Scatter Search Based Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Earliness/Tardiness Flowshop Scheduling with Uncertainty

Considering the imprecise nature of the data in real-world problems, the earliness/tardiness （E/T） fiowshop scheduling problem with uncertain processing time and distinct due windows is concerned in this paper. A fuzzy scheduling model is established and then transformed into a deterministic one by employing the method of maximizing the membership function of middle value. Moreover, an effective scatter search based particle swarm optimization （SSPSO） algorithm is proposed to minimize the sum of total earliness and tardiness penalties. The proposed SSPSO algorithm incorporates the scatter search （SS） algorithm into the frame of particle swarm optimization （PSO） algorithm and gives full play to their characteristics of fast convergence and high diversity. Besides, a differential evolution （DE） scheme is used to generate solutions in the SS. In addition, the dynamic update strategy and critical conditions are adopted to improve the performance of SSPSO. The simulation results indicate the superiority of SSPSO in terms of effectiveness and efficiency.

Simulated Annealing for Earliness/Tardiness Production Planning Model

To describe the earliness/tardiness production planning problems in the JIT environment, a nonlinear semi\|infinite programming model was proposed in \. Due to a nonconvex objective function and many infinite constraints, the model is difficult to be solved by traditional methods. In this paper, simulated annealing method combined with a heuristic is developed. Numerical results shows that the present approach is very efficient. Theoretically, the developed method is an attempt to solve a continuous domain problem by using simulated annealing.

Scheduling problems on tardiness penalty and earliness award with simply linear processing time

In this paper, a single-machine scheduling model with a given common due date and simple linear processing times was considered. The objective is the total weighted tardiness penalty and earliness award. Some polynomial time solvable cases for this problem are given. A dynamic programming algorithm was provided and a branch and bound algorithm for general case of the problem was provided based on a rapid method for estimating the lower bound.

A dynamic programming algorithm for scheduling problems on earliness award and tardiness penalty with time-dependent processing time

In this paper, a single-machine scheduling model with a given common due date is considered. Job processing time is a linear decreasing function of its starting time. The objective function is to minimize the total weighted earliness award and tardiness penalty. Our aim is to find an optimal schedule so as to minimize the objective function. As the problem is NP-hard, some properties and polynomial time solvable cases of this problem are given. A dynamic programming algorithm for the general case of the problem is provided.

Identification and Gene Mapping of Completely Dominant Earliness in Rice

The completely dominant earliness was identified in a genie male-sterile and early maturing indica line 6442S-7. F1 progenies from 6442S-7 crossed with thirteen various types of medium- or late-maturing varieties, shared the same heading date as 6442S-7. The segregation of heading date in the F2 and B1F1 populations showed that the earliness of 6442S-7 is mainly controlled by two dominant major genes. The local linkage map of one dominant earliness gene harbored in 6442S-7 was constructed with F2 population and four kinds of molecular marker techniques. The results showed that the gene was located between a RFLP marker C515 and a RAPD marker OPI 11.557 on the terminal region of short arm of rice chromosome 3, 10.9cM and 1.5cM from C515 and OPI11.557, respectively. The genetic distances from the target gene to two SSR markers, RM22 and RM231, and one AFLP marker, PT671, were 3.0, 6.7 and 12.4 cM, respectively. This gene, being identified and mapped first, is designated tentatively as Ef-cd(t). As a new genetic resource of completely dominant earliness, 6442S-7 has splendid future in rice improvement.

Genetic Analysis of Earliness Traits in Short Season Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Inheritance and interrelationship of phenotype and genotype of earliness traits were evaluated in a diallel analysis involving six early-maturing parents. Date of first square （DFS）, date of first flower （DFF）, date of first open boll （DFOB）, number of node first sympodial branch （NNFSB）, and harvested rate before frost （HRBF） as earliness traits of six parents, 15 F1 hybrids and 15 F2 progenies were investigated from 2005 to 2008. The experiment design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Additive, dominance and epistasis effects were analyzed with ADAA （additive- dominance-epistasis） model. HRBF, DFF, and DFOB showed significant additive genetic variances. Heritability estimates ranged from 0.088 （HN, narrow sense） and 0.416 （HNE, environment interaction） for HRBF, to 0.103 （HN） and 0.524 （HNE） for DFF, and to 0.187 （HN） and 0.519 （H~） for DFOB. Dominance genetic effects for DFS, DFF, DFOB, and NNSFB were stronger than additive effects. Additive-by-additive epistatic effects for DFS, DFOB, and NNSFB were detected and affected by environment. Correlation analysis showed generally that HRBF had a significant negative genetic and phenotypic correlation with DFS, DFOB, and NNFSB; DFS had significant positive genetic and phenotypic correlations with DFF, DFOB, and NNFSB; significant positive genetic and phenotypic correlations were also detected between DFF and DFOB, DFF and NNFSB, DFOB and NNFSB. The results showed that the lower the node to the first fruiting branch and the shorter the plant, the earlier was the onset of squaring, flowering, and boll opening, the higher was the harvest rate before frost. Heredity of earliness traits among parents and their hybrids were also detected and parents A1, A2, Bl, B2, and B3 could be used to improve earliness traits of short season cotton cultivars.

