Real-world evidence on the efficacy and safety of vonoprazanamoxicillin dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori treatment in elderly patients

BACKGROUND A dual therapy regimen containing amoxicillin is a common treatment option for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori).While substantial research supports the efficacy and safety of vonoprazan and amoxicillin(VA)dual therapy in the general population,there is still a lack of studies specifically focusing on its safety in elderly patients.AIM To evaluate efficacy and safety of VA dual therapy as first-line or rescue treatment for H.pylori in elderly patients.METHODS As a real-world retrospective study,data were collected from elderly patients aged 60 years and above who accepted VA dual therapy(vonoprazan 20 mg twice daily+amoxicillin 1000 mg thrice daily for 14 days)for H.pylori eradication in the Department of Gastroenterology at Peking University First Hospital between June 2020 and January 2024.H.pylori status was evaluated by^(13)C-urease breath test 6 weeks after treatment.All adverse events(AEs)during treatment were recorded.RESULTS In total,401 cases were screened.Twenty-one cases were excluded due to loss to follow-up,lack of re-examination,or unwillingness to take medication.The total of 380 included cases comprised 250 who received VA dual therapy as first-line treatment and 130 who received VA dual therapy as rescue treatment.H.pylori was successfully eradicated in 239 cases(95.6%)in the first-line treatment group and 116 cases(89.2%)in the rescue treatment group.The overall incidence of AEs was 9.5%for both groups.Specifically,9.2%of patients experienced an AE in the first-line treatment group and 10.0%in the rescue treatment group.Five patients discontinued treatment due to AE,with a discontinuation rate of 1.3%.No serious AE occurred.CONCLUSION The VA dual therapy regimen as a first-line treatment and a rescue therapy was effective and safe for elderly patients aged 60 and older.

Electrode/Electrolyte Optimization‑Induced Double‑Layered Architecture for High‑Performance Aqueous Zinc‑(Dual)Halogen Batteries

Aqueous zinc-halogen batteries are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage due to their abundant resources,intrinsic safety,and high theoretical capacity.Nevertheless,the uncontrollable zinc dendrite growth and spontaneous shuttle effect of active species have prohibited their practical implementation.Herein,a double-layered protective film based on zinc-ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid(ZEA)artificial film and ZnF2-rich solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)layer has been successfully fabricated on the zinc metal anode via electrode/electrolyte synergistic optimization.The ZEA-based artificial film shows strong affinity for the ZnF2-rich SEI layer,therefore effectively suppressing the SEI breakage and facilitating the construction of double-layered protective film on the zinc metal anode.Such double-layered architecture not only modulates Zn2+flux and suppresses the zinc dendrite growth,but also blocks the direct contact between the metal anode and electrolyte,thus mitigating the corrosion from the active species.When employing optimized metal anodes and electrolytes,the as-developed zinc-(dual)halogen batteries present high areal capacity and satisfactory cycling stability.This work provides a new avenue for developing aqueous zinc-(dual)halogen batteries.

Dual-Path Vision Transformer用于急性缺血性脑卒中辅助诊断

急性缺血性脑卒中是由于脑组织血液供应障碍导致的脑功能障碍,数字减影脑血管造影(DSA)是诊断脑血管疾病的金标准。基于患者的正面和侧面DSA图像,对急性缺血性脑卒中的治疗效果进行分级评估,构建基于Vision Transformer的双路径图像分类智能模型DPVF。为了提高辅助诊断速度,基于EdgeViT的轻量化设计思想进行了模型的构建;为了使模型保持轻量化的同时具有较高的精度,提出空间-通道自注意力模块,促进Transformer模型捕获更全面的特征信息,提高模型的表达能力;此外,对于DPVF的两分支的特征融合,构建交叉注意力模块对两分支输出进行交叉融合,促使模型提取更丰富的特征,从而提高模型表现。实验结果显示DPVF在测试集上的准确率达98.5%,满足实际需求。

Temperature fault-tolerant control system of CSTR with coil and jacket heat exchanger based on dual control and fault diagnosis

For the characteristics of the continuous stirred-tank reactor(CSTR) with coil and jacket cooling system,a CSTR temperature dual control solution based on the analysis of the CSTR exothermic reaction control characteristic was proposed for an organic material polymerization production.The control solution has passive fault-tolerant ability for the jacket cooling water cutting off fault and active fault-tolerant potential for the coil cooling water cutting off fault,and it has good control ability,high saving energy and reducing consumption performance.Fault detection and diagnosis and fault-tolerant control strategy are designed for the coil cooling fault to achieve the active fault-tolerant control function.The CSTR temperature dual control,process fault detection and diagnosis and active fault-tolerant control were full integrated into the CSTR temperature fault-tolerant control system,which achieve fault tolerance control of CSTR temperature for any severe malfunction of jacket cooling or coil cooling cutting off,and the security for CSTR exothermic reaction is improved.Finally,the effectiveness of this system was validated by semi-physical simulation experiment.

