Theoretical Comparative Energy Efficiency Analysis of Dual Axis Solar Tracking Systems

This paper developed a theoretical model substantially based on the principle that only the normal component of solar radiation is actually converted into electrical energy. This theoretical model helped to predict minimum and maximum daily energy gain (compared to static PV system tilted with certain angle) when using dual axis PV solar tracking systems, at any given location on earth without prior experimental data. Based on equations derived from model, minimum and maximum energy gain is computed and summarized in tables of minimum and maximum. Furthermore, the model equations could be used to set up future experimental studies related to the matter.

Simulation study on starting of dual clutch transmission for tracked vehicles

In order to study the application of dual clutch transmission （DCT） on tracked vehicles, a simulation moclel and two control methods were performed for starting analysis. Based on a certain transmission of an existing tracked vehicle, a DCT structure was proposed. Matlab/Simulink was a dopted as a platform to develop the simulation model. The engine speed was controlled to follow the target speed as a launch strategy. Two control methods, a proportional integral derivative （ PID ） control method and a fuzzy control method, were proposed to control the engine throttle and oil pressure in order to track the target engine speed. Simulation results show that either the PID control or fuzzy control method can improve the starting performance compared with no loop control meth od. Fuzzy control method can lead a better starting quality compared with PID control method.

Theoretical and Experimental Quantification of Solar Radiation through a Tracking System

This work deals with the estimation of solar radiation through a solar tracker aimed at evaluating the effect of solar tracking on the solar deposit in Burkina Faso. Using a two-axis solar tracking system, we experimentally measured solar radiation at our Joseph KI-ZERBO University site and compared it with that obtained by a numerical simulation run using Fortran programming software based on a mathematical model by Brichambaut. The results obtained from the mathematical and experimental studies show that, with a solar tracker, on a clear-sky day, solar irradiation is between 800 W·m−2 and 1000 W·m−2 between about 8 a.m. and 4 p.m., i.e. a duration of 8 hours of insolation. Analysis of the numerical and experimental results shows very good quantitative and qualitative agreement, with an average relative error of 18%.

双回路控制下拖拉机发动机管理系统的设计

随着拖拉机发动机控制系统的复杂性在不断增加,拖拉机发动机扭矩管理系统需要满足多种工况需求,配备多种传感器和执行器,同时具备高效能和燃油经济性。为此,设计了基于双回路速度跟踪控制的拖拉机发动机扭矩管理系统,通过两个回路实现对发动机扭矩的精确控制,其中一个回路用于速度跟踪,另一个回路用于调节发动机扭矩。通过精确的速度控制和扭矩管理,系统可以在不同工况下实现高效的能量利用和优化的运行性能。试验结果表明:系统能够有效地实现发动机扭矩的准确控制,提高了拖拉机的整体性能和燃油经济性。研究结果旨在改进拖拉机发动机控制系统的性能,提高其适应多种工况的能力,并实现更高的燃油经济性。

Probe into the double track system reform of the old age insurance system

In recent years, with the development of socialist market economy is gradually perfect, the endowment insurance system gradually affects people＇s daily life, the old-age insurance benefits of the ＂dual track＂ operation of the drawbacks caused by more and more people＇s attention, so the old-age insurance system reform, not only is the national endowment for the special requirements of self. It is the realization of China＇s social security reform priority among priorities. Based on the endowment insurance system of endowment insurance system reform, the interpretation of the resistance, found that at present our country how to deal with the problems of merger reform, discuss how to better realize the merger of the pension insurance system.

ALGORITHM FOR ACOUSTIC PASSIVE LOCALIZATION WITH DUAL ARRAYS

Aiming at the problem of 3D target localization by time delay estimation, this paper proposes a new acoustic passive localization method, which can provide high precision localization estimation. The first step of the two-stage algorithm is to measure the azimuth angle and pitch angle at each single array, which can obtain high precision angle estimation but low precision range estimation. And in the second step, the location of acoustic source is calculated from the angles measured above and geometry position of the two arrays. Then the accuracy of localization estimation is discussed in theory, and the influence factors and localization error are analyzed by simulation. The simulation results validate the performance of the proposed algorithm, and show the precision of localization estimation with dual arrays is superior to single array.