Combined Timetabling Procedure and Complete Local Search for No-Wait Job Shop Scheduling with Total Tardiness

The strong non-deterministic polynomial-hard( NP-hard)character of job shop scheduling problem( JSSP) has been acknowledged widely and it becomes stronger when attaches the nowait constraint,which widely exists in many production processes,such as chemistry process, metallurgical process. However,compared with the massive research on traditional job shop problem,little attention has been paid on the no-wait constraint.Therefore,in this paper, we have dealt with this problem by decomposing it into two sub-problems, the timetabling and sequencing problems,in traditional frame work. A new efficient combined non-order timetabling method,coordinated with objective of total tardiness,is proposed for the timetabling problems. As for the sequencing one,we have presented a modified complete local search with memory combined by crossover operator and distance counting. The entire algorithm was tested on well-known benchmark problems and compared with several existing algorithms.Computational experiments showed that our proposed algorithm performed both effectively and efficiently.

No-Wait Flowshops to Minimize Total Tardiness with Setup Times

The m-machine no-wait flowshop scheduling problem is addressed where setup times are treated as separate from processing times. The objective is to minimize total tardiness. Different dispatching rules have been investigated and three were found to be superior. Two heuristics, a simulated annealing (SA) and a genetic algorithm (GA), have been proposed by using the best performing dispatching rule as the initial solution for SA, and the three superior dispatching rules as part of the initial population for GA. Moreover, improved versions of SA and GA are proposed using an insertion algorithm. Extensive computational experiments reveal that the improved versions of SA and GA perform about 95% better than SA and GA. The improved version of GA outperforms the improved version of SA by about 3.5%.

Isolation, Identification and Earliness Effect Analysis of Rice Dominant Earliness Gene Ef-cd

Ef-cd gene is a dominant earliness gene located on the short arm of rice chromosome 3. In this paper, through continuous backcross, self-pollination and molecular marker assisted selection, individual Ef-cd gene was isolated and its nearly isogenic lines were constructed by using early-maturing indica line 6442S-7 as the donor parent, and by using latematuring indica line Minghui 63 （MH63）, Shuhui 881 （SH881） and Shuhui 527 （SH527） as the recurrent parents （genetic background）, respectively. Further, it was found out that Ef-cd gene could generally advance rice to head 11-14 d earlier. So, it was considered that Ef-cd gene played an important role in rapid developing early-maturing and super high-yielding rice varieties.

Genetic Mechanism of Dominant Earliness in Kefeng A,a New Rice Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Line

Kefeng A is an early maturing indica cytoplasmic male sterile （CMS） line of rice. Combinations derived from Kefeng A and late maturing indica restorer lines showed dominant earliness to various extents. To understand the genetic basis of dominant earliness, the genotype of photoperiod-sensitive genes in Kefeng A was analyzed using a complete set of heading time near isogenic lines （NILs） EGO to EG7, ER, LR, T65, T65E^b, T65E^bm, T65m, NIL（Hd1） and NIL（Hd4）. Results indicated that Kefeng A contained two dominant photoperiod-sensitive alleles E1 and Se-1^U on E1 and Se-1 loci, respectively, and the genotype of photoperiod-sensitivity genes for heading time in Kefeng A was E1E1e2e2E3E3Se-1^USe-1UEf-1Ef-1. Based on the detected heading time genotype, in combination with the heading time of Kefeng A and the early maturing phenomenon in its derived F1 hybrids, it is speculated that Kefeng A might carry a dominant inhibitor gene Su-E7 for the dominant photoperiod- sensitive gene E1, and a recessive inhibitor gene i-Se-1 for another dominant photoperiod-sensitive gene Se-1. The reason why F1 hybrids from Kefeng A exhibited early maturing was hereby analyzed and the breeding value of dominant earliness related genes in Kefeng A was discussed.

