In this study,to better understand the reaction mechanism between inorganic salts and nitrocellulose,CaCO_(3) and Li_(2)CO_(3) were evaluated with respect to their effects on the thermal degradation of NC in nitrogen ...In this study,to better understand the reaction mechanism between inorganic salts and nitrocellulose,CaCO_(3) and Li_(2)CO_(3) were evaluated with respect to their effects on the thermal degradation of NC in nitrogen atmosphere using TG/DSC at three different heating rates(2,5,10 K/min).The numerical relationship between activation energy(E)and conversion rate was obtained by FWO and KAS method,and it was discovered that CaCO_(3) could improve the thermal stability of NC.Activation energy values were calculated by Kissinger method,and it was found that NC that contain Li2CO3had the highest activation energy while NC containing CaCO3had the lowest E value.By combining the thermal analysis data with Malek method,the most probable mechanism model of thermal degradation is obtained as Sesták-Berggren model,which expression is f(α)=α^(m)(1-α)^(n).As a result of this study,there are certain guiding principles that can be applied to the pyrolysis reaction model and to the actual production process of nitrocellulose.展开更多
The calculation theories and analysis methods of thermodynamic stability of embankment engineering in cold regions are systematically summarized.The engineering theories and methods taken to control frost heave and th...The calculation theories and analysis methods of thermodynamic stability of embankment engineering in cold regions are systematically summarized.The engineering theories and methods taken to control frost heave and thaw settlement in seasonal frozen soil regions may not be applicable in permafrost regions.The active cooling technology of roadbed should be utilized to limit the effects caused by both climate changes and human engineering activities.The paper mainly discussed the calculation theories and analysis methods of four kinds of embankment structures,i.e.,the crushed-rock embankment,duct-ventilated embankment,thermosyphon embankment,and composite embankment.It is expected that a scientific basis could be provided for the theory,design,and application of embankment constructions in cold regions.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grants No.52176114 and 52111530091)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent。
文摘In this study,to better understand the reaction mechanism between inorganic salts and nitrocellulose,CaCO_(3) and Li_(2)CO_(3) were evaluated with respect to their effects on the thermal degradation of NC in nitrogen atmosphere using TG/DSC at three different heating rates(2,5,10 K/min).The numerical relationship between activation energy(E)and conversion rate was obtained by FWO and KAS method,and it was discovered that CaCO_(3) could improve the thermal stability of NC.Activation energy values were calculated by Kissinger method,and it was found that NC that contain Li2CO3had the highest activation energy while NC containing CaCO3had the lowest E value.By combining the thermal analysis data with Malek method,the most probable mechanism model of thermal degradation is obtained as Sesták-Berggren model,which expression is f(α)=α^(m)(1-α)^(n).As a result of this study,there are certain guiding principles that can be applied to the pyrolysis reaction model and to the actual production process of nitrocellulose.
基金supported by the Western Project Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZCX2-XB3-19)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41230630)+2 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB026102)the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZCX2-EW-QN301)the Project for Incubation of Specialists inGlaciology and Geocryology of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(J1210003/J0109)
文摘The calculation theories and analysis methods of thermodynamic stability of embankment engineering in cold regions are systematically summarized.The engineering theories and methods taken to control frost heave and thaw settlement in seasonal frozen soil regions may not be applicable in permafrost regions.The active cooling technology of roadbed should be utilized to limit the effects caused by both climate changes and human engineering activities.The paper mainly discussed the calculation theories and analysis methods of four kinds of embankment structures,i.e.,the crushed-rock embankment,duct-ventilated embankment,thermosyphon embankment,and composite embankment.It is expected that a scientific basis could be provided for the theory,design,and application of embankment constructions in cold regions.
