Seismic ductility of very-high-strength-concrete short columns subject to combined axial loading and cyclic lateral loading

The seismic ductility of reinforced very-high-strength-concrete （VHSC） short columns was studied by combinatively applying axial load and low cyclic lateral load on specimens to simulate seismic impact. Twelve specimens with concrete compressive strength ranging from 95.6 MPa to 118.6 MPa and a shear-span ratio of 2.0 were tested for shear failure pattern and fear force-displacement hysteretic responses. Combinative application of axial load and low cyclic lateral load to VHSC short columns incurs shear failure. The displacement ductility is much smaller when the axial load ratio is larger; whereas a larger stirrup ratio is accompanied with a better displacement ductility. The relationship of displacement ductility factor,μ△, with stirrup characteristic value, λv, and test axial load ratio, nt, is μ△=（1＋8λv）/（0.33＋nt）. By this relationship and relevant codes for aseismatic design, the axial load ratio limits for aseismatic design of reinforced VHSC （C95 to C100） short columns for frame construction are respectively 0.5, 0.6, and 0.7 for seismic classes Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ; corresponding minimum characteristic values of stirrups are calculated according to the required characteristic values of at least 1.273 times of experimental results. These data are very useful to aseismatic engineering.

Influence of Axial Load Ratio on Shear Behavior of Through-Diaphragm Connections of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns

Nonlinear finite element analysis and parametric studies were carried out to study the influence of axial load ratio on the shear behavior of the through-diaphragm connections of concrete-filled square steel tubular columns. The analysis reveals that smaller axial load ratio can improve the shear bearing capacity and ductility while larger axial load ratio will decrease the shear behavior of the through-diaphragm connections. The parametric studies indicate that the axial load ratio should be limited to less than 0.4 and its influence should be considered in the analysis and design of such connections.

Experimental investigation of axially loaded steel fiber reinforced high strength concrete-filled steel tube columns

An experimental study on the compressive behavior of steel fiber reinforced concrete-filled steel tube columns is presented. Specimens were tested to investigate the effects of the concrete strength, the thickness of steel tube and the steel fiber volume fraction on the ultimate strength and the ductility. The experimental results indicate that the addition of steel fibers in concrete can significantly improve the ductility and the energy dissipation capacity of the concrete-filled steel tube columns and delay the local buckling of the steel tube, but has no obvious effect on the failure mode. It has also been found that the addition of steel fibers is a more effective method than using thicker steel tube in enhancing the ductility, and more advantageous in the case of higher strength concrete. An analytical model to estimate the load capacity is proposed for steel tube columns filled with both plain concrete and steel fiber reinforced concrete. The predicted results are in good agreement with the experimental ones obtained in this work and literatures.

Dynamic performance of angle-steel concrete columns under low cyclic loading-I:Experimental study

This paper describes low cyclic loading testing of nine angle-steel concrete column （ASCC） specimens. In the tests, the influence of the shear-span ratio, axial compression ratio and shear steel plate ratio on the hysteretic behavior, energy dissipation, strength degradation, stiffness degradation, skeleton curve and ductility of the ASCCs is studied. Based on the test results, some conclusions are presented. The P-A and sectional M -φ hysteretic models for the ASCCs are presented in a companion paper （Zheng and Ji, 2008）.

Experimental research on behavior of 460 MPa high strength steel I-section columns under cyclic loading

To investigate the seismic behavior of I-section columns made of 460 MPa high strength steel （HSS）, six specimens were tested under constant axial load and cyclic horizontal load. The specimens were designed with different width-to-thickness ratios and loaded under different axial load ratios. For each specimen, the failure mode was observed and hysteretic curve was measured. Comparison of different specimens on hysteretic characteristic, energy dissipation capacity and deformation capacity were further investigated. Test results showed that the degradation of bearing capacity was due to local buckling of flange and web. Under the same axial load ratio, as width-to-thickness ratio increased, the deformation area of local buckling became smaller. And also, displacement level at both peak load and failure load became smaller. In addition, the full extent of hysteretic curve, energy dissipation capacity, ultimate story drift angle decreased, and capacity degradation occurred more rapidly with the increase of width-to-thickness ratio or axial load ratio. Based on the capacity of story drift angle, limiting values which shall not be exceeded are suggested respectively for flange and web plate of 460 MPa HSS I-section columns when used in SMFs and in IMFs in the case of axial load ratio no more than 0.2. Such values should be smaller when the axial load ratio increases.

