Obstacles to the Integrated Care of Children Aged 6 to 59 Months Suffering from Acute and Severe Malnutrition at the Chu-Me and HATC of N’Djamena/Chad

Introduction: the problem of Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) and its consequences concern and challenge all social actors worldwide. The objective of the study was to identify the real obstacles that actors face in the integrated management of children aged 6 - 59 months suffering from SAM at the University Hospital of Mother and Child (CHUME) and the Chad-China Friendship Hospital (HATC) of N’Djamena. Methodology: this is a cross-sectional descriptive and interpretative study conducted from January to October 2023 at the CHUME and HATC of N’Djamena. It is based on questionnaires and direct observation of two hundred and thirty-six (236) parents or guardians of malnourished children admitted to these health facilities. All 236 agreed to participate freely in this study. Results: it appears from this study that the obstacles to the integrated management of malnourished children were: poor care-care relationship (26.7%) permanent product breaks (22.9%), the direct costs of services ranged from 30,000 to 60,000 FCFA (41.53%), drugs used for the treatment of patients came from the street (66.10%), malaria and anemia occupy an important place (27.5%), 57.2% respondents had monthly income below 60,000 CFAF. Conclusion: the present study carried out has identified the real bottlenecks to the integrated management of children suffering from SAM in the therapeutic nutritional units of the city of N’Djamena. .

基于P-IBI指数的修河中下游水生态健康评价

修河流域为鄱阳湖流域五大支流之一,为掌握该流域水生态健康现状,该研究以2021年丰水期(8月)和枯水期(12月)14个样点的浮游植物类群和水体理化指标调查数据为基础,构建了浮游植物生物完整性指数(P-IBI)评价体系,系统评价了修河中下游水生态健康状况。调查结果表明,修河中下游共记录到浮游植物6门44属66种,其中丰水期、枯水期分别发现优势种17和5种;经分布范围检验、判别能力分析以及矩阵Pearson相关性分析筛选出6个核心评价指标,即硅藻属百分比、硅藻门细胞密度百分比、绿藻门细胞密度百分比、Shannon-Wiener指数、绿藻门细胞生物量以及硅藻门细胞生物量百分比;通过比值法统一量纲赋分并划分出4个健康评价等级,结果显示修河中下游水域整体处于“亚健康”,其中处于“健康”、“亚健康”、“一般”和“差”的点位占比分别为28.57%、21.43%、21.43%和28.57%;冗余分析表明,修河中下游水生态健康的主要环境驱动因子为透明度、水温和溶解氧。该研究可为鄱阳湖子流域水生态健康管理和水生态修复提供参考与科学依据。

黄河上游城乡居民食物代谢过程及资源环境效应研究--以兰州市为例

基于环境足迹理论,以兰州市为例,对比分析了1990—2020年城镇和农村居民食物代谢过程及其资源环境效应的动态演变规律及城乡差异性,并结合相关文献,提出了融合四种环境足迹(水、碳、氮、磷)的综合评价指标“生态效率”,弥补了当前食物消费环境影响研究中各个足迹独立评价的不足。结果表明:(1)1990—2020年,兰州市居民食物消费结构发生了巨大改变,由“温饱型”的植物源食物消费为主逐渐转变为“小康型”动植物源食物并重模式。(2)1990—2020年,城镇居民食物消费环境足迹大体呈上涨趋势,农村居民食物消费环境足迹却在下降。(3)相较于1990年,2020年城镇地区生态效率提高了0.9倍,农村地区提高了0.5倍,这主要得益于人们消费结构的改变和兰州市农业体系的调整和农业技术的优化。在此基础上,本研究提出一系列措施来进一步提高生态效率,优化代谢进程。

Social and Economic Considerations for Creating Sustainable Climate Change Haven Communities

As Climate Change Haven Communities are constructed across the Northern Hemisphere, it will be necessary to attract two types of migrants to populate them. The first group consists of professionals and companies in eco-sustainable businesses, such as law firms, insurance companies, investment firms, banking, technological innovation, mass media, medical research and pharmaceutical research. The second group will consist of persons engaged in organic/eco-sustainable agriculture whose crops and animal husbandry practices can be transferred successfully to Climate Change Haven regions. The present research focuses on the social and economic variables that must be taken into account to insure that each new Climate Change Haven Community becomes successfully integrated with the local population and forms a cohesive, harmonious social structure. Examples are given from the United States, France, Spain, Portugal and Italy.

