Detour for the inexperienced? Migration count data suggest mostly juvenile Greater Spotted Eagles appear in coastal peninsulas in China

Soaring bird migration often relies on suitable terrain and airflow;therefore,route selection is vital for successful migration.While age and experience have been identified as key factor influencing migration route selection among soaring raptors in the African-Eurasian Flyway,how they shape the migration route of soaring raptors in East Asia is still largely unknown.In this study,we investigated potential variations in the routes and timing in autumn migration of juvenile and older soaring birds,using count data of Greater Spotted Eagles(Clanga clanga)from two coastal sites and two inland sites in China.From 2020 to 2023,we recorded a total of 340 individuals,with the highest site averaging over 90 individuals per autumn,making it one of the world’s top single-season counts and thus a globally important site for this species.We found that 82% and 61% records from coastal sites were juveniles,significantly higher than inland sites(15% and 24%).Juveniles at all four sites exhibited markedly earlier median passage time than non-juveniles,with brief overlapping in their main migration periods.Both coastal sites are located on the tip of peninsulas stretching southwest,requiring long overwater flights if crossing the Bohai Bay or Beibu Gulf,which would be energetically demanding and increase mortality risk.Experienced individuals may have learned to avoid such terrain and subsequent detour,while juveniles are more prone to enter these peninsulas due to lack of experience and opportunities for social learning,or following other raptor species that are more capable of powered flight.Our findings highlight the importance of age and experience in migration route selection of large soaring birds.

Eagles Are Hovering at the Cradle of Love Songs

In the late autumn of 2007,the Southwest Branch of China Airlines sent offone A319 airbus,named B6238,to cross over Mt.Gongkya (7556 meters above sea level) and safely land at the Kangding Airport - which is acknowledged as the world's second highest airport.The success of the experimental flight ends the history of unavailabil- ity of civil airline flights in Garze Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province.It also marks the closure of the final preparation phase and readiness to move to the next stage-l...

Mercury concentrations in blood and feathers of nestling Bald Eagles in coastal and inland Virginia

Background:Mercury(Hg) and methylmercury are widely considered significant issues for wildlife,and in particular,piscivorous birds due to their widespread availability and neurotoxic properties.Whereas a substantial number of studies of Hg contamination of Bald Eagles(Haliaeetus leucocephalus) have been conducted throughout the east coast of the United States,little has been done that directly addresses Hg contamination in Bald Eagles in Virginia,particularly the inland population.Methods:We collected blood and feather samples from nestling Bald Eagles in the coastal plain,piedmont,and western regions of Virginia in an effort to determine which areas of the state were more likely to contain populations showing evidence of Hg toxicity.We analyzed the samples for total Hg using a Milestone DMA-80.Results:Samples collected from individuals located in the coastal region exhibited low concentrations of Hg compared to those further inland located on freshwater rivers and reservoirs.Samples collected from the inland population exhibited levels in some areas that are approaching what may be considered to be sub-lethal to avian health(blood:mean 0.324 mg/kg,SE = 0.13,range = 0.06-0.97 mg/kg;feather:mean = 8.433 mg/kg,SE = 0.3,range = 3.811-21.14 mg/kg).Conclusions:Even after accounting for known point-sources of Hg,the inland eagle population in Virginia is susceptible to concentrations of Hg that are significantly higher than their coastal counterparts.Moreover,several locations besides those currently known to be impacted by point-sources are exhibiting concentrations that are approaching a sub-lethal level.

Seasonal Abundance and Diversity of Birds of Prey and Owls in Al Wathba Wetland Reserve in Abu Dhabi, UAE

Inland wetlands in Abu Dhabi Emirate are wintering and stopover sites for migratory birds of prey. We conducted long-term regular monitoring surveys in Al Wathba Wetland Reserve (AWWR) from January 1995 to December 2022. Both diurnal and occasionally nocturnal surveys were undertaken to record the migratory raptors and owls in the Wetland Reserve. During the study, a total of 1282 regular monitoring visits were undertaken and 27 species of diurnal raptors and owls representing five families and three orders were detected. These represent 57% of the total species of birds of prey recorded in the UAE. Overall, 63% of all the species that we observed were Accipitriformes followed by 26% Falconiformes and 11% Strigiformes. We found that changes in mean daily temperature have a positive effect on raptor species diversity and abundance in the Wetland Reserve. The species encounter rate was higher in low temperature as compared to high temperature and overall regression equation was statistically significant F (4, 1126) = 8.49), p = 0.00). However, the numbers of raptors did not vary significantly across the years (p = 0.51). Western Marsh-harrier (Circus aeruginosus) and Greater Spotted Eagle (Clanga clanga) were recorded to be the most abundant species in the wetland reserve followed by Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus). However, the encounter rate of globally threatened Greater Spotted Eagle was detected to have significantly decreased since 2016. Moreover, 63% of the species detected were uncommon and rarely recorded such as 1) Saker Falcon 2) Lanner Falcon 3) Long-eared Owl & Merlin, which were the rare records from the wetland reserve. Furthermore, 27 years of regular monitoring in the wetland have yielded diverse diurnal raptors and owl fauna (H) = 0.83, (E) = 1.43 (Shannon Diversity Index). The results demonstrate that long-term monitoring surveys in arid environments are essential to determine the trends in the raptor populations and to document rare and globally important species.

