Abstract By comparison of volumes and 137Cs contents of the deposited sediments before and after 1993, changes of specific sediment yields and relative sediment contributions from the gully area and from the inter gul...Abstract By comparison of volumes and 137Cs contents of the deposited sediments before and after 1993, changes of specific sediment yields and relative sediment contributions from the gully area and from the inter gully area after closing cultivation on the later area on a small catchment of Zhaojia Gully, in the Rolling Loess Plateau, are analyzed in this paper. Closing cultivation in a large scale has not resulted in decrease but increase of specific sediment yield of the catchment, in sharp decrease of the sediment yield and the relative sediment contribution of the inter-gully area, and in increase of the sediment yield and the contribution of the gully area, for a short term. The mean specific sediment yield of 29650 t km-2 a-1 of 1994—1996 in the catchment was 2.2 times the average value of 13413 t km-2 a-1 for a long term. The specific sediment yield of the inter-gully area decreased from the 14335 t km-2 a-1 in 1994 to 7034 t km-2 a-1 in 1995 and 3517 t km-2 a-1 in 1996, while the yield of the gully area varied between 44944 and 62136 t km-2 a-1 during the period of 1994—1996 which was much greater than the value of 21118 t km-2 a-1 before 1993. The relative sediment contribution from the inter-gully area decreased from 23% in 1994 to 15% in 1995 and 6% in 1996, while the contribution from the gully area increased from 77% in 1994 to 85% in 1995 and 94% in 1996. It is suggested that compacting of ploughed soils resulted in increasing of the erosion resistance but in decreasing of the precipitation infiltration, therefore, the soil erosion reduced but the runoff amount increased on the inter-gully area. Increase of delivering runoff from the inter-gully area to the gully area should result in activeness of gully erosion and mass movements, consequently, in increase of the total sediment yield from the catchment.展开更多
实施乡村振兴战略,是党的十九大以来作出的重大决策部署。乡村振兴,关键是产业振兴。乡村国土地域系统及其产业组成要素之间的协调性决定了乡村持续振兴的能力。我国陇东地区乡村在长期的农业生产及城镇化发展中产业—空间矛盾尤为显著...实施乡村振兴战略,是党的十九大以来作出的重大决策部署。乡村振兴,关键是产业振兴。乡村国土地域系统及其产业组成要素之间的协调性决定了乡村持续振兴的能力。我国陇东地区乡村在长期的农业生产及城镇化发展中产业—空间矛盾尤为显著,迫切需要国土空间规划背景下的乡村产业—空间量化分类的探索性研究,客观反映乡村的发展程度,科学把握乡村发展差异和特点。本文充分剖析了国家与地区相关政策,进而通过分析该地区的产业-空间问题,基于“人地关系”协调理论构建“产村互动”耦合发展模型,以具备典型特征的陇东黄土高原沟壑区显胜乡村庄为研究对象,从产业与空间两大系统确定了19个评价因子,通过对评价因子进行赋值计算、运用地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)软件等手段,评价探析其产业—空间耦合互动的时空演变规律及内在机制,在规划响应方面得出如下启示:以科学评价现状为基础,分类引导乡村产业空间振兴;以统筹空间布局为核心,打造镇村一体发展新单元;以加强生态修复为策略,同步经济效益与空间效应;以延续历史文脉为补充,实现文化引领三产深度融合。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.40271015)MST(Grant No.2001CCB00100)+2 种基金CAS(Grant Nos.KZCX3 SW-330 and KZCX3-SW-422)IAEA(12322/RO)State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dry Land Farming on the Loess Plateau(10501-109).
文摘Abstract By comparison of volumes and 137Cs contents of the deposited sediments before and after 1993, changes of specific sediment yields and relative sediment contributions from the gully area and from the inter gully area after closing cultivation on the later area on a small catchment of Zhaojia Gully, in the Rolling Loess Plateau, are analyzed in this paper. Closing cultivation in a large scale has not resulted in decrease but increase of specific sediment yield of the catchment, in sharp decrease of the sediment yield and the relative sediment contribution of the inter-gully area, and in increase of the sediment yield and the contribution of the gully area, for a short term. The mean specific sediment yield of 29650 t km-2 a-1 of 1994—1996 in the catchment was 2.2 times the average value of 13413 t km-2 a-1 for a long term. The specific sediment yield of the inter-gully area decreased from the 14335 t km-2 a-1 in 1994 to 7034 t km-2 a-1 in 1995 and 3517 t km-2 a-1 in 1996, while the yield of the gully area varied between 44944 and 62136 t km-2 a-1 during the period of 1994—1996 which was much greater than the value of 21118 t km-2 a-1 before 1993. The relative sediment contribution from the inter-gully area decreased from 23% in 1994 to 15% in 1995 and 6% in 1996, while the contribution from the gully area increased from 77% in 1994 to 85% in 1995 and 94% in 1996. It is suggested that compacting of ploughed soils resulted in increasing of the erosion resistance but in decreasing of the precipitation infiltration, therefore, the soil erosion reduced but the runoff amount increased on the inter-gully area. Increase of delivering runoff from the inter-gully area to the gully area should result in activeness of gully erosion and mass movements, consequently, in increase of the total sediment yield from the catchment.
文摘实施乡村振兴战略,是党的十九大以来作出的重大决策部署。乡村振兴,关键是产业振兴。乡村国土地域系统及其产业组成要素之间的协调性决定了乡村持续振兴的能力。我国陇东地区乡村在长期的农业生产及城镇化发展中产业—空间矛盾尤为显著,迫切需要国土空间规划背景下的乡村产业—空间量化分类的探索性研究,客观反映乡村的发展程度,科学把握乡村发展差异和特点。本文充分剖析了国家与地区相关政策,进而通过分析该地区的产业-空间问题,基于“人地关系”协调理论构建“产村互动”耦合发展模型,以具备典型特征的陇东黄土高原沟壑区显胜乡村庄为研究对象,从产业与空间两大系统确定了19个评价因子,通过对评价因子进行赋值计算、运用地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)软件等手段,评价探析其产业—空间耦合互动的时空演变规律及内在机制,在规划响应方面得出如下启示:以科学评价现状为基础,分类引导乡村产业空间振兴;以统筹空间布局为核心,打造镇村一体发展新单元;以加强生态修复为策略,同步经济效益与空间效应;以延续历史文脉为补充,实现文化引领三产深度融合。