Distributed event region fault-tolerance based on weighted distance for wireless sensor networks

Event region detection is the important application for wireless sensor networks（WSNs）, where the existing faulty sensors would lead to drastic deterioration of network quality of service.Considering single-moment nodes fault-tolerance, a novel distributed fault-tolerant detection algorithm named distributed fault-tolerance based on weighted distance（DFWD） is proposed, which exploits the spatial correlation among sensor nodes and their redundant information.In sensor networks, neighborhood sensor nodes will be endowed with different relative weights respectively according to the distances between them and the central node.Having syncretized the weighted information of dual-neighborhood nodes appropriately, it is reasonable to decide the ultimate status of the central sensor node.Simultaneously, readings of faulty sensors would be corrected during this process.Simulation results demonstrate that the DFWD has a higher fault detection accuracy compared with other algorithms, and when the sensor fault probability is 10%, the DFWD can still correct more than 91% faulty sensor nodes, which significantly improves the performance of the whole sensor network.

Design and Optimization of Dual-Winding Fault-Tolerant Permanent Magnet Motor

To improve the performance of the traditional fault-tolerant permanent magnet(PM)motor,the design and optimal schemes of dual-winding fault-tolerant permanent magnet motor(DWFT-PMM)are proposed and investigated.In order to obtain small cogging torque ripple and inhibiting the short-circuit current,the air gap surface shape of the PM and the anti short-circuits reactance parameters are designed and optimized.According to the actual design requirements of an aircraft electrical actuation system,the parameters,finite element analysis and experimental verification of the DWFT-PMM after optimal design are presented.The research results show that the optimized DWFT-PMM owns the merits of strong magnetic isolation,physics isolation,inhibiting the short circuit current,small cogging torque ripple and high fault tolerance.

A Fault Detection Mechanism in Erasure-Code Byzantine Fault-Tolerance Quorum

Fault-tolerance is increasingly significant for large-scale storage systems in which Byzantine failure of storage nodes may happen. Traditional Byzantine Quorum systems that tolerate Byzantine failures by using replication have two main limitations： low space-efficiency and static quorum variables. We propose an Erasure-code Byzantine Fault-tolerance Quorum that can provide high reliability with far lower storage overhead than replication by adopting erasure code as redundancy scheme. Through read/write operations of clients and diagnose operation of supervisor, our Quorum system can detect Byzantine nodes, and dynamically adjust system size and fault threshold. Simulation results show that our method improves performance for the Quorum with relatively small quorums.

Electron-distribution control via Pt/NC and MoC/NC dual junction:Boosted hydrogen electro-oxidation and theoretical study

The scarcity,high cost and susceptibility to CO of Platinum severely restrict its application in alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction(HOR).Hybridizing Pt with other transition metals provides an effective strategy to modulate its catalytic HOR performance,but at the cost of mass activity due to the coverage of modifiers on Pt surface.Herein,we constructed dual junctions'Pt/nitrogen-doped carbon(Pt/NC)andδ-MoC/NC to modify electronic structure of Pt via interfacial electron transfer to acquire Pt-MoC@NC catalyst with electron-deficient Pt nanoparticles,simultaneously endowing it with high mass activity and durability of alkaline HOR.Moreover,the unique structure of Pt-MoC@NC endows Pt with a high COtolerance at 1,000 ppm CO/H_(2),a quality that commercial Pt-C catalyst lacks.The theoretical calculations not only confirm the diffusion of electrons from Pt/NC to Mo C/NC could occur,but also demonstrate the negative shift of Pt d-band center for the optimized binding energies of*H,*OH and CO.