基于Track技术实现气象数据业务分流传输研究

气象传输的预报产品和基础数据种类繁多、实时和非实时数据传输时效不一样,需要分流非实时的业务数据从而减轻系统负担。方法是通过链路选择、流量负载均衡和链路冗余测试、业务化运行(Track)技术在两条链路的网络设备进行优化,采用访问控制列表配置区分实时和非实时数据传输业务,拟解决系统流量高峰时动态合理分配网络资源的问题。测试结果表明:正常运行状态下实时和非实时数据业务能够有序清晰地进行合理分流传输达到主要和备用链路融合;当出现通信链路中断,该系统能够在迅速不干扰业务正常运转的状态下转换至可利用的链路上,保证业务传输数据的不间断。经过业务化试运行,Track技术可以实现气象数据业务分流传输。

城市轨道交通超长隧道双车追踪模式下火灾烟气控制与人员安全疏散研究

[目的]城市轨道交通发车间隔一般较短,在超长隧道内会出现同方向行驶两列列车的情况,一旦发生火灾容易造成重大财产损失和人员伤亡,因此需对超长隧道双车追踪模式下的火灾烟气蔓延规律和人员安全疏散策略进行研究。[方法]采用FDS(火灾动力学模拟)软件和Path-finder软件,建立超长隧道火灾模型和人员安全疏散模型,对双车追踪模式下的火灾烟气蔓延规律,以及人员疏散进行仿真分析。[结果及结论]双车追踪模式下,前车尾部着火,通过临界风速纵向通风可保证前车火灾安全;火源下游烟气前锋的蔓延速度为3.20 m/s,至600 s时烟气蔓延至后车,620 s时烟气可完全覆盖后车;烟气温度沿隧道纵向衰减很快,且温度衰减符合双指数模型规律。双车追踪模式下,减小联络通道间距可减少人员疏散总时间,对人员疏散时离开列车的时间影响不大;开启列车端门和疏散平台一侧车门,可显著减少人员疏散时间。在超长隧道双车追踪的最不利火灾场景下,人员疏散存在困难,可通过减小联络通道间距保障人员疏散安全。

Tracking of Non-Rigid Object in Complex Wavelet Domain

In this paper we have proposed an object tracking method using Dual Tree Complex Wavelet Transform (DTCxWT). The proposed method is capable of tracking the moving object in video sequences. The object is assumed to be deform-able under limit i.e. it may change its shape from one frame to another. The basic idea in the proposed method is to decompose the image into two components: a two dimensional motion and a two dimensional shape change. The motion component is factored out while the shape is explicitly represented by storing a sequence of two dimensional models. Each model corresponds to each image frame. The proposed method performs well when the change in the shape in the consecutive frames is small however the 2-D motion in consecutive frames may be large. The proposed algorithm is capable of handling the partial as well as full occlusion of the object.

BeiDou B1I/B3I Signals Joint Tracking Algorithm Based on Kalman Filter

Dual-frequency satellite positioning receivers are widely used because they can eliminate ionospheric delay and solve the full-circumference ambiguity quickly.However,in traditional dual-frequency receivers,the relevance of dual-frequency signals are not considered,and,with no improvement imposed to the tracking loop,two independent tracking loops are used to achieve the tracking of dual-frequency signals.In this paper,the Bei Dou dual-frequency signals joint tracking algorithm based on Kalman filter is proposed for the tracking of Bei Dou B1I and B3I dual-frequency signals.Taking the relevance of B1I and B3I signals into consideration,the algorithm adds a Kalman filter between the phase detector and carrier loop filter of the traditional dual-frequency independent tracking loop.The output results of the phase detectors of the B1I and B3I branches are then combined and filtered by the Kalman filter,and the results are input to the carrier loop filters of the corresponding branches.Proved by experiments,the algorithm not only enables the loop to enter a stable tracking state quickly,but also reduces the noise bandwidth of the two loop filters by about 10 Hz with the same tracking performance obtained.