Early identification of stroke through deep learning with multi-modal human speech and movement data

Early identification and treatment of stroke can greatly improve patient outcomes and quality of life.Although clinical tests such as the Cincinnati Pre-hospital Stroke Scale(CPSS)and the Face Arm Speech Test(FAST)are commonly used for stroke screening,accurate administration is dependent on specialized training.In this study,we proposed a novel multimodal deep learning approach,based on the FAST,for assessing suspected stroke patients exhibiting symptoms such as limb weakness,facial paresis,and speech disorders in acute settings.We collected a dataset comprising videos and audio recordings of emergency room patients performing designated limb movements,facial expressions,and speech tests based on the FAST.We compared the constructed deep learning model,which was designed to process multi-modal datasets,with six prior models that achieved good action classification performance,including the I3D,SlowFast,X3D,TPN,TimeSformer,and MViT.We found that the findings of our deep learning model had a higher clinical value compared with the other approaches.Moreover,the multi-modal model outperformed its single-module variants,highlighting the benefit of utilizing multiple types of patient data,such as action videos and speech audio.These results indicate that a multi-modal deep learning model combined with the FAST could greatly improve the accuracy and sensitivity of early stroke identification of stroke,thus providing a practical and powerful tool for assessing stroke patients in an emergency clinical setting.

Gastric polyps are not created equal: Know your enemy

Gastric polyps are commonly detected during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.They are most often benign and rarely become malignant.Nevertheless,adequate knowledge,diagnostic modalities,and management strategies should be the endoscopist’s readily available“weapons”to defeat the potentially malignant“enemies”.This article sheds light on the valuable effort by Costa et al to generate a new classification system of gastric polyps as“good”,“bad”,and“ugly”.This comprehensive overview provides clinicians with a simplified decision-making process.

Therapeutic potential of stem cells in subarachnoid hemorrhage

Aneurysm rupture can result in subarachnoid hemorrhage,a condition with potentially severe consequences,such as disability and death.In the acute stage,early brain injury manifests as intracranial pressure elevation,global cerebral ischemia,acute hydrocephalus,and direct blood–brain contact due to aneurysm rupture.This may subsequently cause delayed cerebral infarction,often with cerebral vasospasm,significantly affecting patient outcomes.Chronic complications such as brain volume loss and chronic hydrocephalus can further impact outcomes.Investigating the mechanisms of subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced brain injury is paramount for identifying effective treatments.Stem cell therapy,with its multipotent differentiation capacity and anti-inflammatory effects,has emerged as a promising approach for treating previously deemed incurable conditions.This review focuses on the potential application of stem cells in subarachnoid hemorrhage pathology and explores their role in neurogenesis and as a therapeutic intervention in preclinical and clinical subarachnoid hemorrhage studies.

Systematic comparison of Kawasaki disease Z-score formulas:Enhancing diagnostic accuracy and clinical applicability across populations

This study aims to evaluate the performance of six distinct Z-score formulas in diagnosing coronary artery dilation in Kawasaki disease(KD)patients,with a focus on their clinical applicability across diverse populations.A retrospective analysis was conducted using comparative statistical methods to assess the sensitivity and specificity of each formula.The Kobayashi and Dallaire formulas demonstrated the highest sensitivity in China,particularly in younger patients with prolonged fever duration.Our findings provide evidence-based recommend-ations for selecting Z-score formulas to optimize diagnostic precision in KD patients.

Intricacies during pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus

The study by Cao et al aimed to identify early second-trimester biomarkers that could predict gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)development using advanced proteomic techniques,such as Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Their analysis revealed 47 differentially expressed proteins in the GDM group,with retinol-binding protein 4 and angiopoietin-like 8 showing significantly elevated serum levels compared to controls.Although these findings are promising,the study is limited by its small sample size(n=4 per group)and lacks essential details on the reproducibility and reliability of the protein quantification methods used.Furthermore,the absence of experimental validation weakens the interpretation of the protein-protein interaction network identified through bioinformatics analysis.The study's focus on second-trimester biomarkers raises concerns about whether this is a sufficiently early period to implement preventive interventions for GDM.Predicting GDM risk during the first trimester or pre-conceptional period may offer more clinical relevance.Despite its limitations,the study presents valuable insights into potential GDM biomarkers,but larger,well-validated studies are needed to establish their predictive utility and generalizability.

猴痘临床特征的早期识别及其对疫情防控的意义

近日,猴痘病毒(MPXV)新出现的亚分支Ⅰb引发了新一轮猴痘(Mpox)疫情。2024-08-14,Mpox再次被WHO列为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件(PHEIC)。Mpox病例的早发现、早诊断是阻断其在医院内传播的关键。本文将从Mpox的病原学特征、流行病学特征、临床特征、诊断标准、防控措施等方面进行综述,以期为Mpox的早期识别和科学防控提供参考。

