Low-Cost Automated PV Panel Dust Cleaning System for Rural Communities

Dust accumulation on photovoltaic (PV) panels degrades PV panels’ performance;leading to decreased power output and consequently high cost per generated kilowatt. Research addressing the severity of dust accumulation on PV panels has been ongoing since the 1940s, but proposed solutions have tended to increase the cost of PV systems either from oversizing or from cleaning the system. The objective of this work, therefore, is to design and implement a low-cost affordable automated PV panel dust cleaning system for use in rural communities of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA);where financial resources are limited and significantly strained in meeting livelihood activities. Complete design and implementation details of a prototype system are provided for easy replication and capitalization on PV systems for sustainable energy needs. The system detects dust based on the innovative use of light-dependent resistors. Testing and observation of the system in operational mode reveal satisfactory performance;measured parameters quantify a power output increase of 33.76% as a result of cleaning dust off the PV panel used in the study.

Overview of Factors Affecting Dust Deposition on Photovoltaic Cells and Cleaning Methods

Dust deposition on the surface of photovoltaic (PV) cells poses a significant challenge to their efficiency, especially in arid regions characterized by desert and semi-desert conditions. Despite the pronounced impact of dust accumulation, these regions offer optimal solar radiation and minimal cloud cover, making them ideal candidates for widespread PV cell deployment. Various surface cleaning methods exist, each employing distinct approaches. Choosing an appropriate cleaning method requires a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms involved in both dust deposition on module surfaces and dust adhesion to PV cell surfaces. The mechanisms governing dust deposition and adhesion are complex and multifaceted, influenced by factors such as the nature and properties of the dust particles, environmental climatic conditions, characteristics of protective coatings, and the specific location of the PV installation. These factors exhibit regional variations, necessitating the implementation of diverse cleaning approaches tailored to the unique conditions of each location. The first part of this article explores the factors influencing dust deposition on PV cell surfaces, delving into the intricate interplay of environmental variables and particle characteristics. Subsequently, the second part addresses various cleaning methods, offering an analysis of their respective advantages and disadvantages. By comprehensively examining the factors influencing dust accumulation and evaluating the effectiveness of different cleaning strategies, this article aims to contribute valuable insights to the ongoing efforts to optimize the performance and longevity of photovoltaic systems in diverse geographical contexts.

An Experimental and Numerical Study on the Cleaning of Pleated Bag Filters Using Low-Pressure Pulsed-Jets

Pulsed-jet cleaning is recognized as the most efficient method to regenerate bag dust collectors traditionally used in industrial processes to control the emission of particulates.In this study,non-woven needle felt filter bags with and without a film coating material have been analyzed considering different geometries(different number N of pairs of pleated filter bag sides)in the frame of dedicated low-pressure pulsed-jet cleaning experiments.The flow structure inside the bag and the response characteristics of its wall have also been analyzed numerically through a computational fluid-dynamics/structural-dynamics(CFD-CSD)unidirectional fluid-solid coupling method.As shown by the experiments,the peak pressure(P_(0))on the wall of the filter bag with N=8 and 12 is higher,which indicates dust can be removed more effectively in these cases.The peak pressure on the wall increases first and then decreases along the direction of the bag length,while the peak pressure of the pleated filter bag with nonwoven needled felt film coating is greater than that without film coating.A comprehensive analysis of the time variation of acceleration,deformation,strain,stress and other factors,has led to the conclusion that the pleated filter bag with N=12 would be the optimal choice.

Solar Panels Cleaning Frequency for Maximum Financial Profit

Allowing the dust to accumulate on solar panels without adequate cleaning leads to huge monetary losses. Proper judgment of when to call for washing of solar panels is a compromise between gross costs of cleaning the panels and how much reduction in efficiency of solar panels can be tolerated. In this paper, we derive a formula for the optimal number of days between cleaning cycles of a solar array by minimizing the cost of cleaning the array and the lost revenue from the unclean panels. The formula will aid in deciding cleaning periods based on the environment in which the solar panels are installed and cost incurred from undertaking the washing process.

