穴双侧向电阻率测井响应特征完全一致;2)随着洞穴半径增大,深侧向和浅侧向测井视电阻率值迅速下降,且深侧向电阻率值大于浅侧向的,两者呈明显正差异;3)深侧向和浅侧向测井响应均随基岩电阻率增大而增大;随着洞穴半径增大,浅侧向测井响应随基岩电阻率变化的幅度变小;4)对于双层充填洞穴,深浅双侧向电阻率在填充物界面处受井斜角的影响较大。深侧向电阻率在低阻介质一侧随井斜角增大而增大,在高阻介质一侧随井斜角增大而减小。浅侧向电阻率在高阻介质中随井斜角增大而减小,而在低阻介质中,浅侧向电阻率受洞穴尺寸和井斜角的影响较复杂。水平井条件下,深、浅双侧向电阻率都无法区分不同填充物电阻率,而是反映介于2种填充物电阻率之间的单一介质电阻率。

双Fabry-Perot干涉腔型光纤声发射传感器

设计了一种新型的双Fabry-Perot腔光纤传感器用于材料损伤引起的声发射信号检测。基于低细度Fabry-Perot腔多光束干涉原理,建立了光纤Fabry-Perot传感器检测声发射信号的数学模型。分析双Fabry-Perot腔正交点稳定工作机制,设计并制作了具有双Fabry-Perot腔结构的光纤声发射传感器来保持传感器正交点的稳定性。通过模拟AE信号检测与热应力干扰实验对设计的传感器进行了实验验证。实验一通过冲击振动与折断铅笔芯产生两类模拟声发射信号,使用商用的压电传感器和光纤传感器进行对比实验,结果表明光纤传感器能够成功检测到两类模拟声发射信号,灵敏度为12.9nm,带宽达到30kHz。实验二对传感器进行工作点稳定测试,结果表明双F-P腔的控制机制能够保证传感器工作在正交点,解决了传感器输出信号衰减的问题。

100 GHz双频带通腔体滤波器的设计及制作工艺研究

针对当前双频或多频带通滤波器主要以30 GHz以内的工作范围为主,在高频毫米波范围内以单频超宽带设计为主这一现象,设计出一款可以在100 GHz~103 GHz工作范围内存在两个超窄带工作带宽的双频腔体滤波器。两个工作频段分别为100.67 GHz~101.36 GHz和102.67 GHz~102.78 GHz,与之对应的相对带宽分别为0.68%和0.11%。所设计腔体滤波器采用UV-LIGA工艺完成其样品的制备,并使用由矢量网络分析仪和扩频模块所搭建的测试平台完成测试,经测试,相对带宽的绝对误差分别为0.19%和0.02%。

Dual-band simultaneous lasing in MOFs single crystals with Fabry-Perot microcavities

Multi-band microlasers based on single microcrystalline materials with Fabry-Perot(F-P) cavities are critically and technologically essential. Here, we demonstrate simultaneous dual-band lasing output(615 and 685 nm) in metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) and organic dyes hybrid single crystals, which support F-P resonances. Through a two-step assembly strategy, two different types of cationic pyridinium hemicyanine dye molecules can be encapsulated into the channel pores of anionic bioMOF-1-2 Me successfully. In addition, the employment of the host-guest system significantly increases the dye loading, enhances luminescent efficiency, and diminishes the aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ) effect in the resultant MOFs/dye composites.This finding not only combines the characteristic of MOFs materials with excellent luminescent properties of organic dyes, but also points out a simple and promising strategy to design multi-band microlasers based on F-P mechanism, opening a low-cost avenue for the rational design of miniaturized lasers in the future.

Dual-cavity beam arrival time monitor design for the Shanghai soft X-ray FEL facility

Free electron lasers provide high-power and ultrashort pulses with extreme brightness. In order to improve a facility's capabilities and explore the possibility of performing high-resolution time-resolved experiments, a beam arrival time resolution under 100 fs is required. In this article, a novel beam arrival time monitor(BAM)equipped with two cavities has been designed and a beam flight time measurement scheme based on the BAM prototype has been proposed to estimate phase jitter in the signal measurement system. The two BAM cavities work at different frequencies and the frequency difference is designed to be 35 MHz. Therefore, a self-mixing intermediate frequency signal can be generated using the two cavities. The measured beam flight time shows a temporal deviation of 37 fs(rms).

