A preliminary study on designing ecological corridors in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve with 3S techniques

This paper is based on the fieldwork in Xishuang-banna Natioanl Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province of China.GPS data of Asian elephants were collected and analyzed with the remote sensing satellite photos of the region to estimate the landform physiognomy of different colors.We also analyzed a series of ecological factors includ-ing altitude,landform,relief,villages and roads which affected the distribution and movement of Asian elephants.The results suggested the possibility of designing and estab-lishing corridors in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve to protect the population of wild elephants in the region.

Identifying ecological corridors for Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)and Amur leopards(Panthera pardus orientalis)

The rapid explosion of human populations and the associated development of human-dominated landscapes have drastically reduced and fragmented habitat for tigers(Panthera tigris)and leopards(Panthera pardus)across Asia,resulting in multiple small populations.However,Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)habitat in Russia has remained largely interconnected,except for a break between tigers in southwest Primorye and the southern Sikhote-Alin Mountains.This habitat patch in southwest Primorye also retains the last population of Amur leopards(Panthera pardus orientalis).Genetic differentiation of tigers in southwest Primorye and the Sikhote-Alin Mountains along with survey data suggest that habitat fragmentation is limiting movement of tigers and leopards across the Razdolnaya River basin.We looked at historical and recent survey data on tigers and leopards and mapped existing cover types to examine land-use patterns of both large felids and humans in the development strip along the Razdolnaya River.We then used least-cost distance analyses to identify the most effective potential corridor to retain connectivity for large felids between Land of the Leopard National Park and Ussuriskii Zapovednik(Reserve).We identified a single potential corridor that still exists with a total distance of 62.5 km from Land of the Leopard National Park to Ussuriskii Zapovednik,mostly(93%)through forested habitat.We recommend formal recognition of a Razdolnaya ecological corridor and provide specific recommendations for each of 3 proposed management sections.

Construction of Green Ecological Corridor and Vertical Greening of Building Facades in Zhengzhou City

Development of a city depends largely on its transportation, and road construction reveals development skeletons of the city. With the aggravation of city pollution, construction of ecological corridor has been put on the agenda of urban ecological construction, against this background, "2 rings and 17 radial lines" of Zhengzhou City were planned. This paper analyzed the plan from the perspectives of role of urban green corridor, planning principle, characteristic building and greening of building facade, and exploration of green corridors integrating pathways, bikeways, bus harbors and green island gas station.

Research on Ecological Corridor Planning of Lanzhou Yuzhong Ecological Innovation City from the Perspective of Ecological Civilization

The practice and research of ecological civilization is a focus of current planning and design,as well as a scientific strategy under the current situation of resource constraint,environmental degradation and ecosystem degradation.Urban elements such as buildings,green land,farmland,water systems and mountains can be connected by ecological corridors into a green ecological system design.At present,many ecological and environmental problems,such as urban heat island effect,fog and haze,automobile exhaust have a negative effect on the construction of social ecological environment.In order to build a new modern city with prosperous economy,beautiful environment and social civilization,scientific and efficient ecological corridors should be designed to improve the environmental quality of the eco-city,and promote the construction and development of ecological civilization and green cities.Based on the relevant research and specific practices of ecological corridors at home and abroad,combine the needs of the planning and construction of the Yuzhong Ecological Innovation City,and discuss on the connotation and characteristics of ecological corridors,and discuss the key elements of ecological corridor planning.This article will take the ecological corridor planning of Yuzhong Eco-Innovation City as an example.We design ecological corridor based on field investigation,literature and geographic information system..The planning and design of the ecological corridor in the planning area proposed in this paper can provide positive suggestion on the planning and design of the ecological corridor in other ecological innovation cities.

Using ecosystem service supply and ecosystem sensitivity to identify landscape ecology security patterns in the Lanzhou-Xining urban agglomeration, China