我国采供血机构双轨用工的问题与对策研究

目的 探析采供血机构双轨用工的问题,为优化人力资源管理提供对策建议。方法 运用专用调查表,对全国229家采供血机构进行调研,统计编制与非编制人员的数量、流动量等信息,并使用T检验进行差异性分析。结果 全国采供血机构普遍存在编制配比变动迟滞、人员新进量存在差异、自因型人员流失量差异明显、薪酬管理体系复杂且多样化的问题。结论 加强对双轨用工所带来的管理复杂性的认识,规划人员编制标准的动态机制,创新编制内外人员管理,优化人员配置结构。

The Feasibility of a Novel Dual-Task Exercise Program Which Integrates Balance, Gaze, Mobility and Cognition in Community Dwelling Older Adults: Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Pilot Trial

Background: Mobility limitations and cognitive impairments which are common with ageing often coexist, causing a reduction in the levels of physical and mental activity and are prognostic of future adverse health events and falls. Consequently, multi-task training paradigms that simultaneously address both mobility and cognition benefit healthy ageing are important to consider in rehabilitation as well as primary prevention. Objectives: An exploratory RCT is being conducted to: a) describe the feasibility and acceptability of the study design and process, procedures, resources and management in two game-based dual-task training programs delivered in the community;b) to explore the lived experiences of the study participants who completed their respective exercise programs. A secondary objective is to obtain preliminary data on the therapeutic effectiveness of the two dual-task training programs. Methods: Thirty healthy older community dwelling participants aged 70 - 85 with previous history of falls will be recruited and randomized to either dual- task treadmill walking (experimental group) or dual-task recumbent bicycle (control group). Data analysis: The qualitative data will be analyzed by two investigators using a content analysis approach. For the quantitative data, outcome measures will be collected pre and post intervention and included measures to assess core balance, spatial-temporal gait variables, visual tracking and cognitive function, as well as, balance and gait analysis under dual-task conditions. Discussion: This research will demonstrate the feasibility of the dual-task training programs in the community, and demonstrate the system’s ability to improve targeted and integrated (dual-task) aspects of balance, mobility, gaze, and cognitive performance. A blended analysis of balance, mobility gaze and cognition will also contribute to a better understanding of the functional consequences of decline in physical and mental skills with age. Trial registration: This pilot clinical trial has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov Protocol Registration System: NCT01940055.

涉外法制的回归与超越

习近平总书记在中共中央政治局第十次集体学习时强调加强涉外法制建设,使“涉外法制”再次回到我国法律制度建设的视野。当今涉外法制与改革开放初期的涉外法制,都属于国内法的范围、属于国内法律制度的组成部分,但内容和功能有所变化。作为涉外法治的基础,当今涉外法制超越当初注重“招商引资”、双轨制立法模式,更注重调整国际关系,维护国家主权、安全、发展利益,促进国际法治进步,推动构建人类命运共同体。这一回归与超越是国际格局变化、中国法治建设发展的结果。

构建“理实融合”双轨制教学模式——以刑法学经典阅读实践为切入点

刑法学经典阅读的探索与实践,是符合德法兼修的卓越法治人才培养目标的教改尝试。从阅读书目选取到指导阅读、专题研讨、总结点评、创新研究等阶段的具体运用,形成了构建生成性教学、拓展课程方式、打造“师生共同体”等可迁移性经验,通过在教学实践中强化学生的“问题意识”、增强教师启发能力、构建长效评价体系三方面发力,以进一步提升教学效果,对于构建“理实融合”双轨制教学模式具有天然优势和价值,这种模式建构有助于法学教育卓越法治人才培养。

数据跨境双轨制下个人信息出境监管豁免制度的适用与完善

数据跨境新规确立了个人信息出境监管豁免制度,既豁免了申报数据出境安全评估,也豁免了订立个人信息出境标准合同、通过个人信息保护认证。但从我国数据跨境管理双轨制体系来看,这些豁免规则在理解适用上仍存在一系列困惑:符合场景豁免的个人信息是否必然豁免安全评估,一定数量个人信息为何可以豁免同等保护要求出境,过境个人信息豁免、负面清单外豁免的合理限度何在,实践需要与安全关切双重压力下应如何完善豁免。破解这些困惑,就应该明确特定豁免只是豁免保护个人权益的监管机制,厘清个人信息与重要数据关系以明确豁免边界,系统把握过境个人信息豁免和负面清单外豁免,增强数据跨境制度协同性以缓解豁免规则压力。