阿拉善-华北北缘晚古生代-早中生代岩浆作用:对古亚洲洋俯冲-闭合过程的制约

位于中亚造山带南部的阿拉善-华北北缘地区保存了丰富的晚古生代-早中生代岩浆记录,为理解古亚洲洋从俯冲至闭合的构造演化过程提供了关键信息。本文对位于内蒙古西部的甘其毛都地区的4个侵入体进行了岩相学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Lu-Hf同位素分析。锆石U-Pb定年表明这些岩体分别形成于早二叠世(283±3Ma、273±5Ma、272±5Ma)和中三叠世(238±3Ma)。早二叠世岩体以石英闪长岩和闪长玢岩为主,富集轻稀土与大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta等,Hf同位素显著亏损(-4.0~+15.6)。它们可能是由俯冲板片流体交代地幔楔部分熔融形成的基性岩浆经分离结晶演化而成。中三叠世侵入体为花岗闪长岩,轻重稀土元素强烈分异,锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值均为正值(+5.0~+8.5),可能代表了碰撞造山阶段新生下地壳物质部分熔融的产物。在此基础之上,本文系统收集并分析了阿拉善-华北北缘地区晚古生代-早中生代岩浆岩的时空分布规律与地球化学特征,以限定其构造背景与深部动力学过程。结合前人研究成果提出:石炭纪时期,古亚洲洋向南俯冲至阿拉善-华北克拉通之下并不断向北后撤;至早二叠世,俯冲板片转变为前进式俯冲,整体处于挤压环境,发育大规模岩浆活动与弧背前陆盆地;早-中三叠世,古亚洲洋闭合,阿拉善-华北克拉通沿索伦缝合带与北侧的中亚弧增生体系发生碰撞-拼贴。

Brief Analysis on the Earlier the Better in SL Learning

With the intense globalization and human migration,a worldwide attention to multiple languages,cultures and abilities to communicate effectively with people across languages and cultures has been aroused. Under such circumstance,the switch to an earlier start of second language introducing in school appears to be an international phenomenon. This paper just aims to make a discussion on the idea of the earlier the better in SL learning.

近代化语境下中国与日本的马克思主义早期传播和研究的关联与差异探源

近代化是中国和日本早期马克思主义传播和研究所面临的共同语境。近代日本社会主义是在国家-社会二元对立框架中作为国家主义的“反题”而出场的,代表从社会的一侧来反思和批判国家的问题意识和近代立场。作为科学社会主义的马克思主义也不例外。近代日本马克思主义的传播与研究主要根源于本国的近代化的需要以及对近代化的批判意识。近代日本知识分子直接翻译了马克思恩格斯的著作,并对中国早期的马克思主义传播和发展带来深远影响。尽管近代日本知识界扮演了马克思主义在中国早期传播的“中转站”和“转译器”,但不能因此推论出中国早期马克思主义的传播完全是对近代日本马克思主义的复写或“搬运”。中国早期马克思主义知识分子,如李大钊和陈独秀,在中国共产党成立前后就形成了关于马克思主义学说的独立的问题意识和系统见解。近代日本的.马克思主义具有强烈的民族和国家意识、鲜明的学术性的特点,与之相比,中国马克思主义的早期传播强调把马克思主义理解为在历史的实践中生成的思想体系。中国早期马克思主义者主张思想研究向经世致用过渡,因而注重通过马克思主义的宣传和教育由理论向实践的转化,尤其是强调发挥人民在历史中的首创性。

Comparative study of living donor kidney transplants:Right vs left

BACKGROUND Transplant teams often hesitate to use the right kidney(RK)in living donor(LD)transplants due to the complexities of anastomosing the short,thin-walled right renal veins,which can potentially lead to graft loss or graft dysfunction.Nevertheless,circumstances may arise where selecting the RK over the left kidney(LK)is unavoidable.Consequently,it is crucial to thoroughly examine the implications of such a choice on the overall transplant outcome.AIM To compare transplant outcomes between recipients of RK and LK while examining the factors that influence these outcomes.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from adult patients who received LD kidney transplants involving meticulous patient selection and surgical techniques at our center from January 2020 to December 2023.We included all kidney donors who were over 18,fit to donate,and had undergone diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid split function and/or computed tomography based volumetry.The variables examined comprised donor and recipient demographics,and outcome measures included technical graft loss(TGL),delayed or slow graft function(SGF),and post-transplant serum creatinine(SC)trends.We used a logistic regression model to assess the likelihood of adverse outcomes considering the donor kidney side.RESULTS Of the 250 transplants performed during the period,56(22%)were RKs.The recipient demographics and transplant factors were comparable for the right and LKs,except that the donor warm and cold ischemia time were shorter for RKs.TGL and SGF each occurred in 2%(n=1)of RKs and 0.5%(n=1)of LKs,the difference being insignificant.These complications,however,were not related to the venous anastomosis.One RK(2%)developed delayed graft function after 48 hours,which was attributable to postoperative hypoxia rather than the surgical technique.The post-transplant SC trend and mean SC at the last follow-up were similar across both kidney sides.CONCLUSION The donor kidney side has little impact on post-transplant adverse events and graft function in LD transplants,provided that careful patient selection and precise surgical techniques are employed.