目的对结直肠癌外科患者治疗过程中,快速康复(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)计划的应用价值进行分析。方法选择2020年7月1日—2022年3月1日常德市第一人民医院普通外科结直肠癌患者150例,按随机数字表法分为研究组与对照组,每...目的对结直肠癌外科患者治疗过程中,快速康复(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)计划的应用价值进行分析。方法选择2020年7月1日—2022年3月1日常德市第一人民医院普通外科结直肠癌患者150例,按随机数字表法分为研究组与对照组,每组各75例,分别对患者进行传统开腹手术+EARS计划与传统开腹手术治疗,分析两组并发症、炎症因子水平、首次下床活动时间、进食时间、术后住院天数、排气时间、排便时间、满意度。结果研究组术后住院天数、排便、首次下床活动、进食、排气时间等指标均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗有效率比较,研究组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组并发症发生率高于研究组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组炎症因子水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论EARS计划推广价值较高,可以抑制炎症因子水平,提升治疗效果,预后效果显著。展开更多
Ear morphological traits such as volume and shape are important features of maize and the quantitative associations among them can help understand kernel yield determination. 150 mature ears each of 4 maize cultivars ...Ear morphological traits such as volume and shape are important features of maize and the quantitative associations among them can help understand kernel yield determination. 150 mature ears each of 4 maize cultivars were collected from field experiments, and ear length(L), diameter(D), area(S) and volume(V) were recorded for individual ears, kernel weight per ear also recorded for a portion of the examined ears. Following principles of dimensional analysis, 8 theoretical equations of 3 sets,which relate ear higher dimensions to its length and diameter, were developed and parameterized and validated with the field observations. The 3 optimized equations showed that the shape of ears in maize can be featured with 3 dimensionless form factors, namely diameter-to-length ratio(c=D/L), areal form factor(b=S/L/D), and volumetric form factor(a=V/L/D/D). Statistically,all of them were significantly different among cultivars, and a's values varied from 0.582 to 0.612, and b's 0.839-0.868, and c's 0.242-0.308. Volumetric form factor and areal form factor could estimate precisely ear volume and area respectively, but diameter-to-length ratio was not suitable to estimate ear diameter by its length. Ear volume explained almost all variation of ear kernel weight and product L*D*D did the same substantially. Dimensional analysis proved to be promising in understanding relationship among morphological traits of ears in maize. Its application in crop researches should improve our knowledge of the physical properties of crop plants.展开更多
穗长是一个重要的农艺性状,与产量密切相关。一般配合力(general combining ability,GCA)是评价优异自交系的重要指标。因此,解析穗长GCA的遗传基础,制定相应的育种策略对玉米杂交种产量的提高具有重要意义。本研究以123个玉米自交系和...穗长是一个重要的农艺性状,与产量密切相关。一般配合力(general combining ability,GCA)是评价优异自交系的重要指标。因此,解析穗长GCA的遗传基础,制定相应的育种策略对玉米杂交种产量的提高具有重要意义。本研究以123个玉米自交系和8个测验种按照North Carolina II遗传交配设计组配的537个F1杂交种为试验材料,在2个环境下进行表型鉴定,利用玉米5.5 K液相育种芯片鉴定的11,734个SNP(single nucleotide polymorphisms)对2个环境以及综合环境穗长GCA进行多位点全基因组关联分析(multi-locus genome-wide association study,MGWAS)和基因组预测。利用7种MGWAS共检测到11个穗长GCA显著关联SNP标记(P<8.52E-07),单个位点解释GCA变异介于8.06%~28.23%之间。不同MGWAS共定位的SNP位点有5个。位点7_178103602在周口和综合环境利用mrMLM(multi-locus random-SNP-effect mixed linear model)方法重复检测到,可解释穗长GCA变异的26.02%~28.23%,为环境稳定的主效SNP。共挖掘10个候选基因,其中auxin amido synthetase 9和EID1-like F-box protein 2可能是控制穗长GCA的关键基因。5种随机效应模型对3个环境穗长GCA的预测准确性介于0.53~0.69之间,且模型间差异较小。在新乡和周口环境,GBLUP(genomic best linear unbiased prediction)和RKHS(reproducing kernel Hilbert space)整合不同显著位点作为固定效应均可提高穗长GCA基因组估计育种值的准确性,提高率为2.34%~14.98%,而在综合环境中除了利用FarmCPU(fixed and random model circulating probability unification)或BLINK(Bayesian-information and linkage-disequilibrium iteratively nested keyway)鉴定的1个显著位点作为固定效应会略降低预测精度外,其他2种MGWAS方法显著位点的加入均能提高基因组预测力,提高率为2.80%~6.84%。因此,MGWAS显著位点作为固定效应加入预测模型有利于提高穗长GCA基因组估计育种值的准确性,可用来对玉米亲本穗长GCA进行有效预测和选择。展开更多
