Dynamic Update Scheme of Spectrum Information Based on Spectrum Opportunity Incentive in the Database-Assisted Dynamic Spectrum Management

To solve the problem of delayed update of spectrum information(SI) in the database assisted dynamic spectrum management(DB-DSM), this paper studies a novel dynamic update scheme of SI in DB-DSM. Firstly, a dynamic update mechanism of SI based on spectrum opportunity incentive is established, in which spectrum users are encouraged to actively assist the database to update SI in real time. Secondly, the information update contribution(IUC) of spectrum opportunity is defined to describe the cost of accessing spectrum opportunity for heterogeneous spectrum users, and the profit of SI update obtained by the database from spectrum allocation. The process that the database determines the IUC of spectrum opportunity and spectrum user selects spectrum opportunity is mapped to a Hotelling model. Thirdly, the process of determining the IUC of spectrum opportunities is further modelled as a Stackelberg game by establishing multiple virtual spectrum resource providers(VSRPs) in the database. It is proved that there is a Nash Equilibrium in the game of determining the IUC of spectrum opportunities by VSRPs. Finally, an algorithm of determining the IUC based on a genetic algorithm is designed to achieve the optimal IUC. The-oretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed method can quickly find the optimal solution of the IUC, and ensure that the spectrum resource provider can obtain the optimal profit of SI update.

Design and validation of real-time dynamic spectrum management in OFDM-based HNPLC systems

Time-varying frequency selective attenuation and colored noises are unfavorable characteristics of power line communication(PLC) channels of the low voltage networks.To overcome these disadvantages,a novel real-time dynamic spectrum management(DSM) algorithm in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)-based high-speed narrow-band power line communication(HNPLC) systems is proposed,and the corresponding FPGA circuit is designed and realized.Performance of the proposed DSM is validated with a large amount of network experiments under practical PLC circumstance.As the noise in each narrow subcarrier is approximately Gaussian,the proposed DSM adopts the BER/SER expression formulized via the AWGN channel to provide a handy and universal strategy for power allocation.The real-time requirement is guaranteed by choosing subcarriers in group and employing the same modulation scheme within each transmission.These measures are suitable for any modulation scheme no matter the system criterion is to maximize data rate or minimize power/BER.Algorithm design and hardware implementation of the proposed DSM are given with some flexible and efficient conversions.The DSM circuit is carried out with Xilinx KC705.Simulation and practical experiments validate that the proposed real-time DSM significantly improves system performance.

Solving Dynamic Spectrum Management Problem Based on Cloud Computing Using Genetic Algorithm

With the rapid development of wireless sensor network （WSN）, the demands of limited radio frequency spectrum rise sharply, thereby dealing with the frequency assignment of WSN scientifically and efficiently becomes a popular topic. To improve the frequency utilization rate in WSN, a spectrum management system for WSN combined with cloud computing technology should be considered. From the optimization point of view, the study of dynamic spectrum management can be divided into three kinds of methods, including Nash equilibrium, social utility maximization, and competitive economy equilibrium. In this paper, we propose a genetic algorithm based approach to allocate the power spectrum dynamically. The objective is to maximize the sum of individual Shannon utilities with the background interference and crosstalk consideration. Compared to the approach in [1], the experimental result shows better balance between efficiency and effectiveness of our approach.

Inter-operator spectrum sharing scheme for reconfigurable system

Bargaining based mechanism for sharing spectrum between radio access networks （RANs） belonging to multioperators is studied, to improve spectrum utilization efficiency and maximize network revenue. By introducing an intelligent agent, each RAN has the ability, which includes trading information exchanging, final decision making, and so on, to trade the spectrum with other RANs. The proposed inter-operator spectrum sharing mechanism is modeled as an infinite-horizon bargaining game with incomplete information, and the resulting bargaining game has unique sequential equilibrium. Consequently, the implementation is refined based on the analysis. Simulation results show that the proposed mechanism outperforms the conventional fixed spectrum management （FSM） method in network revenue, spectrum efficiency, and call blocking rate.