基于工程教育专业认证的科创类课程改革实践

科技创新类课程是电类专业本科生培养的重要组成部分。在工程教育专业认证“成果导向教育”理念驱动下,进行了“工程实践与科技创新”系列课程群的教学体系改革与实践。分析现存问题,介绍教学目标确立、课程内容与教学方法设计,通过“太阳能双轴追光系统”案例展示教学成果,总结持续改进经验。教学实践帮助学生增强了工程设计、团队协作以及终身学习的能力,高效激发了学生的科技创新积极性,达到了预期效果,具有一定的推广价值。

先导专项档案管理模式及优化策略研究

近年来,中国科学院战略性先导专项的立项活动日益增多,先导专项档案管理模式呈现出多样化的特点,但在责任划分、监督执行、制度完善及质量控制等多个层面均存在显著短板。为提高先导专项档案管理的质量和水平,文章分析了先导专项档案管理的现状,探讨了现行三种先导专项档案管理模式的优劣,提出从管理责任体系、规章制度体系、人才队伍体系、档案资源体系、档案管理平台等方面优化“科研+行政”并轨管理模式,以期双线负责人共同肩负专项责任,共同推进档案管理工作,为先导专项的高效建设提供优质的档案服务支持。

Singular perturbation composite control of a free-floating flexible dual-arm space robot

The Free-floating Flexible Dual-arm Space Robot is a highly nonlinear and coupled dynamics system. In this paper, the dynamic model is derived of a Free-floating Flexible Dual-arm Space Robot holding a rigid payload. Furthermore, according to the singular perturbation method, the system is separated into a slow subsystem representing rigid body motion of the robot and a fast subsystem representing the flexible link dynamics. For the slow subsystem, based on the second method of Lyapunov, using simple quantitative bounds on the model uncertainties, a robust tracking controller design is used during the trajectory tracking phase. The optimal control method is designed in the fast subsystem to guarantee the exponential stability. With the combination of the two above, the system can track the expected trajectory accurately, even though with uncertainty in model parameters, and its flexible vibration gets suppressed, too. Finally, some simulation tests have been conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

Study on video intelligent early warning and tracking system based on ARM

The protrusion of the planning of numerical intelligent early-warning and tracking system in this study which can ease triggerman's work strength,lay the next generation intelligence supervision system foundation and expand effectively the video resources use etc. In the numerical intelligent early-warning matrix sub-system,the authors have designed a kind dual-core system which includes both ARM and DSP,and designed detailedly traffic dynamics affairs early-warning arithmetic which bases on that system. And then,this system will carry quickly on fixing the right position of license plate,correcting the inclination degree of license plate,and thinning it to get the number of this license and severity grade. Secondly,in the rotated dome camera sub-system,the authors have designed three-dimensional trajectory mathematical model which makes use of a fuzzy PID controller to achieve the high- speed track. At last,Simulation shows that the proposed control method has high profile tracking precision,accuracy and robustness of the disturbance.

基于压电效应的高速铁路路基压电俘能方法研究

为了充分利用高速列车运行中产生的振动能量来解决复杂环境下采集设备的供电问题,将压电技术应用于铁路工程中,而现在针对高铁路基的压电俘能新方法的探究尚不明晰,缺乏相关的结构研究以适应路基发电的需求,导致路基内的振动能以热量的形式消散。针对这一问题,首先,基于压电效应理论,结合高速铁路路基动力响应特点设计出压电俘能装置HRS-PEH(High-speed Railway Piezoelectric Energy Harvester),建立高速铁路路基压电俘能新方法;其次,通过室内列车荷载模拟试验,探究动载振幅、频率和外接电阻等关键参数对HRS-PEH发电量的影响;最后开展现场行车试验,进一步验证HRS-PEH装置的适用性。研究结果表明:1) HRS-PEH的开路电压随动载振幅的增大而增大,且与频率无明显关系,而负载电压随动载频率和振幅的增加,均呈现线性增大的趋势。故可在工程应用中将HRS-PEH布置在基床表层顶面、钢轨正下方,即可获得最大发电量。2) HRS-PEH的输出功率整体上随外接电阻的增加,呈现出先增大后减小趋势,故存在最优外接电阻使得HRS-PEH发电量最大。3)行车试验发现,若将HRS-PEH布置于高铁路基基床表层,当CRH5型高速列车仅以55 km/h低速运行时,HRS-PEH就可收获0.71 J电能,可以满足路基健康监控设备的正常工作需求。研究成果可高效利用列车振动能量转换为无污染电能,推动铁路“双碳”战略目标的实现。