Science Letters:Dual structure of composite right/left-handed transmission line

A dual structure of composite right/left handed (CRLH) transmission line (TL) is analyzed in which an inductance LR is in parallel with a capacitance CL and a shunt capacitance CR is in series with an inductance LL. Both the distributed and lumped cases are considered. The dispersion diagram and transmission properties of the dual CRLH TL are given and compared with those of a standard CRLH TL. Contrary to the frequency response of a standard CRLH TL, a dual CRLH TL has a left-handed (negative phase shift) band at higher frequencies and a right-handed (positive phase shift) band at lower frequencies. A novel dual-band balun is presented as an application.

Has Okun's Law Become Invalid in China?——Estimation of Potential GDP Growth Rates and Natural Rates of Unemployment Based on Dual Structure

This paper calculates the potential GDP growth rates and the natural rates of unemployment in China using the dual decomposition of the simple Ohm's law.The results show that every 1%increase in China's urban registered unemployment rate leads to a 1.98%drop of GDP,the potential growth rate of GDP of China is about 10%,and the average natural rate of unemployment is about 3.2%in China in the past three decades.The paper finds that Okun's law is still valid in China in the long run,but the Okun coefficient is about-3.79,overestimating the impact of the registered unemployment rate on GDP growth,and needs to be corrected based on China's dual economic structure.

Dual Instinct and Structural Theories: DSM-5-TR

The genetic based Dual Instinct Theory is determined by evolutionary history. Aggression is required for survival and sex for propagation of species. Aggressive and sexual drive derivatives with their corresponding defence mechanisms are combined with biologically based stages of infant/child development and the functional entity of Structural Theory. This model of human nature is the applied to the diagnostic categories of DSM-5-TR. Objectives: To follow the innate Dual Instinct Theory from life to death and through Artificial Intelligence;connect it with biological stages of development of the Structural Theory and illustrate its manifestations in DSM-5-TR classifications. Method: Review of selected published literature. Applying the principle of focus and cognition of informed clinical observation of innate drive derivatives in conjunction with The Structural Theory. Both theories are functional entities with no structures involved. Sigmund Freud’s biologically based stages of development;oral, anal, genital pubic, adult, and geriatric along with a variety of unconscious, automatic, and persistent defense mechanisms are selectively folded into diagnosis listed in the manual.

High performance carrier stored trench bipolar transistor with dual shielding structure

We propose a novel high performance carrier stored trench bipolar transistor(CSTBT)with dual shielding structure(DSS-CSTBT).The proposed DSS-CSTBT features a double trench structure with different trench profiles in the surface,in which a shallow gate trench is shielded by a deep emitter trench and a thick oxide layer under it.Compared with the conventional CSTBT(con-CSTBT),the proposed DSS-CSTBT not only alleviates the negative impact of the shallow gate trench and highly doped CS layer on the breakdown voltage(BV),but also well reduces the gate-collector capacitance CGC,gate charge Q_(G),and turn-off loss E_(OFF)of the device.Furthermore,lower turn-on loss E_(ON)and gate drive loss E_(DR)are also obtained.Simulation results show that with the same CS layer doping concentration N_(CS)=1.5×10^(16)cm^(-3),the BV increases from 1312 V of the con-CSTBT to 1423 V of the proposed DSS-CSTBT with oxide layer thickness under gate(T_(og2))of 1μm.Moreover,compared with the con-CSTBT,the C_(GC)at V_(CE)of 25 V and miller plateau charge(Q_(GC))for the proposed DSS-CSTBT with T_(og2)of 1μm are reduced by 79.4%and 74.3%,respectively.With the VGEincreases from 0 V to 15 V,the total QGfor the proposed DSS-CSTBT with T_(og2)of 1μm is reduced by 49.5%.As a result,at the same on-state voltage drop(V_(CEON))of 1.55 V,the E_(ON)and E_(OFF)are reduced from 20.3 mJ/cm^(2)and 19.3 mJ/cm^(2)for the con-CSTBT to8.2 mJ/cm^(2)and 9.7 mJ/cm^(2)for the proposed DSS-CSTBT with T_(og2)of 1μm,respectively.The proposed DSS-CSTBT not only significantly improves the trade-off relationship between the V_(CEON)and E_(OFF)but also greatly reduces the E_(ON).