Behavior and design method of square-tubed reinforced concrete short columns under axial compression

The behavior of square-tubed reinforced concrete (STRC) short columns subjected to axial compression was studied in detail with an accurate nonlinear finite element model (FEM) . Different width to thickness ratios (D/t = 50 150) of the steel tube and the compressive strength of concrete (C80 and C50) were adopted in this research. The axial load strength,steel tube strain and load-shortening response were determined from FEM and the analysis results from FEM were compared with those from experiment. The analysis and test results indicate that the concrete strength little affectes the confinement of the steel tube on the concrete. The transverse stress of the tube at the axial load point increases with the increment in the width to thickness ratio. Based on the results from FEM and experiment,a formula for the prediction of the axial load strength was proposed in this paper.

Seismic Behavor of RC Beam-Column Joint with Additional Bars under Cyclic Loading

The behavior of Beam-Column Joints in moment resisting frame structures are susceptible to damage caused by seismic effects due to poor performance of the joint.A good number of researches were carried out to understand the complex mechanism of RC joints which are considered in seismic design code practices presently adopted.The traditional construction detailing of transverse reinforcement have shown serious joint failure. This paper introduces a new design philosophy involving the use of additional diagonal bars within the joint particularly suitable for low to medium seismic effects in earthquake zones throughout the world.In lieu to this study,ten(10) full-scale interior beam-column specimens were constructed with various additional reinforcement details and configurations as will be discussed in the later.The experiment provided adequate results to proof the idea of additional bars as suitable approach in reinforced concrete structures where earthquake is eminent.While compared with overall cracking observation during the test,the specimen with additional bars (diagonal and straight) had shown few cracks on the column than the ones without.Furthermore,concrete confinement is certainly an important design method as recommended by certain international codes.

配筋空心圆钢管高强混凝土轴压短柱工作机理分析

目的 提出一种配筋空心圆钢管高强混凝土新型组合柱,分析其在轴向荷载作用下的工作机理,以解决空心钢管混凝土柱空心率较大和延性差等问题。方法 对配筋空心圆钢管高强混凝土短柱进行轴压试验,利用ABAQUS有限元分析软件建立组合柱的有限元模型,以试验结果验证有限元模型的准确性。对组合柱的受力工作机理进行分析,重点研究其在轴向荷载作用下的受力过程、各组分分担内力比例和应力状态。结果 与空心圆钢管高强混凝土柱相比,未配置普通钢筋的试件峰值承载力提升了6.37%、DI提高了6.64%、SI提高了3.59%,配置普通钢筋的试件峰值承载力提升了13.31%、DI提高了8.12%、SI提高了5.68%。整个受力过程中,管柱混凝土和夹层混凝土承载的内力比例分别为36.2%~39.7%和29.0%~30.6%。结论 配置普通钢筋的试件具有更高的承载能力和延性能力;夹层混凝土和管柱混凝土在加载过程中为主要受力组分;钢筋在加载前期基本不承担内力,进入塑性强化阶段才开始发挥作用。

单轴对称截面轴压构件弯扭失稳换算长细比的一般计算式

单轴对称截面轴压构件弯扭失稳的换算长细比是计算其极限荷载的重要参数。基于单轴对称截面轴压构件弯扭失稳的平衡微分方程,采用Galerkin法推导了4种边界约束条件弯扭失稳临界荷载的一元二次方程,并进一步得到了基于荷载比、双长细比的弯扭失稳换算长细比理论式。基于理论式,分别对比了我国现行标准GB 50017—2017中双角钢组合T形截面轴压构件扭转失稳、弯扭失稳的换算长细比,揭示了其中存在的问题;提出了新的双角钢组合T形截面轴压构件扭转失稳、弯扭失稳换算长细比的计算式,并与理论式的计算结果进行对比。结果表明,对于不同边界约束条件的轴压构件,其弯扭失稳临界荷载或换算长细比的形式不尽相同;相较于GB 50017—2017中的公式,所建议的双角钢组合T形截面轴压构件扭转失稳、弯扭失稳的换算长细比具有更高的精度,且适用于4种边界约束条件和115个等边双角钢组合T形截面、71个长肢相并的不等边双角钢组合T形截面和71个短肢相并的不等边双角钢组合T形截面。

负载下活性粉末混凝土钢筋网加固足尺混凝土柱轴压性能试验研究

为提高负载下钢筋混凝土(RC)柱的轴心抗压性能,使用活性粉末混凝土钢筋网(RPCSM)对负载下的RC足尺柱进行加固,设计制作了7根RC方柱试件,其中1根未加固对比柱、1根端部箍筋加密加固柱、2根RPCSM加固柱、3根端部箍筋加密RPCSM加固柱。考虑加固层厚度、钢筋网配筋率和端部箍筋加密对轴心受压RC柱性能的影响,进行了试验研究并分析了各试件的破坏模式、荷载-变形关系和应变变化规律。结果表明:加固柱的承载力提高了2.81~3.82倍;原混凝土柱与RPCSM加固层界面粘结可靠,共同工作良好;随着钢筋网配筋率的提高以及加固层厚度的增加,端部箍筋加密后整体性的提高,承载力和轴向变形能力提高,但延性有所下降。结合规范和破坏机理,给出了承载力计算公式,以促进该加固技术的推广。