Surface Plasmon Interference Lithography Assisted by a Fabry-Perot Cavity Composed of Subwavelength Metal Grating and Thin Metal Film

A surface plasmon interference lithography assisted by a Fabry-Perot （F-P） cavity composed of subwavelength metal gratings and a thin metal fihn is proposed to fabricate high-quality nanopatterns. The calculated results indicate that uniform straight interference fringes with high contrast and high electric-field intensity are formed in the resist under the F-P cavity. The analyses of spatial frequency spectra illuminate the physical mechanism of the formation for the interference fringes. The influence of the F-P cavity spacing is discussed in detail. Moreover, the error analyses reveal that all parameters except the metal grating period in this scheme can bear large tolerances for the device fabrication.

Diode-pumped tunable laser with dual Cr：LiSAF rods

We propose and demonstrate a simple approach to lower the thermal quenching effect and improve the output power of Cr：LiSAF lasers, which is accomplished by employing two laser rods. The resonator contains two laser rods and is designed by using two ＂X＂ folding cavities in cascade. A tunable laser output of ～ 180 mW has been achieved with the pump of single-striped laser diodes. Compared with lasers using single gain rod, the laser with dual rods shows less severe thermal effect and increases the output by more than two times.

Application of Wavelet Transform in Dual-differential Optical Fiber F-P Interferometric Micro-displacement Measurement System

Based on dual-differential comparing principle, an experimental system of optical fiber F-P interferometric micro-displacement measurement is introduced. It is capable of achieving the absolute displacement measurement, and wavelet transforms is adopted as theory fundament to extract the optical F-P interferometric characteristic signal and remove the noise, so its resolution can reach 0. 01 μm in the dynamic range of 0～ 1 mm.

An Ultraviolet Fiber Fabry-Perot Cavity for Florescence Collection of Trapped Ions

We demonstrate a fiber Fabry-Pérot cavity in the ultraviolet range, which covers the florescence wavelength for the 2P to 2S transition of Yb and is designed in the bad cavity limit for florescence collection. Benefiting from both the small cavity mode volume and the large atom dipole, a cavity with moderate finesse and high transmission still supports a good cooperativity, which is made and tested in experiment. Based on the measured experimental parameters, simulation performed on the cavity and ion shows a Purcell factor better than 2.5 and a single-mode fiber collection efficiency over 10%. This technology can support ultra-bright single photon sources based on trapped ions and can provide the possibility to link remote atoms as a quantum network.

Improved Directivity of an OAM Antenna by a Fabry-Perot Cavity: An Experimental Study

The circular phased antenna array is commonly used for generating waves bearing Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) in the radio frequency band, but it achieves a relatively low directivity. To overcome this drawback, we present here a method to improve the directivity of an OAM circular phased antenna array by embedding it inside a Fabry-Perot cavity. The Fabry-Perot cavity contains three main parts: a partially reflecting surface (PRS), an air cavity and a ground plane. Simulation data show that the directivity of this new OAM antenna achieves an improvement of 8.2 dB over the original array. A prototype is realized and characterized. The simulated and measured characteristics are in good agreement.

