The paper introduces the relationship between energy and economic development first, then, through analyzing the characters of energy consumption all over the world and the basic facts about China＇s energy resources,...The paper introduces the relationship between energy and economic development first, then, through analyzing the characters of energy consumption all over the world and the basic facts about China＇s energy resources, draws the conclusion that the energy and resources of China are hardly able to meet the national demands, and puts forward the policy orientation for China＇s energy development accordingly. At last, it points out the prospect of China＇s energy industry.展开更多
Singapore's remarkable economic development in the past five decades since independence has attracted much policy attention.This article first provides a brief overview of Singapore's economic development.The ...Singapore's remarkable economic development in the past five decades since independence has attracted much policy attention.This article first provides a brief overview of Singapore's economic development.The second part discusses Singapore's development strategies that are aligned with the Washington Consensus:globalisation,conservative fiscal and monetary policies,investments in education and infrastructure.It also discusses the policies adopted to further enhance the outcomes of such policies.The third part focusses on policies that are inconsistent with the prescriptions of the Washington Consensus:the visible hand of government direction of industry,the important role of state owned enterprises,as well as growth-enhancing social policies.It concludes with the present challenges facing the city-state.展开更多
Although industrial policies in many countries have failed, a country＇s economic development is bound to be unsuccessful without industrial policy. The responsibility of an economist is not to object to any kind of i...Although industrial policies in many countries have failed, a country＇s economic development is bound to be unsuccessful without industrial policy. The responsibility of an economist is not to object to any kind of industrial policy for fear of failure, nor unconditionally support all kinds of industrial policies because industrial policy is a necessary condition for the success of economic development. An economist should explore the causes behind the success or failure of industrial policies so as to help government reduce the chance of failure and improve the probabilities of success in applying industrial policies. This paper analyzes why industrial policy is necessary for successful economic development. This paper notes that synergy of ＂efficient market＂ and ＂facilitating state＂ is indispensable for economic development, and also analyzes why developed and developing countries failed in applying industrial policies. From the perspective of New Structural Economics, in this paper industries in China are divided into five types： catching-up industries, leading-edge industries, comparative advantage-losing industries, short innovation cycle industries and comparative advantage-defying strategic industries. The paper also analyzes how to formulate effective industrial policy in China. It is noted that, based on the characteristics of each industry, ＂efficient market＂ and ＂facilitating state＂ should both play their respective roles in promoting China＇s industrial transformation and upgrading.展开更多
The focus of this research lies in community empowerment based on culture and local communities as well as sustainable ecotourism,which is directed at a complicated mechanism of empowerment elements,local culture that...The focus of this research lies in community empowerment based on culture and local communities as well as sustainable ecotourism,which is directed at a complicated mechanism of empowerment elements,local culture that is thick in ecotourism to get added value for the novelty of ecotourism research.The object of research is Wasur National Park(WNP),Papua,Indonesia.Qualitative methods have been used to obtain accurate data and information,i.e.,in-depth interviews with indigenous people to find out the benefits or functions of their culture that can be developed in ecotourism,interviews with leaders and staff of WNP and the Department of Culture and Tourism to find out the potential and processes empowerment and existing tourism potential.As a result,from the perspective of empowerment,local people will easily follow the empowerment process provided that they use methods that are culturally appropriate which is from the viewpoints from the culture of sasi,totem and sacred places.The culture adopted by the community is in accordance with the principles of ecotourism that supports sustainability,environmental conservation,protection of environmental resources and increases economic value.However,it is recommended to carry out modified socialization in accordance with the current conditions.Hence,tourists who visit WNP do not become afraid of the very rigid sanctions which are applied to them who violate the existing cultural and environmental customs.Moreover,to get added economic value in the tourism business within WNP,it is necessary to explore the potential of cultural wealth,natural and biological wealth so that it becomes the main attraction in carrying out the economic empowerment of local communities in the field of ecotourism.展开更多
文摘The paper introduces the relationship between energy and economic development first, then, through analyzing the characters of energy consumption all over the world and the basic facts about China＇s energy resources, draws the conclusion that the energy and resources of China are hardly able to meet the national demands, and puts forward the policy orientation for China＇s energy development accordingly. At last, it points out the prospect of China＇s energy industry.
文摘Singapore's remarkable economic development in the past five decades since independence has attracted much policy attention.This article first provides a brief overview of Singapore's economic development.The second part discusses Singapore's development strategies that are aligned with the Washington Consensus:globalisation,conservative fiscal and monetary policies,investments in education and infrastructure.It also discusses the policies adopted to further enhance the outcomes of such policies.The third part focusses on policies that are inconsistent with the prescriptions of the Washington Consensus:the visible hand of government direction of industry,the important role of state owned enterprises,as well as growth-enhancing social policies.It concludes with the present challenges facing the city-state.
文摘Although industrial policies in many countries have failed, a country＇s economic development is bound to be unsuccessful without industrial policy. The responsibility of an economist is not to object to any kind of industrial policy for fear of failure, nor unconditionally support all kinds of industrial policies because industrial policy is a necessary condition for the success of economic development. An economist should explore the causes behind the success or failure of industrial policies so as to help government reduce the chance of failure and improve the probabilities of success in applying industrial policies. This paper analyzes why industrial policy is necessary for successful economic development. This paper notes that synergy of ＂efficient market＂ and ＂facilitating state＂ is indispensable for economic development, and also analyzes why developed and developing countries failed in applying industrial policies. From the perspective of New Structural Economics, in this paper industries in China are divided into five types： catching-up industries, leading-edge industries, comparative advantage-losing industries, short innovation cycle industries and comparative advantage-defying strategic industries. The paper also analyzes how to formulate effective industrial policy in China. It is noted that, based on the characteristics of each industry, ＂efficient market＂ and ＂facilitating state＂ should both play their respective roles in promoting China＇s industrial transformation and upgrading.
文摘The focus of this research lies in community empowerment based on culture and local communities as well as sustainable ecotourism,which is directed at a complicated mechanism of empowerment elements,local culture that is thick in ecotourism to get added value for the novelty of ecotourism research.The object of research is Wasur National Park(WNP),Papua,Indonesia.Qualitative methods have been used to obtain accurate data and information,i.e.,in-depth interviews with indigenous people to find out the benefits or functions of their culture that can be developed in ecotourism,interviews with leaders and staff of WNP and the Department of Culture and Tourism to find out the potential and processes empowerment and existing tourism potential.As a result,from the perspective of empowerment,local people will easily follow the empowerment process provided that they use methods that are culturally appropriate which is from the viewpoints from the culture of sasi,totem and sacred places.The culture adopted by the community is in accordance with the principles of ecotourism that supports sustainability,environmental conservation,protection of environmental resources and increases economic value.However,it is recommended to carry out modified socialization in accordance with the current conditions.Hence,tourists who visit WNP do not become afraid of the very rigid sanctions which are applied to them who violate the existing cultural and environmental customs.Moreover,to get added economic value in the tourism business within WNP,it is necessary to explore the potential of cultural wealth,natural and biological wealth so that it becomes the main attraction in carrying out the economic empowerment of local communities in the field of ecotourism.