基于双通道Residual-LSTM的SINS/GNSS组合导航算法

针对全球导航卫星系统信号中断情况下SINS/GNSS组合导航系统无法持续进行误差校正的问题,提出一种基于双通道Residual-LSTM的SINS/GNSS组合导航算法。首先,考虑到SINS经度、纬度误差传播特性不同所导致的模型输入、输出信息之间的非线性相关性差异化,构建具有不同权重系数的双通道长短期记忆神经网络模型结构,并引入遗忘信息共享机制自适应地利用历史导航数据对经度、纬度信息进行拟合预测。其次,针对深层神经网络存在的模型退化和梯度消失问题,在多层双通道LSTM网络之间建立残差高速通道形成Residual-LSTM模型结构,以增加不同网络层次之间的信息传播路径。最后,通过实船数据验证本文所提算法的有效性。实验结果表明,与基于常规智能方法的SINS/GNSS组合导航算法相比,所提组合导航算法在GNSS信号中断期间经度误差降低了51.97%,纬度误差降低了31.45%。

Space Topologies and Their Dual Space Topologies for Conventional Functional Space Topologies

In this paper, we have studied the topology of some classical functional spaces. Among these spaces, there are standard spaces, spaces that can be metrizable and others that cannot be metrizable. But they are all topological vector spaces and it is in this context that we have chosen to present this work. We are interested in the topology of its spaces and in the topologies of their dual spaces. The first part, we presented the fundamental topological properties of topological vector spaces. The second part, we studied Frechet spaces and particularly the space S(Rn) of functions of class C∞ on Rn which are as well as all their rapidly decreasing partial derivatives. We have also studied its dual S'(Rn) the space of tempered distributions. The last part aims to define a topological structure on an increasing union of Frechet spaces called inductive limit of Frechet spaces. We study in particular the space D(Ω) of functions of class C∞ with compact supports on Ω as well as its dual D' (Ω) the space distributions over the open set Ω.

Kinematic Structure of a Heavy Rain Event from Dual-Doppler Radar Observations

The detailed kinematic structure of a heavy rain event that occurred in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River was investigated using dual-Doppler radar observation. A variational analysis method was developed to obtain the three-dimensional wind fields. Before the analysis, a data preprocessing procedure was carried out, in which the temporal variation with the scanning time interval and the effect of the earth curvature on the data position were taken into account. The analysis shows that a shear line in the lower and middle levels played an important role in the rainfall event. The precipitation fell mainly on the south end of the shear line where southerly flow prevailed and convergence and updraft were obvious. With the movement and decay of the shear line, the precipitation moved and decayed correspondingly.

Analysis of Responses of Floating Dual Pontoon Structure

A numerical model is developed by use of the boundary integral equation method to investigate the responses of a two-dimensional floating structure. The structure under consideration consisting of two pontoons, is connected by a rigid framework, and linked to the sea floor by a mooring system. The theoretical conception is based on potential theory with hnear external forces, and applied to an arbitrarily shaped body and water depth. The discussion includes the influence of draft and space between pontoons on the responses of the floating structure. Finally, the validity of the method is adequately verified by experimental results.

Phase composition, transition and structure stability of functionally graded cemented carbide with dual phase structure

The phase composition, phase transition and phase structure transformation of the wire-cut section of functionally graded WC-Co cemented carbide with dual phase structure were investigated by XRD phase analysis. It is shown that the composition of η phase in the core zone is Co_3W_3C (M_6 C type). The structure of cobalt based solid solution binder phase is fcc type. At the cooling stage of the sintering process, the phase transition of η phase, i.e. M_6C→M_12C and the martensitic phase transition of the cobalt based solid solution binder phase, i.e. fcc→hcp are suppressed, which facilitates the strengthening of the alloy. Because the instantaneous temperature of the discharge channel is as high as 10 000 ℃ during the wire cutting process, the processed surface is oxidized. Nevertheless, the oxide layer thickness is in micro grade. In the oxide film, η phase is decomposed into W_2C and CoO, and cobalt based solid solution binder is selectively oxidized, while WC remains stable due to the existence of carbon containing liquid organic cutting medium.