塔河油田缝洞型油藏耐高温耐高盐强化泡沫体系研制与性能评价

塔河油田缝洞型油藏实施氮气驱后面临单向受效、气窜等突出问题。为有效控制气窜及扩大波及体积,研制了新型耐高温耐高盐强化泡沫体系——双重交联高分子凝胶泡沫体系,并在塔河油田东部老区开展了强化泡沫复合氮气驱试验。室内实验和矿场试验表明:新型强化泡沫体系采用0.3%阴-非/阴离子复合型协同增效起泡体系和0.7%高分子凝胶稳泡体系合成,凝胶大分子团聚体在泡沫液膜上发生二次交联,形成双重交联高分子凝胶泡沫体系。该强化泡沫体系能在温度为140℃、矿化度为240 g/L、含油饱和度为50%的条件下强稳定,满足了塔河油田缝洞型油藏地质条件的需求。矿场实施强化泡沫复合氮气驱试验10井次,其中9井次有效控制了气窜并扩大了波及体积,增产效果显著,从而证实强化泡沫复合氮气驱技术是一项可行的适用于缝洞型油藏的提高采收率技术。

Output Characteristics of Narrow No-Gain Competition Linewidth Dual-Wavelength Laser at 912 nm and 1064 nm

The output characteristics of a narrow linewidth, no-gain competition, dual-wavelength solid-state laser using an intra-cavity pumped method are reported. This system consists of an intra-cavity pumped Nd:YVO4 laser emitting at 1064 nm, using a 912 nm Nd:GdVO4 laser. A Fabry-Perot etalon is used to compress the linewidth that located at the common cavity of 912 nm and 1064 nm laser. Theoretical analysis and experimental verification were carried out. When the pump power is 32.8 W, the output of 912 nm and 1064 nm theoretical value is 0.036 W and 0.046 W, and the experimental value is 0.017 W and 0.016 W, respectively. The change trend of the theoretical simulated output power value was the same as the actual measured value in the experiment. In addition to this, the experimental measurement shows when the etalon with an angle of 15?, corresponding minimum linewidths were 0.284 nm and 0.627 nm, respectively.

单腔双光梳拍频信号包络提取方法

对单腔双光梳拍频信号的包络提取方法进行了实验研究。在单个光纤激光器中引入具有强双折射的保偏光纤,使脉冲沿偏振正交的两个方向进行复用传输和锁模。精细调节腔内偏振态,实现了重频差在337 Hz~2.33 kHz范围内连续可调的双光梳生成。通过激光器腔外偏振态调节和偏振分束,获得了消光比分别为28.5 dB和38.2 dB的两路光频梳。两路光频梳经过异步采样后,采用所设计的包络检波电路对拍频信号的包络进行提取,与采用基于样条插值和希尔伯特变换的包络提取算法计算结果相比,所提取的包络峰值位置基本保持一致,验证了该方法的可行性。双光梳拍频信号包络提取实验研究可以快速实时提取包络形状和包络峰值位置,可进一步应用于包络信号触发和精密测距等领域。

1570 nm和1548 nm双波长单频掺饵光纤激光器

针对高精度相干激光探测需求,提出了一种基于环形腔结构的双波长单频输出掺饵光纤激光器。该激光器使用未泵浦的掺饵光纤作为可饱和吸收体,结合标准具结构的光纤法布里-珀罗滤波器和光纤布拉格光栅,实现1570 nm和1548 nm附近的双波长单频激光输出,其中心波长分别为1569.97 nm和1548.06 nm,光信噪比分别达到58 dB和55 dB。通过在100 min内对输出激光光谱和功率的连续数据采集,得到输出功率波动分别为0.01 dB和0.02 dB,且光谱仪上始终未见输出激光光谱中心波长变化,表明输出激光具有良好的工作稳定性。采用延时非零自外差法测量了输出激光的线宽,测得1570 nm处激光线宽约为230.2 Hz,1548 nm处线宽约为223.6 Hz。

垂直外腔面发射半导体激光器的双波长调控研究

报道了一种结构紧凑的垂直外腔面发射激光器(Vertical-External-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser,VECSEL)及其双波长调控。通过调控泵浦光功率,实现了VECSEL输出的两个激光波长之间的相互转换,双波长的间隔接近50 nm。VECSEL的输出功率曲线呈现明显的两次翻转,翻转点对应了激射波长的转换。这是由于泵浦功率变化改变了增益芯片内部的温度,进而通过热调谐使得发光区增益峰值被调谐到腔模的不同位置。在0℃时,每个激射波长的最大输出功率都在1.5 W以上。随着泵浦功率的改变,激射波长可以在950 nm和1000 nm之间切换,同时还可以在1.5 W以上的功率水平下实现双波长同时激射。这种可切换波长及双波长同时激射的VECSEL器件在光调制、差频等领域有较大应用潜力。