Study on Integration of Suburban Forest Park and Eco-city into “Mega-landscape”

On the basis of analyzing the development of suburban forest parks, the paper proposed the combination of eco-city construction and suburban forest parks, and the construction of "mega-landscape" mode, which offers a new concept for the development of suburban forest parks.

Integration of eco-civilization education into ideological and political class in colleges and universities

The construction of eco-civilization is an important part of socialist construction in China, and its achievements are related to the cultivation and effective implementation of the concept of sustainable development. In his report to the Nineteenth National Congress, President Xi Jin-ping pointed out that the construction of eco-civilization is an important content that affects our country and the global ecological environment. Clear ideas and measures to solve the people's needs for a better life and development imbalance between the contradictions. This paper expounds the relationship between ideological and political education and eco-civilization, and analyzes the role of modern ideological and political education in the construction of eco-civilization. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the modern ideological and political education and the construction of eco-civilization. The mutual relations lay the foundation for giving play to the role of modern ideological and political education in the construction of eco-civilization.

Industry-City Integration in Eco-industrial Park of China

Industry-city integration in industrial park has stepped into quick development with the continuous advancement of urbanization in China. Relying on the developed ecological industry chain,sustainable development ability and good ecological service,eco-industrial park is at the forefront of industry-city integration,and accumulates rich experience in practice. The operation mechanism model includes government development,development of large state-owned enterprises,and public-private partnership. The space structures involve the relation between central urban district and new industrial town,overall layout of production,living and ecological space in eco-industrial park. In the aspect of system innovation,park management system,household registration management system,cultural system of community and environmental governance system face the challenges.

长三角水资源-能源-粮食系统的协同模式及资源配置研究——基于水的核心地位

通过多目标规划建立水资源-能源-粮食系统协同分析框架,基于长江三角洲地区(长三角)城市群维度,构建水资源-能源-粮食系统的协同模型,测算复合系统优化后的偏离度和经济效益。结果表明,2001—2020年长三角水资源-能源-粮食系统优化后综合偏离度整体保持在0.135以下的低水平,但波动性较大,稳定性较差。2001—2020年粮食产量和能源开采量均保持上升态势,粮食产量较高。前期能源开采量大于粮食产量,2005年后,粮食产量高速增长,远超过能源开采量。综合效益持续升高,协同模型的经济效益较理想。据此,提出增强水资源-能源-粮食系统内部的联动性和共生性、科学规划水资源调配、能源开采和粮食生产等资源一体化调配方案、提高资源整体投入产出水平、拓宽资源跨区流动路径等建议。

Turkey Creek—A Case Study of Ecohydrology and Integrated Watershed Management in the Low-Gradient Atlantic Coastal Plain, USA

Water yield, water supply and quality, wildlife habitat, and ecosystem productivity and services are important societal concerns for natural resource management in the 21st century. Watershed-scale ecohydrologic studies can provide needed context for addressing complex spatial and temporal dynamics of these functions and services. This study was conducted on the 5240 ha Turkey Creek watershed (WS 78) draining a 3rd order stream on the Santee Experimental Forest within the South Carolina Atlantic Coastal Plain, USA. The study objectives were to present the hydrologic characteristics of this relatively undisturbed, except by a hurricane (Hugo, 1989), forested water-shed and to discuss key elements for watershed management, including water resource assessment (WRM), modeling integrated water resources management, environmental assessment, land use planning, social impact assessment, and information management. Runoff coefficients, flow duration curves, flood and low flow frequency curves, surface and ground water yields were assessed as elements of the WRM. Results from the last 10 years of interdisciplinary studies have also advanced the understanding of coastal ecohydrologic characteristics and processes, water balance, and their modeling including the need of high resolution LiDAR data. For example, surface water dynamics were shown to be regulated primarily by the water table, dependent upon pre- cipitation and evapotranspiration (ET). Analysis of pre- and post-Hugo streamflow data showed somewhat lower but insignificant (α = 0.05) mean annual flow but increased frequency of larger flows for the post-Hugo compared with the pre-Hugo level. However, there was no significant difference in mean annual ET, potentially indicating the resiliency of this coastal forest. Although the information from this study may be useful for comparison of coastal ecohydrologic issues, it is becoming increasingly clear that multi-site studies may be warranted to understand these complex systems in the face of climate change, sea level rise, and increasing development in coastal regions.