Echolocation calls of 10 Chinese rhinolophid species were recorded to investigate the relationship between morphology and echolocation signals. All horseshoe bats use FM-CF-FM calls. Rhinolophus rex calls at 23.7 kHz,...Echolocation calls of 10 Chinese rhinolophid species were recorded to investigate the relationship between morphology and echolocation signals. All horseshoe bats use FM-CF-FM calls. Rhinolophus rex calls at 23.7 kHz, the lowest frequency in this genus. Call frequency was not correlated with body mass (P=0.200, 9 species). Close negative relationships were found between call frequency and ear length (r=-0.942, P<0.001) and also between call frequency and forearm length (r=-0.696, P<0.05). Residual analysis was carried out to remove the influence of other morphological features. After calculating ear length, forearm length residuals were not significantly related to call frequency (r=-0.095, P=0.808). The significance of the correlation between ear length and call frequency was slightly lowered (r=-0.642, P=0.062) after “removing” the influence of forearm length. Ear length, therefore, was a better predictor of call frequency than forearm length [Acta Zoologica Sinica 49(1):128-133,2003].展开更多
田间试验结果表明,蓖麻主穗长度不同,主穗的蒴果数、籽粒重均有差异,样株主穗长度在61～70 cm之间时,其蒴果数和籽粒重均较大,其次为主穗长度在71～80 cm 的样株,再次为主穗长度在51～60 cm 和41～50 cm 的样株,但百粒重之间差异不显著...田间试验结果表明,蓖麻主穗长度不同,主穗的蒴果数、籽粒重均有差异,样株主穗长度在61～70 cm之间时,其蒴果数和籽粒重均较大,其次为主穗长度在71～80 cm 的样株,再次为主穗长度在51～60 cm 和41～50 cm 的样株,但百粒重之间差异不显著;不同主穗长度下,各分枝的籽粒重和穗粒数也不同,41～50 cm 的植株最大,61～70 cm 的反而最小。从生物量的分配来看,营养体的比重较大,生殖体(主要是籽粒)所占比重较小。经统计回归建立了籽粒重与根重、籽粒重与茎叶重、茎叶重与根重、总生物量与根重的数学拟和模型,为进一步探讨其间的关系提供了参考依据。展开更多
文摘目的对结直肠癌外科患者治疗过程中,快速康复(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)计划的应用价值进行分析。方法选择2020年7月1日—2022年3月1日常德市第一人民医院普通外科结直肠癌患者150例,按随机数字表法分为研究组与对照组,每组各75例,分别对患者进行传统开腹手术+EARS计划与传统开腹手术治疗,分析两组并发症、炎症因子水平、首次下床活动时间、进食时间、术后住院天数、排气时间、排便时间、满意度。结果研究组术后住院天数、排便、首次下床活动、进食、排气时间等指标均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗有效率比较,研究组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组并发症发生率高于研究组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组炎症因子水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论EARS计划推广价值较高,可以抑制炎症因子水平,提升治疗效果,预后效果显著。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31271658)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0300306)
文摘Ear morphological traits such as volume and shape are important features of maize and the quantitative associations among them can help understand kernel yield determination. 150 mature ears each of 4 maize cultivars were collected from field experiments, and ear length(L), diameter(D), area(S) and volume(V) were recorded for individual ears, kernel weight per ear also recorded for a portion of the examined ears. Following principles of dimensional analysis, 8 theoretical equations of 3 sets,which relate ear higher dimensions to its length and diameter, were developed and parameterized and validated with the field observations. The 3 optimized equations showed that the shape of ears in maize can be featured with 3 dimensionless form factors, namely diameter-to-length ratio(c=D/L), areal form factor(b=S/L/D), and volumetric form factor(a=V/L/D/D). Statistically,all of them were significantly different among cultivars, and a's values varied from 0.582 to 0.612, and b's 0.839-0.868, and c's 0.242-0.308. Volumetric form factor and areal form factor could estimate precisely ear volume and area respectively, but diameter-to-length ratio was not suitable to estimate ear diameter by its length. Ear volume explained almost all variation of ear kernel weight and product L*D*D did the same substantially. Dimensional analysis proved to be promising in understanding relationship among morphological traits of ears in maize. Its application in crop researches should improve our knowledge of the physical properties of crop plants.