Self Fault-Tolerance of Protocols: A Case Study

The prerequisite for the existing protocols' correctness is that protocols can be normally operated under the normal conditions, rather than dealing with abnormal conditions. In other words, protocols with the fault-tolerance can not be provided when some fault occurs. This paper discusses the self fault-tolerance of protocols. It describes some concepts and methods for achieving self fault-tolerance of protocols. Meanwhile, it provides a case study, investigates a typical protocol that does not satisfy the self fault-tolerance, and gives a new redesign version of this existing protocol using the proposed approach.

A Sustainable Dual Cross‑Linked Cellulose Hydrogel Electrolyte for High‑Performance Zinc‑Metal Batteries

Aqueous rechargeable Zn-metal batteries(ARZBs)are considered one of the most promising candidates for grid-scale energy storage.However,their widespread commercial application is largely plagued by three major challenges:The uncontrollable Zn dendrites,notorious parasitic side reactions,and sluggish Zn^(2+) ion transfer.To address these issues,we design a sustainable dual crosslinked cellulose hydrogel electrolyte,which has excellent mechanical strength to inhibit dendrite formation,high Zn^(2+) ions binding capacity to suppress side reaction,and abundant porous structure to facilitate Zn^(2+) ions migration.Consequently,the Zn||Zn cell with the hydrogel electrolyte can cycle stably for more than 400 h under a high current density of 10 mA cm^(−2).Moreover,the hydrogel electrolyte also enables the Zn||polyaniline cell to achieve high-rate and long-term cycling performance(>2000 cycles at 2000 mA g^(−1)).Remarkably,the hydrogel electrolyte is easily accessible and biodegradable,making the ARZBs attractive in terms of scalability and sustainability.

A strategy for strengthening chaotic mixing of dual shaft eccentric mixers by changing non-Newtonian fluids kinetic energy distribution

Efficiently modulating the velocity distribution and flow pattern of non-Newtonian fluids is a critical challenge in the context of dual shaft eccentric mixers for process intensification,posing a significant barrier for the existing technologies.Accordingly,this work reports a convenient strategy that changes the kinetic energy to controllably regulate the flow patterns from radial flow to axial flow.Results showed that the desired velocity distribution and flow patterns could be effectively obtained by varying the number and structure of baffles to change kinetic energy,and a more uniform velocity distribution,which could not be reached normally in standard baffle dual shaft mixers,was easily obtained.Furthermore,a comparative analysis of velocity and shear rate distributions is employed to elucidate the mechanism behind the generation of flow patterns in various dual-shaft eccentric mixers.Importantly,there is little difference in the power number of the laminar flow at the same Reynolds number,meaning that the baffle type has no effect on the power consumption,while the power number of both unbaffle and U-shaped baffle mixing systems decreases compared with the standard baffle mixing system in the transition flow.Finally,at the same rotational condition,the dimensionless mixing time of the U-shaped baffle mixing system is 15.3%and 7.9%shorter than that of the standard baffle and the unbaffle mixing system,respectively,which shows the advantage of the U-shaped baffle in stirring rate.

A finite-time fuzzy adaptive output-feedback fault-tolerant control for underactuated wheeled mobile robots systems

This paper investigates the adaptive fuzzy finite-time output-feedback fault-tolerant control (FTC) problemfor a class of nonlinear underactuated wheeled mobile robots (UWMRs) system with intermittent actuatorfaults. The UWMR system includes unknown nonlinear dynamics and immeasurable states. Fuzzy logic systems(FLSs) are utilized to work out immeasurable functions. Furthermore, with the support of the backsteppingcontrol technique and adaptive fuzzy state observer, a fuzzy adaptive finite-time output-feedback FTC scheme isdeveloped under the intermittent actuator faults. It is testifying the scheme can ensure the controlled nonlinearUWMRs is stable and the estimation errors are convergent. Finally, the comparison results and simulationvalidate the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy adaptive finite-time FTC approach.