盆腔小视野矢状位动态增强MRI联合双能扫描CT在Ⅱ期宫颈癌患者宫旁浸润中的诊断价值

目的探讨盆腔小视野矢状位动态增强MRI联合双能扫描CT在Ⅱ期宫颈癌患者宫旁浸润中的诊断价值。方法前瞻性选取2019年1月至2022年11月宿迁市第一人民医院诊断并治疗的96例Ⅱ期宫颈癌患者作为研究对象。所有患者术前均行盆腔小视野矢状位动态增强MRI扫描和双能CT扫描,以术后病理组织诊断结果作为金标准,评价两种影像学方法诊断Ⅱ期宫颈癌患者宫旁浸润的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。结果(1)术前动态增强MRI扫描诊断Ⅱ期宫颈癌患者宫旁浸润的敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、误诊率、漏诊率分别为89.06%、84.37%、87.50%、91.94%、79.41%、15.63%和10.94%,诊断一致率Kappa值为0.7231。(2)术前双能CT扫描诊断Ⅱ期宫颈癌患者宫旁浸润的敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、误诊率、漏诊率分别为84.38%、81.25%、83.33%、90.00%、72.22%、18.75%和15.63%,诊断一致率Kappa值为0.6364。(3)术前动态增强MRI联合双能CT扫描诊断Ⅱ期宫颈癌患者宫旁浸润的敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、误诊率、漏诊率分别为100.00%、96.88%、98.96%、98.46%、100.00%、3.13%和0,诊断一致率Kappa值为0.9764。ROC曲线结果显示,术前动态增强MRI、双能CT扫描及二者联合诊断宫旁浸润的AUC分别为0.867(95%CI:0.782~0.953)、0.828(95%CI:0.734~0.922)和0.984(95%CI:0.949~1.000)。结论术前盆腔小视野矢状位动态核磁增强和双能扫描CT对Ⅱ期宫颈癌患者宫旁浸润均具有良好的诊断价值,二者联合应用诊断效率更高。

Loss Measurement of High-Finesse Fabry-Perot Cavities

The loss of a high-finesse Fabry-Perot cavity was measured using frequency scan and cavity ring-down techniques.Different transverse modes were examined by sweeping the frequency of the laser across the corresponding resonances.In addition,cavity ring-down technique was used to measure the loss of the Fabry-Perot cavity and a simple model was employed to remove the influence of finite response time of the optical switch and the detection circuit.

Numerical investigation of dynamic characteristics of dual throat nozzle and bypass dual throat nozzle in thrust vectoring starting process

The Bypass Dual Throat Nozzle(BDTN)is a novel fluidic Thrust Vectoring(TV)nozzle,it switches to TV state by opening the valve in the bypass.To greatly manipulate the BDTN,the dynamic characteristics in the TV starting process should be analyzed.This paper conducts numerical simulations to grasp the variation processes of performances and the flow field evolution of BDTN and Dual Throat Nozzle(DTN).The dynamic responses of TV starting in typical DTN models are investigated at first.Then,the TV starting processes of BDTN in different Nozzle Pressure Ratio(NPR)conditions are simulated,and the valve opening durations(T)are also considered.Before the expected TV direction is achieved in the DTN,the jet is deflected to the opposite direction at the beginning of the dynamic process,which is called the reverse TV phenomenon.However,this phenomenon disappears in the BDTN.The larger injection width of DTN intensifies unsteady oscillations,and the reverse TV phenomenon is strengthened.In the BDTN,T determines the delay degree of performance variations compared to the static results,which is called hysteresis effect.At NPR=10,the hysteresis affects the final stable performance of BDTN.This study analyses the dynamic characteristics in DTN and BDTN,laying a foundation for further design of nozzles and control strategies.