高温后烧结普通砖砌体剪压复合抗剪性能试验研究

为了研究砖砌体结构在高温后的剪压复合受力性能,制作了84个砌体试件,进行了在不同高温后不同轴压比下的抗剪试验,得出砌体在高温后的抗剪强度和轴压比之间的变化规律,对高温后砌体试件在不同轴压比情况下的延性进行了分析。结果表明:在相同温度下,随着轴压比增大,砌体抗剪强度增大;轴压比一定时,随着温度升高,砌体抗剪强度减小。在0.1~0.5轴压比范围内,同一温度下,随着轴压比增加,砌体的延性不断增大;轴压比相同时,随着温度的升高,砌体延性逐渐降低。以常温下相同压应力为基准,200℃以内,轴压比为0.3时试件出现剪压破坏;400℃以上,轴压比为0.2时试件出现剪压破坏,高温使砌体剪压段提前。基于变摩擦系数的剪摩理论,计算出普通砖砌体抗剪强度公式的变摩擦系数;结合高温后砖砌体纯剪强度公式,得到以温度为变量的高温后砖砌体剪压复合抗剪强度计算公式。

高轴压比下小剪跨比剪力墙的抗震性能试验研究

通过5片不同轴压比下小剪跨比剪力墙构件的低周反复荷载试验,研究了高轴压比对小剪跨比剪力墙的破坏模式、受剪承载力、延性、刚度特征及耗能能力的影响,并对加载全过程中剪力墙腹板双向钢筋的受力情况及传力机制进行分析。研究结果表明:所有构件均发生了剪切破坏,并在高轴压力作用下发生了平面外的错动;高轴压比阻碍了裂缝的产生及发展,提高了构件的受剪承载力,但在构件达到峰值荷载后,强度和刚度退化剧烈,极限位移小,提高边缘约束构件配箍率可以有限地提高构件的变形能力、延性及耗能能力,但对破坏模式、传力机制的影响不大。轴压比对构件的传力机制有着显著的影响,当轴压比较小时,桁架作用明显,水平钢筋与竖向钢筋对受剪承载力的贡献相当,均能充分发挥作用;当轴压比较高时,拱作用明显,水平钢筋未能充分发挥作用,对受剪承载力的贡献有限,竖向钢筋主要对拱作用有贡献。

带T形钢翼缘的核心钢管混凝土组合柱轴压比限值研究

为了充分发挥带T形钢翼缘的核心钢管混凝土组合柱(T-CFST柱)的变形性能,保证柱在地震作用下能满足延性需求,通过理论推导和数值模拟,对T-CFST柱的延性和轴压比限值进行研究。基于大小偏心受压界限破坏建立了T-CFST柱的标准轴压比和设计轴压比计算公式,同时基于ABAQUS软件建立了T-CFST柱的精细化有限元模型,在验证有限元模型准确性的基础上,研究了高轴压比下不同影响因素对组合柱延性的影响,建议了不同含钢率、型钢强度、混凝土强度下组合柱的设计轴压比限值。结果表明:T-CFST柱延性随混凝土强度降低、截面含钢率降低、型钢强度提高、体积配箍率提高而提高;即使在较大轴压比时,柱的延性依然较好,T-CFST柱的轴压比限值在计算的基础上有所提高。

爆炸荷载线性强化抗力模型梁构件动力系数研究

目前梁构件抗爆设计动力系数计算常采用理想弹塑性抗力模型,制约着塑性强化抗力构件的精细化抗爆设计。为解决线性强化抗力类型梁构件的爆炸作用动力系数计算问题,由抗力强化系数和阻尼比数值大小关系,分三种情况推导了柔性和刚性两类构件关于延性比的动力系数解析解。有限元分析及规范对比算例表明,本文推导理论公式精度较高,与抗爆设计规范公式计算结果趋势相似;延性比为1时,抗力强化系数与动力系数无关;延性比大于1且抗力强化系数小于0.01时,可忽略抗力强化系数的影响;延性比大于2时,需考虑阻尼参数后完成抗爆设计分析;延性比大于3时且抗力强化系数大于0.1时,线性强化抗力模型具有较好经济效益。