Dual Additives for Stabilizing Li Deposition and SEI Formation in Anode-Free Li-Metal Batteries

Anode-free Li-metal batteries are of significant interest to energy storage industries due to their intrinsically high energy.However,the accumulative Li dendrites and dead Li continuously consume active Li during cycling.That results in a short lifetime and low Coulombic efficiency of anode-free Li-metal batteries.Introducing effective electrolyte additives can improve the Li deposition homogeneity and solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)stability for anode-free Li-metal batteries.Herein,we reveal that introducing dual additives,composed of LiAsF6 and fluoroethylene carbonate,into a low-cost commercial carbonate electrolyte will boost the cycle life and average Coulombic efficiency of NMC‖Cu anode-free Li-metal batteries.The NMC‖Cu anode-free Li-metal batteries with the dual additives exhibit a capacity retention of about 75%after 50 cycles,much higher than those with bare electrolytes(35%).The average Coulombic efficiency of the NMC‖Cu anode-free Li-metal batteries with additives can maintain 98.3%over 100 cycles.In contrast,the average Coulombic efficiency without additives rapidly decline to 97%after only 50 cycles.In situ Raman measurements reveal that the prepared dual additives facilitate denser and smoother Li morphology during Li deposition.The dual additives significantly suppress the Li dendrite growth,enabling stable SEI formation on anode and cathode surfaces.Our results provide a broad view of developing low-cost and high-effective functional electrolytes for high-energy and long-life anode-free Li-metal batteries.

Precise construction of RuPt dual single-atomic sites to optimize oxygen electrocatalytic behaviors for high-performance Zn-air batteries

The development of redox bifunctional electrocatalysts with high performance,low cost,and long lifetimes is essential for achieving clean energy goals.This study proposed an atom capture strategy for anchoring dual single atoms(DSAs)in a zinc-zeolitic imidazolate framework(Zn-ZIF),followed by calcination under an N_(2) atmosphere to synthesize ruthenium-platinum DSAs supported on a nitrogendoped carbon substrate(RuPt DSAs-NC).Theoretical calculations showed that the degree of Ru 5dxz-~*O 2p_x orbital hybridization was high when^(*)O was adsorbed at the Ru site,indicating enhanced covalent hybridization of metal sites and oxygen ligands,which benefited the adsorption of intermediate species.The presence of the RuPtN_6 active center optimized the absorption-desorption behavior of intermediates,improving the electrocatalytic performance of the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and the oxygen evolution reaction(DER),RuPt DSAs-NC exhibited a 0.87 V high half-wave potential and a 268 mV low overpotential at 10 mA cm^(-2)in an alkaline environment.Furthermore,rechargeable zinc-air batteries(ZABs)achieved a peak power density of 171 MW cm^(-2).The RuPt DSAs-NC demonstrated long-term cycling for up to 500 h with superior round-trip efficiency.This study provided an effective structural design strategy to construct DSAs active sites for enhanced electrocata lytic performance.

A dual-RPA based lateral flow strip for sensitive,on-site detection of CP4-EPSPS and Cry1Ab/Ac genes in genetically modified crops

Traditional transgenic detection methods require high test conditions and struggle to be both sensitive and efficient.In this study,a one-tube dual recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)reaction system for CP4-EPSPS and Cry1Ab/Ac was proposed and combined with a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay,named“Dual-RPA-LFD”,to visualize the dual detection of genetically modified(GM)crops.In which,the herbicide tolerance gene CP4-EPSPS and the insect resistance gene Cry1Ab/Ac were selected as targets taking into account the current status of the most widespread application of insect resistance and herbicide tolerance traits and their stacked traits.Gradient diluted plasmids,transgenic standards,and actual samples were used as templates to conduct sensitivity,specificity,and practicality assays,respectively.The constructed method achieved the visual detection of plasmid at levels as low as 100 copies,demonstrating its high sensitivity.In addition,good applicability to transgenic samples was observed,with no cross-interference between two test lines and no influence from other genes.In conclusion,this strategy achieved the expected purpose of simultaneous detection of the two popular targets in GM crops within 20 min at 37°C in a rapid,equipmentfree field manner,providing a new alternative for rapid screening for transgenic assays in the field.

CRBFT:A Byzantine Fault-Tolerant Consensus Protocol Based on Collaborative Filtering Recommendation for Blockchains