An advanced Ⅲ-Ⅴ-on-silicon photonic integration platform

In many application scenarios,silicon(Si)photonics favors the integration of Ⅲ-Ⅴ gain material onto Si substrate to real-ize the on-chip light source.In addition to the current popular integration approaches of Ⅲ-Ⅴ-on-Si wafer bonding or dir-ect heteroepitaxial growth,a newly emerged promising solution of epitaxial regrowth on bonded substrate has attracted a lot of interests.High-quality Ⅲ-Ⅴ material realization and successful laser demonstrations show its great potential to be a promising integration platform for low-cost,high-integration density and highly scalable active-passive photonic integra-tion on Si.This paper reviews recent research work on this regrowth on bonded template platform including template de-velopments,regrown material characterizations and laser demonstrations.The potential advantages,opportunities and challenges of this approach are discussed.

A 330-500 GHz Zero-Biased Broadband Tripler Based on Terahertz Monolithic Integrated Circuits

A 330-500 GHz zero-biased broadband monolithic integrated tripler is reported. The measured results show that the maximum efficiency and the maximum output power are 2% and 194μW at 348 GHz. The saturation characteristic test shows that the output i dB compression point is about -8.5 dBm at 334 GHz and the maximum efficiency is obtained at the point, which is slightly below the 1 dB compression point. Compared with the conventional hybrid integrated circuit, a major advantage of the monolithic integrated circuit is the significant improvement of reliability and consistency. In this work, a terahertz monolithic frequency multiplier at this band is designed and fabricated.

Eco-transformation of steel industry in China: from the perspective of industrial ecology and circular economy

Recently the behavior of human has resulted in the deterioration of global ecological environment, and global warming and environmental pollution have caused the occurrence of extreme events frequently. If we repeat the reckless environmental overkill, civilization will enter a vicious circle of decline and lose even the strength and vitality to live in harmony with the environment. At present, China is in a special period of rapid economic development. Some enterprises focus on short-term profits and don't formulate long-term strategies. For example, with the rapid expansion of the steel industry, some serious problems have emerged. Based on principles of industrial ecology and the concept of circular economy, to develop a new development model, taking a new road to industrialization is very necessary. Re-examining the current steel enterprises, this paper proposes the new methods of the integration of material, energy integration, water system integration and sharing of information and facilities. Through ecologicalization of technology, system, and industrial structure and product structure adjustment, the eco-transformation of the modern steel industry will be gradually achieved in China.

Integration and verification case of IP-core based system on chip design

In this paper, the design and verification process of an automobile-engine-fan control system on chip （SoC） are introduced. The SoC system, SHU-MV08, reuses four new intellectual property （IP） cores and the design flow is accomplished with 0.35 btm chartered CMOS technology. Some special functions of IP cores, the detailed integration scheme of four IP cores, and the verification method of the entire SoC are presented. To settle the verification problems brought by analog IP cores, NanoSim based chip-level mixed-signal verification method is introduced. The verification time is greatly reduced and the first tape-out achieves success which proves the validity of our design.

Application of vertically integrated sampling approach to study of new production via ^(234)Th -^(238)U disequilibria

The spatial and temporal distributions of new production vary largely in different sea areas. To understand the level of new production in the sea area studied better, an estimate of new production must be obtained in large spatial and temporal scales. The ~234Th/ ~238U disequilibrium is an effective method for the study of new production. Two sampling strategies, vertically integrated sampling ap proach based on trapezoidal integration principle and discrete layer sampling approach, were compared in the studies of the xiamen Bay and the northern South China Sea. The scavenging fluxes and removal fluxes of ~234Th and the residence times for dissolved and particulate ~234Th were calculated. The coinci dent results from two Sampling approach suggest that vertically integrated sampling approach is not only effective and reliable, but also significantly reduces the number and volume of samples. It allows us to study new production by ba ^(234)Th - ^(238)U disequilibria in large spatial scale.