不出筋密拼接预制剪力墙受弯性能试验研究

对6个不出筋密拼接预制剪力墙足尺试件进行拟静力试验,分析了轴压比和边缘构件纵筋配筋率对不出筋密拼接预制剪力墙受弯承载力的影响。结果表明:不出筋密拼接预制剪力墙试件破坏损伤区域主要集中在竖向插筋孔和纵向凹槽壁处;试验轴压比为0.20~0.30时,墙体受弯承载力和刚度随轴压比增大而提高,轴压比较大时,提高幅度明显减小;边缘构件纵筋配筋率在1.16%~2.36%时,随着配筋率增大,墙体承载力和初始刚度提高,刚度退化速度加快,延性降低。可通过JGJ 3—2010《高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程》中现浇钢筋混凝土剪力墙受弯承载力公式进行受弯承载力计算,计算结果偏安全。

钢板夹心混凝土组合剪力墙的变形能力研究

为研究钢板夹心混凝土组合剪力墙的变形能力,该文基于平截面假定推导了钢板夹心混凝土组合剪力墙的截面曲率延性系数,并利用等效塑性铰假定进一步得到其位移延性系数,通过已有试验结果验证了该计算方法的可靠性。利用该计算方法研究了轴压比、端柱套箍指标、剪力墙高宽比、钢板强度、混凝土强度等参数对钢板夹心混凝土组合剪力墙位移延性系数的影响。研究表明:通过控制剪力墙轴压比,适当提高端柱套箍指标,使用低强度钢材以及设置有效构造隔板可有效保证剪力墙的变形能力。

中空夹层钢管混凝土构件轴压性能有限元分析

为探明中空夹层钢管混凝土(CFDST)构件轴压性能的影响因素,在已有钢管混凝土柱轴压试验基础上,构建数值分析模型,开展长径比、空心率、内钢管壁厚、夹层混凝土抗压强度等参数对中空夹层钢管混凝土构件轴压性能的影响规律的研究。研究结果表明:研究参数范围内,轴压极限承载力随内钢管壁厚、夹层混凝土强度的增大,空心率、长径比的减小而增大。内钢管壁厚增大1 mm,轴压极限承载力提高2.9%~3.7%,承载力增长系数增大约0.7%;混凝土强度从C40增加到C90,圆截面试件轴压承载力增大了68%;方截面试件轴压承载力增大了53%;空心率每增大0.1,轴压极限承载力降低3.4%~8.7%,承载力增长系数减小约5%;圆截面试件长径比从2.2增大到7.2,承载力下降了3%。方截面试件长径比从2.2增大到5.7,承载力下降10%。长径比对构件的极限承载力影响,明显低于空心率、内钢管壁厚和内填混凝土强度对构件极限承载力的影响程度。随着试件长径比的增加,试件承载力峰值有所下降,但其承载力达到峰值时的位移量不断增大,表明构件延性有所提高。随内填混凝土强度的提高,试件的承载力峰值和达到峰值时的位移都有所提高,说明增大内填混凝土强度在提高钢管混凝土承载力的同时还能改善试件的延性性能。

C80 高强混凝土柱延性的试验研究

通过１５根Ｃ８０高强混凝土柱在低周反复荷载作用下受力性能的试验研究，分析了混凝土强度、轴压比、配箍率、箍筋强度、纵向钢筋配筋率等因素对构件延性的影响．在满足构件有限延性（μΔ≥３）的基础上提出了Ｃ８０高强混凝土柱在不同抗震等级下轴压比的限值和柱加密区箍筋最小体积配箍率的建议值，可供设计参考．

大开地铁车站地震破坏模拟与机理分析

1995年日本阪神地震中塌毁的大开地铁车站震害事例引起了人们对地下结构抗震问题前所未有的关注和重视。针对这一震害事例,国内外已开展了大量的理论、数值和试验研究工作,对震害机理和破坏模式等进行了深入、系统的解析,但迄今并未形成一种系统性的共识。基于大开地铁车站三维非线性数值分析模型,采用时域显式整体分析方法,从围岩土体对浅埋地下结构的两种地震作用效应、组成结构构件不同的受力功能,以及关键构件的力学性能与体系受力分配改变导致的侧墙、中柱变形能力不协调等方面,系统阐述了大开地铁车站的地震破坏机理和失效模式,并提出了抗震关键支撑柱概念。

钢骨-方钢管高强混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

通过14根组合柱试件在高轴向压力和低周反复水平荷载作用下的试验,研究了钢骨-方钢管高强混凝土柱的抗震性能。试验结果表明,该组合柱滞回曲线饱满,具有良好的耗能能力;轴压比、混凝土强度、宽厚比、含骨率等参数对组合柱的极限承载力和刚度具有显著影响,但是延性和耗能主要受轴压比和含骨率影响,其中轴压比是最主要的因素;钢骨的加入使方钢管高强混凝土柱的位移延性系数有了显著提高,但是当内填混凝土强度很高时,为了满足抗震设计的要求,保证组合柱具有良好的延性,仍有必要对其轴压比的限值作出规定。研究成果可为钢骨-方钢管高强混凝土柱在高烈度地震区的应用提供参考。