欧安诺先进乏燃料容器制造厂投运

【法国欧安诺公司网站2024年10月17日报道】法国欧安诺公司(Orano)近日在法国诺曼底瑟堡港(Cherbourg)举行TN Eagle乏燃料容器制造厂投运仪式。该厂建设获得了“法国复兴”投资基金支持。该厂占地6600平方米,于2023年2月开工建设,专门用于制造乏燃料运输和干法贮存容器TN Eagle。

最新一代Eagle Stream平台服务器的主板工艺技术研究

随着Intel最新一代Eagle Stream平台的推出,该平台服务器将会占据未来的服务器主流市场。本文关于Eagle Stream平台服务器,围绕0.94 mm pitch背钻出双线、正、反面树脂塞孔+POFV和插入损耗需达到Ultra Low Loss要求这三个产品特点,分析了工艺上存在的挑战和难点,并列举介绍了关键工序和管控措施,以及相应的过程数据。

美国致密油开发现状及启示

美国页岩气勘探开发目前已进入快速发展阶段,同时也带动了页岩地层内致密油的开发。文中所指的致密油,是指以吸附或游离状态赋存于渗透率极低的暗色页岩、泥质粉砂岩和砂岩夹层系统中的自生自储、连续分布的石油聚集。目前,美国致密油的开发集中在Bakken,Eagle Ford和Barnett页岩区带内。其中Bakken致密油资源量为230×108t,可采资源量为5.9×108t,待发现资源量为3.7×108t油及相近数量的伴生气,2000年至今累计产油约2800×104t;Eagle Ford致密油赋存于区带北部,年产油约20×104t;Barnett待发现石油平均资源量为1400×104t,待发现致密油资源量为480×104t,其北区主要产油、南区主要产气,目前拥有8000余口生产井,截至2009年底,"致密油带"累计产油量达770×104t。我国广泛发育富有机质页岩,致密油的勘探潜力较大。

美国Eagle Ford页岩气开发对我国页岩气勘探开发的启示

据估计,我国的页岩气可采储量高达20万亿～36万亿m3,虽然我国页岩气储量评估处于初级阶段,但仍然可以肯定我国是页岩气资源丰富的国家之一,如果都能开发,按当前的天然气年产量计算,可以开发200多年。目前国内外多家企业聚焦中国,逐鹿页岩气,页岩气有望成为我国常规能源替代品,页岩气的勘探开发必将对我国乃至世界能源格局产生重大影响。但是由于页岩气储层致密,渗透率低至纳达西级,若不采取特殊的增产措施难以实现商业开发。美国是目前唯一实现页岩气商业开采的国家,技术和商业模式都相当成熟,中海石油斥资10多亿美元收购了美国页岩气主产区Eagle Ford 33.3%的股份,该地区页岩气地质储量高达6 000亿m3,开发前景广阔。为提升我国页岩气总体水平,笔者率领技术专家深入考察了美国Eagle Ford页岩气项目,增进了对水平钻井与分段压裂等关键技术的了解,同时分析了相应扶持政策,对中国页岩气的勘探开发具有重要的参考价值。

北美Eagle Ford深层页岩气藏开发特征及启示

我国四川盆地埋深3500 m以浅五峰组—龙马溪组超压页岩气已实现规模效益开发,目前正在探索埋深3500~4500 m深层页岩气有效开发技术。Eagle Ford为北美新兴深层页岩油气藏,与国内中深层开发区和深层探索区具备一定对比性,其开发技术政策及学习曲线可供参考借鉴。依托页岩气云数据智慧平台对2009—2019年Eagle Ford页岩油气藏干气产区6223口水平井的钻井、压裂、生产和成本参数进行系统分析。研究显示,Eagle Ford干气产区中深层开发效果大幅优于深层。目前中深层气井平均测深6013 m,水平段长2558 m,钻井周期25.3 d,平均段间距50.0 m,加砂强度3.81 t/m,用液强度24.2 m^(3)/m,百米段长最终可采储量(EUR)为677×10^(4)m^(3),单井钻压成本617万美元,百米水平段长压裂成本13.4万美元;深层气井平均测深6394 m,水平段长2423 m,钻井周期33.3 d,平均段间距50.0 m,加砂强度4.03 t/m,用液强度26.9 m^(3)/m,百米段长EUR为520×10^(4)m^(3),单井钻压成本697万美元,百米水平段长压裂成本16.1万美元。Eagle Ford干气产区工程组织施工效率高,水平井建井周期主要为100~150 d,目前建井周期100 d;不同水平段长对应单位钻压成本产气量呈三角形分布,中深层气井合理水平段长2300 m,深层气井合理水平段长1600 m。我国中深层成熟开发区应探索合理水平段长实现效益最大化,深层探索区初期应适当控制水平段长。