Blockchain has been widely used in finance,the Internet of Things(IoT),supply chains,and other scenarios as a revolutionary technology.Consensus protocol plays a vital role in blockchain,which helps all participants to maintain the storage state consistently.However,with the improvement of network environment complexity and system scale,blockchain development is limited by the performance,security,and scalability of the consensus protocol.To address this problem,this paper introduces the collaborative filtering mechanism commonly used in the recommendation system into the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance(PBFT)and proposes a Byzantine fault-tolerant(BFT)consensus protocol based on collaborative filtering recommendation(CRBFT).Specifically,an improved collaborative filtering recommendation method is designed to use the similarity between a node’s recommendation opinions and those of the recommender as a basis for determining whether to adopt the recommendation opinions.This can amplify the recommendation voice of good nodes,weaken the impact of cunningmalicious nodes on the trust value calculation,andmake the calculated resultsmore accurate.In addition,the nodes are given voting power according to their trust value,and a weight randomelection algorithm is designed and implemented to reduce the risk of attack.The experimental results show that CRBFT can effectively eliminate various malicious nodes and improve the performance of blockchain systems in complex network environments,and the feasibility of CRBFT is also proven by theoretical analysis.

Review of Fault-tolerant Control for Motor Inverter Failure with Operational Quality Considered

In recent years,motor drive systems have garnered increasing attention due to their high efficiency and superior control performance.This is especially apparent in aerospace,marine propulsion,and electric vehicles,where high performance,efficiency,and reliability are crucial.The ability of the drive system to maintain long-term fault-tolerant control(FTC)operation after a failure is essential.The likelihood of inverter failures surpasses that of other components in the drive system,highlighting its critical importance.Long-term FTC operation ensures the system retains its fundamental functions until safe repairs or replacements can be made.The focus of developing a FTC strategy has shifted from basic FTC operations to enhancing the post-fault quality to accommodate the realities of prolonged operation post-failure.This paper primarily investigates FTC strategies for inverter failures in various motor drive systems over the past decade.These strategies are categorized into three types based on post-fault operational quality:rescue,remedy,and reestablishment.The paper discusses each typical control strategy and its research focus,the strengths and weaknesses of various algorithms,and recent advancements in FTC.Finally,this review summarizes effective FTC techniques for inverter failures in motor drive systems and suggests directions for future research.

Enhanced Precision Therapy of Multiple Myeloma Through Engineered Biomimetic Nanoparticles with Dual Targeting

Multiple myeloma(MM)is the second most prevalent hematological malignancy.Current MM treatment strategies are hampered by systemic toxicity and suboptimal therapeutic efficacy.This study addressed these limitations through the development of a potent MM-targeting chemotherapy strategy,which capitalized on the high binding affinity of alendronate for hydroxyapatite in the bone matrix and the homologous targeting of myeloma cell membranes,termed T-PB@M.The results from our investigations highlight the considerable bone affinity of T-PB@M,both in vitro and in vivo.Additionally,this material demonstrated a capability for drug release triggered by low pH conditions.Moreover,T-PB@M induced the generation of reactive oxygen species and triggered cell apoptosis through the poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1(PARP1)-Caspase-3-B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2)pathway in MM cells.Notably,T-PB@M preferentially targeted bone-involved sites,thereby circumventing systemic toxic side effects and leading to prolonged survival of MM orthotopic mice.Therefore,this designed target-MM nanocarrier presents a promising and potentially effective platform for the precise treatment of MM.

Study of the fatigue fractography of dual phase low carbon steel used in automotive industry

Fatigue properties play a crucial role as they are vital to ensuring the durability and integrity of components subjected to repeated loading conditions over long periods.The main objective of this work is to investigate the fatigue behavior of dual phase low-carbon steels used in automotive applications using a rotating bending fatigue machine.Heat treatments were carried out to analyze the microstructure's effect on the fatigue properties,including quenching low-carbon steel samples at 800℃ and 900℃.Hardness and tensile tests were performed,and the microstructure was inspected to examine the constitute phases.With the assistance of a scanning electron microscope,fractographic analyses were carried out to reveal the fracture features of the samples at different lifetime ranges.The results show that various failure mechanisms occur depending on the stress levels.Additionally,the specimens quenched at 900℃ exhibited higher fatigue strength.

SUMS OF DUAL TOEPLITZ PRODUCTS ON THE ORTHOGONAL COMPLEMENTS OF FOCK-SOBOLEV SPACES

We consider dual Toeplitz operators on the orthogonal complements of the FockSobolev spaces of all nonnegative real orders.First,for symbols in a certain class containing all bounded functions,we study the problem of when an operator which is finite sums of the dual Toeplitz products is compact or zero.Next,for bounded symbols,we construct a symbol map and exhibit a short exact sequence associated with the C^(*)-algebra generated by all dual Toeplitz operators with bounded symbols.