The Chinese Urban-rural Dual Economic Structure Model and Analysis

Based on the characteristics of urban-rural dual economic structure in China,we build a dynamic endogenous urban-rural dual economic model closely linked to China's reality,and carry out mathematical economics analysis of optimized conditions for urban and rural sectors. The main results show that:(i) The labor growth rate of urban-rural sectors must be greater than the time discount rate,or else there would be a vicious cycle of diminishing returns in the sectors;(ii) The accumulation rate of physical capital and human capital of urban-rural sectors,and the rate of technological progress,need to be greater than the corresponding depreciation rate plus the time discount rate,otherwise there would be a vicious cycle of diminishing returns in the sectors;(iii) The low accumulation rate in the rural sector,and the occurrence of labor outflow,human capital loss and lack of investment,will expand income gap between urban and rural areas,which is a reason for solidification of urban-rural dual economic structure.

TEMPERING RESPONSE OF A DEFORMED LOW CARBON DUAL PHASE STRUCTURE

The low carbon dual phase structure was cold de formed first,then was tempered at 200 to 600℃.The variation in strength and ductility during tempering of the steel was investigated.It was found that a fter the de formed dual phase structure was tempered at 200 to 600℃, with the increase in the tempering temperature the tensile strength decreases rapidly;the lotal elongation remains constant at 200 to 500℃ but began to rise dramatically at a critical temperature between 500 and 600℃.However,when the non-deformed dual phase structure was tempered at the same temperature range,the tensile strength decreases and the total elongation increases continuously with the increase of temperature.It was demonstrated from TEM analysis that precipitating carbides density along the boundaries ofmartensite lath and the recrystallized grains are responsible for the tempering response ofthe de formed dual phase structure.

2D Coupled 3D:A New Numerical Model for Dual - Structured - Aquifer System

This paper points out that a successful numerical simulation is to construct a correct conceptional model which is very dose to the natural condition. A new model, two dimensional coupled three dimensional model (2D -3D ) is presented in the Present paper,which is the most suitable one for the dual - structured - aquifer system. An example of Wenyinghu area is shown.By using the 2D-3D model, a satisfied result of the simulated area is achieved.

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT ONTO ALUMINIUM DUAL-PLATE STRUCTURE

Dual-plate structure is very effective in the protection of space vehicle from hypervelocity im- pact.The experiments of A1 projectile impacting A1 dual targets at the velocity ranging over 2.5—7.0 km/s were systematically conducted.The damage effects were examined,including the perforation of the shield, the development of debris cloud and the general damage characteristics of the subplate.Many valuable experi- mental data and phenomena have been obtained

Study on Factors Influencing Urban-rural Dual Economic Structure of Chongqing Based on the State Space Variable Parameter Method

Firstly,this paper reviews and analyzes historic background of urban-rural integration of Chongqing,and the evolution and trend of urban and rural dual economic structure.On the basis of previous researches,it selects factors and variables influencing urban and rural dual economic structure,and establishes an econometric model.By state space Kalman filtering method,it analyzes dynamic influence of factors upon urban-rural dual economic intensity.According to empirical conclusion,it puts forward corresponding policy recommendations for promoting integrated urban and rural economic development of Chongqing.

The natural basis of the formation of the dual-nuclei structural model

The dual-nuclei spatial structure is composed of a regional central city, a port city and their spat ial relations in certain regions. In general, this spatial structure c ould be found in most of the coastal regions or regions along big rivers. In terms of the mechanism, the dual-nuclei structure is the result of the s patial interaction and the complementary characteristics of the center city and the port city. The 'marginal function' of the port city and its relationship with the central city has long been discussed in th e literature. On the one hand, drainage area is the main natural geo graphical background of the formation of the dual-nuclei spatial structure; the refore, we can build a theoretical geographic structure that is based on the drainage area. On the other hand, vicissitude of the coastline al so has important influence on the formation of the dual-nuclei spatial structure. It is especially meaningful if we can notice this when w e examine deeply the research on the spatial structure of delta.