The construction of an ecological security pattern(ESP)is an important way to ensure regional ecological security and to achieve sustainable regional development.It is also one of the hotspot topics of landscape ecology research.This paper identifies the ecological source through the evaluation of the ecosystem service and ecosystem sensitivity of the Lanzhou-Xining(Lan-Xi)urban agglomeration.The minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model modified by night light data NPP/VIIRS(National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System Preparatory Project/Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite)was used to measure the relative resistance of the materials and energy circulation between the source areas,and to establish the resistance surface of the ecological source area expansion.Then ecological corridors were identified based on ecological sources and resistance surface.The ecological strategic node is the ecological fragile point in the ecological corridors.The ecological strategic node is identified with hydrological module by superimposing the"ridge line"of cumulative ecological resistance with the ecological corridor.Combined with ecological sources,corridors and strategic nodes,the ESP of the Lan-Xi urban agglomeration can be constructed.The ecological source of the Lan-Xi urban agglomeration accounts for 28.42%of the total area,most of which is distributed within Qinghai Province.The nature reserves in the area are all located within the ecological source area.A total of 41 potential ecological corridors have been identified in the study area.The total length of the potential corridors is 1201.03 km,comprising 23 source corridors and 18 radiation corridors.There are 30 strategic nodes identified in the Lan-Xi urban agglomeration.These locations are the most vulnerable areas of the ecological corridors.Ecological engineering should be applied in the construction of corridors.Affected by the ecological source,the potential ecological corridor extends from the northwest to the southeast,which is basically consistent with the direction trend of the mountains in the region.

Integrating morphological spatial pattern analysis and the minimal cumulative resistance model to optimize urban ecological networks: a case study in Shenzhen City, China

Background:With the increasing fragmentation of landscape induced by rapid urbanization,the construction of ecological networks is of great signifcance to alleviate the degradation of urban habitats and protect natural envi‑ronments.However,there is considerable uncertainty when constructing ecological networks,especially the difer‑ent approaches to selecting ecological sources.We used the southern Chinese city of Shenzhen as a study area to construct and optimize ecological networks using a coupling approach.Ecological source areas were extracted using morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA)and the landscape index method.Ecological networks were con‑structed using the minimal cumulative resistance(MCR)model and the gravity model.Stepping stones and ecological fault points were added in corridors to optimize the ecological network.Results:Ten core areas with maximum importance patch values were extracted by the landscape index method as ecological source areas according to MSPA,after which corridors between ecological sources were constructed based on the MCR model.The constructed ecological networks were optimized using 35 stepping stones and 17 ecologi‑cal fault points.The optimized ecological networks included 11 important corridors,34 general corridors,and seven potential corridors.The results of corridor landscape-type analysis showed that a suitable ecological corridor is 60 to 200 m wide.Conclusions:Overall,our results imply that ecological source areas can be identifed virtually,and that ecological networks can be signifcantly optimized by combining MSPA and MCR models.These results provide a methodologi‑cal reference for constructing ecological networks,and they will be useful for urban planning and biodiversity protec‑tion in Shenzhen and other similar regions around the world.

Identifying priority areas for conservation in the lower Yellow River basin from an ecological network perspective

Taking the lower Yellow River basin as the study area,this study aims to construct ecological networks to mitigate the negative impacts of rapid urbanization on the ecosystem.Ecological sources were identified based on morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA),habitat quality and landscape connectivity.The ecological resistance surface was constructed and corrected by integrating natural and anthropogenic factors.The spatial range of ecological corridors and some of their key nodes were identified based on circuit theory.The ecological network(EN)was finally optimized using a similarity search and cost connectivity modules.The results show that the optimized ecological network structure is more stable than before.The EN includes 23 ecological sources with a total area of 5464.8 km^(2)and 30 ecological corridor clusters with a total area of 2205.92 km^(2).Through the internal landscape heterogeneity of the corridor,28 ecological node areas and 75 barrier areas were identified as key protection and restoration areas,with a total area of 78.44 km^(2)and 372.79 km^(2),respectively.Through the construction and optimization of EN,this study identifies key areas for promoting ecological sustainability and provides a useful framework for coordinating regional ecological conservation and economic development.

Evolution Characteristics of the Ecological Space Network of Resource-Based Cities:A Case Study on Xuzhou

The territorial and spatial planning is an essential tool for ecological civilization construction in spatial development and urban governance.Since ecological space has been an important part of the territorial and spatial planning,this study established a spatial structural pattern of"ecological source-ecological corridor-ecological node"along with methods including landscape connectivity analysis and ecological resistance surface analysis.Taking the ecological space of Xuzhou City,a typical resource-based city,as a case study,this research analyzed the ecological spatial network structure and evaluated the evolution characteristics before judging the breadth threshold value of the ecological corridor and providing planning control strategy.The study found that since the urbanization of Xuzhou City resumed its growth,the quantity of ecological sources,corridors,and nodes have grown along.The resistance of the ecological corridor increases year by year,with the proper breadth threshold value around 100–200 m.The development of an ecological network structure shows a single-polarization evolution characteristic that is high quality and high resistance.