二三维联动的GIS系统体系结构构建技术

结合2维GIS的空间分析功能和3维GIS成熟的可视化技术,提出一个基于VREagle组件的二三维联动方式的GIS系统体系结构,实现了在数据层面和可视化层面上的系统二三维联动操作。通过某港区的应用系统项目开发中的实践证明,此体系结构能够为GIS系统提供逼真的3维交互界面,并辅助GIS空间分析功能的3维可视化效果。

Ether à go-go钾通道与恶性肿瘤

离子通道与恶性肿瘤的研究相关性日益受到重视,其中以钾通道的研究最为深入.Etheràgo-go钾通道(Eagl)由于在体内局限性分布、具有癌基因的特性以及在多种临床肿瘤组织中高频率表达的特点,已经成为前景乐观的恶性肿瘤诊治的靶点.本文综述Eagl钾通道与细胞周期和增殖的关系、致癌性及其致癌机制、在恶性肿瘤中的表达及其意义、分子成像技术检测活体内Eagl以及Eagl作为治疗靶点的实验研究进展.

关于CTL与EAGLE两种规划扩展目标表示语言的语义比较

在不确定的智能规划领域中,CTL和EAGLE是两种重要的扩展目标表示语言.虽然与CTL相比EAGLE具有可以表示规划意图和失败处理机制的特点,但是有关严格比较这两种目标表示语言语义的研究工作还不多.文章在规划的执行结构这一语义层次上对这两种语言做了严格的比较,证明了对于许多包括原来曾被认为无法用CTL表示的EAGLE规划目标而言,都存在着一个与之语义等价的CTL规划目标,并且进一步分析了这两种语言在表示规划目标和指导规划求解这两个层次上的优缺点.

茎突舌骨综合征23例诊治分析

目的:探讨茎突舌骨综合征的诊断和治疗特点。方法:对经手术治疗的23例茎突舌骨综合征的临床资料进行回顾性研究,探讨其临床症状、年龄、性别、茎突长度、临床检查等在该病中的特点,比较口咽径路和颈外径路手术治疗的价值。结果:(1)口咽部疼痛和异物感是该病的主要症状,占83%(19/23),其次为头痛、舌痛和耳部不适,占43%(10/23)。(2)女性发病多于男性。50～59岁和30～39岁为好发年龄,分别占43%(10/23)和30%(7/23)。(3)切除之茎突中91%(21/23)长度大于3cm,9%(2/23)的茎突短于3cm,但形态异常。(4)57%(13/23)的过长茎突可从口咽部触及。(5)通过颈外径路手术治疗能够安全、彻底地切除各种类型的病变茎突。结论:茎突舌骨综合征是头颈部疼痛的原因之一,完整的病史、仔细的茎突触诊以及影像学检查有助于该病的诊断。经颈外径路行茎突截除术是治疗该病的有效方法。

一种新的经口入路茎突截短术——扁桃体上极切开复位术

茎突综合征也称Eagle综合征，是因茎突过长或其方位、形态异常刺激邻近血管神经而引起的咽部异物感、咽痛或反射性耳痛、头颈部痛和涎液增多等症状的总称。常规治疗茎突综合征是经口内径路切除扁桃体后行茎突截短术。我院于2008年10月-2011年10月收治茎突综合征14例，其中5例采用“经口入路茎突截短术——扁桃体上极切开复位术”（以下简称“新方法”）的方法，现报道如下。

茎突综合征42例诊治分析

茎突综合征又称茎突过长征或Eagle综合征。茎突综合征由于茎突过长、方位异常可引起叫部异物感、咽痛、吞咽痛、头颈痛等症状，但由于症状的不明确性和多症状并存常导致误诊及漏诊而耽搁治疗[1]。其临床诊断主要根据病史、体征和辅助检查综合判断。本文回顾性分析我院近年来收治的茎突综合征患者的临床资料，从而为其明确诊断提供帮助，现报道如下。

1例Eagle综合征的临床表现、诊断及手术治疗

Eagle综合征,又称为茎突过长综合征,是一种与茎突伸长或舌骨韧带钙化相关的病症,临床上以咽喉部和颈部疼痛为特征,向耳部放射。本研究报道了1例64岁男性患有严重颈部疼痛和舌咽神经痛的病例。患者接受保守治疗2个月,并未报告症状改善。多学科医生会诊后,采取放射学研究(具有多平面重建和3D重建的计算机断层扫描)完成诊断。明确Eagle综合征的诊断后,患者接受外科茎突截短术,术后症状缓解。Eagle综合征临床特征为非特异性颅面部疼痛,临床诊断较为困难,借助影像学检查有助于明确诊断。鉴别诊断包括舌咽和三叉神经痛、颞动脉炎、偏头痛、肌筋膜疼痛功能障碍和颈椎关节炎。当疼痛为单侧且止痛药无效时,应始终怀疑Eagle综合征,尤其是成年女性,避免临床漏诊和误诊的发生。