A new integration algorithm for finite deformation of thermo-elasto-viscoplastic single crystals

An algorithm for integrating the constitutive equations in thermal framework is presented, in which the plastic deformation gradient is chosen as the integration variable. Compared with the classic algorithm, a key feature of this new approach is that it can describe the finite deformation of crystals under thermal conditions. The obtained plastic deformation gradient contains not only plastic defor- mation but also thermal effects. The governing equation for the plastic deformation gradient is obtained based on ther- mal multiplicative decomposition of the total deformation gradient. An implicit method is used to integrate this evo- lution equation to ensure stability. Single crystal 1 100 aluminum is investigated to demonstrate practical applications of the model. The effects of anisotropic properties, time step, strain rate and temperature are calculated using this integration model.

Clean Production and Ecological Industry:A Key to Eco-city Development

Eco-city development is a healthy process towards sustainable development, within the carrying capacity of local ecosystem through changing production mode, consumption behavior and decision instrument based on ecological economics and system engineering. The key to its planning is an ecological integration to make trade-off between economic wealth and environmental health, between material and spiritual civilization, between natural and human eco-cybernetics. Integration, demonstration, citizens’ participation and scientists’ and technician’s catalyzing are the key instruments for the implementation of the ecocity plan. "Clean production" and "ecological industry" are key elements in comprehensive development towards an eco-city. Beyond the technical and management questions, how to interlink production, consumption and reduction at the local and regional level, the spatial and urban dimension should be considered in order to perform an integrative urban eco-space.

A Class of Singular Integral Equation of Convolution Type with CSC（τ- θ） Kernel

In this paper, we propose and discuss a class of singular integral equation of convolution type with csc(τ- θ) kernel in class L2[-π, π]. Using discrete Fourier transform and the lemma, this kind of equations is transformed to discrete system of equations, and then we obtain the solvable conditions and the explicit solutions in class L2[-π, π].

黑河流域生态-水文观测试验与水-生态集成管理研究

对黑河流域水—生态—经济系统研究的主要内容"流域生态—水文观测试验与流域水—生态集成管理"做了概要论述。认为流域水循环、生态水、集成水管理三大科学问题的解决必需加强该领域的研究;结合黑河流域的前期基础、研究现状和能力建设,提出了近期研究的4个领域:流域水循环、水平衡与可利用水资源;流域生态—水文过程与生态环境用水;人类活动驱动的流域水—生态系统演变;流域生态—水文野外平台与流域集成环境。对此进行了进一步的阐述,对该方面研究的方法论和技术难点亦做了简述。

膜曝气生物膜-生态浮床组合装置开发及其水体净化效果研究

生物生态法是目前国内外治理河湖水体富营养化的主要方法,但使用单一净化装置的处理效果均不甚理想,故将生物生态法中的生物膜法、曝气富氧法和生态浮床法相结合,开发了一套新型膜曝气生物膜-生态浮床立式组合净化装置。试验结果表明,组合装置较水体自净和单一净化装置可显著提高水体净化效果。具体表现在:组合装置、生物膜反应器、生态浮床和河水自净作用对NH+4-N的去除率分别为98.0%、96.6%、66.6%和48.5%,组合装置较河水自净作用的去除率可提高49.5%;对TN的去除率分别为34.7%、26.9%、19.3%和9.6%,去除率可提高25.1%;对TP的去除率分别为60.7%、33.9%、86.9%和38.5%,去除率可提高22.2%;对COD Mn的去除率分别为78.3%、53.1%、58.4%和40.2%,去除率可提高38.1%。同时,组合装置对叶绿素a同样具有最强的抑制作用且可大幅提高水体透明度,减少水体黑臭现象的发生,这一结果为该装置应用于受污染河道的水体修复提供了科学依据。

基于湖泊整体保护的区域生态网络格局构建研究--以沈阳卧龙湖生态区保护规划为例

以沈阳卧龙湖为典型案例,依据卧龙湖生态体系现状分析,发现目前卧龙湖存在生态区位界定不够清晰;生态区的宏观目标缺乏中观及微观层面的具体支撑;区域内水系水量不足,部分水体水质较差;城市及村镇建设缺乏与湖区生态环境的良性互动;区域生态体系网络化程度较低及不同程度的结构缺失;以鸟类为核心的湖泊生境受到人类活动的一定干扰和破坏等问题。通过生态区位的重新界定;断点连接与网络化优化生态网络安全格局结构;生态功能空间规划与加强网络安全格局构成;滨湖生态城与卧龙湖区域生态网络的一体化;水源收集系统与水系网络规划等来构建区域层面的生态安全格局系统,实现卧龙湖湖泊整体保护的区域生态网络安全格局构建的目标。