文摘穗长是一个重要的农艺性状,与产量密切相关。一般配合力(general combining ability,GCA)是评价优异自交系的重要指标。因此,解析穗长GCA的遗传基础,制定相应的育种策略对玉米杂交种产量的提高具有重要意义。本研究以123个玉米自交系和8个测验种按照North Carolina II遗传交配设计组配的537个F1杂交种为试验材料,在2个环境下进行表型鉴定,利用玉米5.5 K液相育种芯片鉴定的11,734个SNP(single nucleotide polymorphisms)对2个环境以及综合环境穗长GCA进行多位点全基因组关联分析(multi-locus genome-wide association study,MGWAS)和基因组预测。利用7种MGWAS共检测到11个穗长GCA显著关联SNP标记(P<8.52E-07),单个位点解释GCA变异介于8.06%~28.23%之间。不同MGWAS共定位的SNP位点有5个。位点7_178103602在周口和综合环境利用mrMLM(multi-locus random-SNP-effect mixed linear model)方法重复检测到,可解释穗长GCA变异的26.02%~28.23%,为环境稳定的主效SNP。共挖掘10个候选基因,其中auxin amido synthetase 9和EID1-like F-box protein 2可能是控制穗长GCA的关键基因。5种随机效应模型对3个环境穗长GCA的预测准确性介于0.53~0.69之间,且模型间差异较小。在新乡和周口环境,GBLUP(genomic best linear unbiased prediction)和RKHS(reproducing kernel Hilbert space)整合不同显著位点作为固定效应均可提高穗长GCA基因组估计育种值的准确性,提高率为2.34%~14.98%,而在综合环境中除了利用FarmCPU(fixed and random model circulating probability unification)或BLINK(Bayesian-information and linkage-disequilibrium iteratively nested keyway)鉴定的1个显著位点作为固定效应会略降低预测精度外,其他2种MGWAS方法显著位点的加入均能提高基因组预测力,提高率为2.80%~6.84%。因此,MGWAS显著位点作为固定效应加入预测模型有利于提高穗长GCA基因组估计育种值的准确性,可用来对玉米亲本穗长GCA进行有效预测和选择。
文摘Echolocation calls of 10 Chinese rhinolophid species were recorded to investigate the relationship between morphology and echolocation signals. All horseshoe bats use FM-CF-FM calls. Rhinolophus rex calls at 23.7 kHz, the lowest frequency in this genus. Call frequency was not correlated with body mass (P=0.200, 9 species). Close negative relationships were found between call frequency and ear length (r=-0.942, P<0.001) and also between call frequency and forearm length (r=-0.696, P<0.05). Residual analysis was carried out to remove the influence of other morphological features. After calculating ear length, forearm length residuals were not significantly related to call frequency (r=-0.095, P=0.808). The significance of the correlation between ear length and call frequency was slightly lowered (r=-0.642, P=0.062) after “removing” the influence of forearm length. Ear length, therefore, was a better predictor of call frequency than forearm length [Acta Zoologica Sinica 49(1):128-133,2003].
文摘田间试验结果表明,蓖麻主穗长度不同,主穗的蒴果数、籽粒重均有差异,样株主穗长度在61～70 cm之间时,其蒴果数和籽粒重均较大,其次为主穗长度在71～80 cm 的样株,再次为主穗长度在51～60 cm 和41～50 cm 的样株,但百粒重之间差异不显著;不同主穗长度下,各分枝的籽粒重和穗粒数也不同,41～50 cm 的植株最大,61～70 cm 的反而最小。从生物量的分配来看,营养体的比重较大,生殖体(主要是籽粒)所占比重较小。经统计回归建立了籽粒重与根重、籽粒重与茎叶重、茎叶重与根重、总生物量与根重的数学拟和模型,为进一步探讨其间的关系提供了参考依据。