Closer Approximation to Optimize Solar Panels Performance with Cleaning Cycle: A Follow-Up

The performance of solar panels significantly degrades due to dust accumulation but cleaning too frequently will severely impact the financial benefits of the installation of solar panels. This paper assumes a realistic linear model for accumulation of dust on the solar panels and the resulting hourly average of absolute loss of efficiency in solar panels. This model accurately depicts the fact that energy production by solar panels occurs during sunshine hours only and also accounts for the degradation in the efficiency of solar panels due to dust accumulation throughout the entire day. Based on this, the optimal number of days for maximum financial profit and the critical number of days (above which there is no profit in installing solar panels) have been estimated. Furthermore, we have suggested a formalism to help estimate the finances for self-cleaning technology for PV system and also for calculating the minimum payback period for installing solar panels with the financial cost of the cleaning cycles properly considered. This research could be motivation for companies in developing self-cleaning mechanism for PV system.

卧式三角型滤筒的脉冲喷吹清灰性能

【目的】为优化卧式三角型滤筒除尘器的清灰性能,探究不同喷吹气流对滤筒内部压力分布的影响,获得不同喷吹孔型式对三角型滤筒的清灰性能的影响规律。【方法】分别采用直管喷吹孔、文氏里管、散射喷嘴、新型曲面诱导引射器共4种喷吹孔型式的诱导引流装置对卧式三角型滤筒开展冷态脉冲实验,以侧壁压强峰值和相对标准偏差作为评价清灰性能的技术指标,分别探讨不同条件下的喷吹射流对滤筒内壁压力分布的影响。【结果】在喷吹压强分别设为0.3、0.4、0.5 MPa的条件下,采用直管、文丘里管、新型曲面诱导引射器时喷吹距离分别设为150、200、250、300、350、400 mm,采用散射喷嘴时喷吹距离分别设为25、50、75、100、125、150、175 mm,则采用直管、文丘里管、散射喷嘴、新型曲面诱导引射器时的平均侧壁压强峰值分别为1037、1758、952、1533 Pa,相对标准偏差分别为0.76、0.58、0.09、0.16;采用新型曲面诱导引射器喷吹孔时,比采用散射喷嘴时的清灰强度高61%,比采用文丘里管时的相对标准偏差小0.47。【结论】新型曲面诱导引射器同时兼顾对侧壁压强峰值和相对标准偏差的要求,在4种喷吹孔型式中清灰性能最佳。

特大型硫磺储运系统粉尘防控技术应用总结

普光天然气净化厂设计硫磺产能2.4 Mt/a,是亚洲最大的硫磺生产基地。针对该厂特大型硫磺储运系统存在的皮带输送单元落地硫磺粉尘扩散、地下廊道硫磺粉尘超标、装车单元粉尘闪爆等安全隐患,围绕固体硫磺仓储、输送、装车环节开展粉尘风险防控难题攻关,研究皮带机集成清扫、地下廊道粉尘消减及粉尘闪爆综合治理技术,形成了特大型固体硫磺储运系统全流程粉尘防控关键技术,实现了安全清洁生产,提高了装置本质安全水平。

新疆地区光伏组件的积灰情况及除灰方法调研

文章针对新疆地区光伏组件的积灰特点及除灰方法应用现状展开调查与研究。通过实地走访和数据收集,分析了新疆东北部和中西部地区光伏组件积灰的特点以及目前应用的除灰方法,包括水洗、自然清洗等。调研发现,新疆地区的光伏电站受到沙漠沙尘的影响,积灰情况相对严重,但合适的清洁方式和频率对发电效率有显著影响。针对不同地区的情况,该研究提出了相应的清洁建议和技术应用,可进一步指导新疆地区光伏电站的运行和维护。

对撞式喷吹与环形隔板协同改进除尘滤筒清灰性能研究

针对干式过滤除尘器的滤筒存在清灰“盲区”且整体清灰效果不足的问题,通过数值模拟研究了环形隔板安设和对撞式喷吹策略对滤筒内喷吹流场的影响,考察了环形隔板尺寸、喷吹压力比PR对喷吹强度、喷吹均匀性、综合静压和喷吹耗气量的影响,分析了对撞喷吹与环形隔板对滤筒清灰的协同作用效果,探究了环形隔板及对撞喷吹最佳清灰参数。研究结果表明:①环形隔板有利于减少滤筒顶部开口面积,抑制反弹的喷吹气流从开口处逸出,减小能量损失,环形隔板尺寸外径和内径[R,r]=[120,45]mm时滤筒的清灰性能最佳。②提高对撞式喷吹的PR值有利于对撞形成的相对高压区域在滤筒内上移,但PR过大会导致底部喷吹气流径直通过环形隔板中心而失去有效阻挡;分段对喷PR=[1.00,1.00,1.33,2.00]模式在保证喷吹性能的同时可以降低消耗的压缩气体,与环形隔板协同作用时尤其有利于促进滤筒上部区域对撞形成静压的蓄积,显著提升喷吹效果。③在推荐的最佳清灰参数([R,r]=[120,45]mm、喷吹压力比PR=[1.00,1.00,1.33,2.00])条件下,较普通单向喷吹时滤筒上部区域喷吹静压提升了249.1%、整体喷吹强度提升了63.0%、综合静压提升了111.6%、均匀性提升了26.7%。

低硫精矿焙烧系统清洁生产实践

分析了铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司铜冠冶化分公司的低品位硫精矿焙烧系统存在的问题,针对现场跑冒滴漏等现象,采用有效的技术和设备确保了焙烧系统的稳定运行和清洁生产,减少了生产现场扬尘污染,实现了污水梯级利用和固体废渣的回收利用。

吹灰上料拆包工艺自动化设备的设计与应用

在海洋石油勘探开发大宗料服务方面,吹灰上料拆包作业存在着人工劳动强度大、粉尘外溢严重、作业效率低、耗用机具人力多、职业健康安全隐患大等问题。为解决这些问题,文章设计了一款工艺自动化拆包设备,集成吨包输送、抓取、破包、粉料传输、废袋回收、密闭除尘等功能于一体,实现了吨包拆破自动化、密闭除尘和废袋自动收集的目标。这达到预期效果,消除破包环节人工操作模式,降低工人操作强度,减少机具人力占用消耗,消除粉尘外溢,改善提高工人作业环境。

汉钢冶金粉尘在烧结工序综合回收利用的研究

汉钢烧结厂通过冶金粉尘清洁运输、分类堆储及消化,建立了冶金粉尘应对调整模型,实现了钢铁企业冶金粉尘在烧结工序的综合回收利用,这一创新举措不仅有效地降低了烧结工序生产成本,实现了冶金粉尘的清洁运输,还为冶金行业提供了可持续发展的解决方案。

洗煤厂破碎筛分除尘系统升级改造可行性研究

为了优化厂区工作环境,实现全面清洁生产的目标,针对山西某洗煤厂破碎筛分工序的扬尘问题,通过分析现有设备运行现状,结合行业标准及设计规范要求,得到了符合现场实际生产情况的除尘系统升级改造方案,并对方案进行系统性验算,以确保方案的合理性,既提高了工人工作环境质量,又降低了矿粉以扬尘的形式流失,实现厂区的达标排放要求,具有良好的社会效益。

纳米涂层光伏组件的清洗效果及清洗周期研究

以光伏组件表面污垢为研究对象,利用纳米清洗剂对光伏组件表面污垢进行清洗后,在光伏组件表面涂覆纳米涂层,研究灰尘等污垢对纳米涂层光伏组件发电效率的影响。以某实际光伏电站为例,进行了清洗加涂层处理、只做清洗处理、不做任何处理的3组光伏组串对比实验,并收集了以年为测试时间段的光伏组串单瓦发电量为基础数据,计算得到了光伏组串的发电效率差值和能效提升率。实验结果显示:测试时间内,相较于只做清洗处理的光伏组串,清洗加涂层处理的光伏组串的发电效率差值均值高7.6%;且纳米涂层光伏组件适用于多雨潮湿地区的光伏电站,光伏组件表面积灰越快清洗成本回收越快。

光伏板清洁装置的优缺点分析与前景展望

通过对比分析太阳能光伏板清洁装置在太阳能光伏板清洁行业中的发展与应用,系统地介绍了市面上现有各类太阳能光伏板清洁装置在各层次上的优缺点,通过对国家政策、太阳能发电行业发展趋势的对比分析,总结出我国太阳能光伏发电板清洁行业未来的发展方向及光伏板清洁装置发展的巨大潜力。

鼠浪湖矿石码头皮带机系统环境治理的研究与应用

皮带机是一种常用的物料输送设备,广泛应用于矿石码头等场所,本文旨在探讨专业铁矿石码头皮带机系统扬尘治理的问题。首先对皮带机系统扬尘的特点进行分析,明确扬尘易发部位及其特点,其次指出传统除尘技术存在的问题,最后提出一套新的技术方案,并对其实施效果进行了阐述。

输煤系统粉尘治理策略研究

针对输煤系统转载环节粉尘治理难度大的问题,根据输煤系统输送物料的特性,通过分析输煤系统转载环节粉尘产生的机理,结合粉尘治理技术现状,多维度针对各环节粉尘治理采取措施,提出了可用于输煤系统转载环节的多方案组合式粉尘治理策略。结合输煤系统现场水源条件,分别建立有水及无水条件下的粉尘综合治理方案,在实际工程案例中加以应用,检测应用前后转载环节粉尘浓度,验证了所述综合治理方案的可行性,为今后输煤系统粉尘治理方案的选择提供了参考。

管道清扫机器人的研究及在粮油行业中的应用

针对现有管道清扫机器人的工作原理、结构、特点、存在的问题,对其结构进行新的设计。新设计的自动行走、粉尘防爆、长度定位和多模式操作,具有结构简便、电气粉尘防爆的优点,该新设计的多模式操作适用于多种集尘环境的清扫工作,同时拓展了粉尘防爆场合的应用。最后阐述了该新设计的优点、特点及其使用前景。

智能清扫机器人在屋顶分布式光伏电站中的应用

随着国家“双碳”战略的实施,分布式光伏电站作为集中式光伏电站的有效补充应用形式得到了快速发展。由于分布式光伏电站多建于工厂、园区、车站等建筑的屋顶,在进行光伏组件清洗时面临清洗人员高处坠落风险大、清洗次数多等困难。以某屋顶分布式光伏电站为例,首先对传统人工清洗方式存在的问题进行分析,然后针对这些问题提出利用智能清扫机器人进行清扫的解决方案,并对智能清扫机器人实际应用效果进行验证。研究结果显示:采用智能清扫机器人清扫的光伏阵列的总发电量可提升21.2%,在该提升幅度下,对于5.324 MW的屋顶分布式光伏电站而言,使用智能清扫机器人清扫可比采用人工清洗方式清扫每月多提升63.74万kWh的发电量,每年增加的发电量收益为50.77万元,1~2年即可回收智能清扫机器人的初始投资成本。以期该研究结果为分布式光伏电站提升运维效率、降低运维成本提供参考。

光伏组件表面积灰监控系统设计与实现

光伏组件表面积灰会影响组件的发电效率,降低光伏电站运行的经济性。为了能够监测光伏电站中组件表面的积灰状态,进而基于监测数据进行光伏电站清洗运维优化方法的研究,提出一种光伏电站组件表面积灰监控系统。该系统中,下位机采用STM32F407微处理器扩展ADS1256模数转换器采集与积灰相关的多种传感器信号,并通过无线传输模块将数据传给上位机监控软件。基于LabVIEW开发的上位机监控软件通过串口接收数据,处理并存储数据后,根据相应数据对光伏电站的清洗时间进行优化。经过实验测试,本系统能够准确地采集、传输、处理和储存数据,监测光伏电站组件表面的积灰状态并实现电站清洗时间的规划,对光伏电站清洗运维优化有重要意义。