On the cultural legacy of the Cold War:Sino-US educational exchange(1949−1990)

The Cold War affected the Sino-US educational exchange between 1949 and 1990.During those years,preparation for educational exchanges,personal contact and cross-government relations characterized the three periods of the exchanges.However,even though the relationship had developed very fast,it was by no means smooth sailing.These exchanges served as a political barometer and also acted as a conduit between the two when diplomatic relations were non-existent.It eased the tension when the relationship between the two countries had problems.The 40 years of exchanges were a win-win situation for both sides and one of the valuable cultural legacies that came out of the Cold War era.

Retrospective and Prospects for China’s International Educational Exchange in the 40th Anniversary Year of Reform and Opening Up

International exchange is an important part of China’s educational opening up,cooperation,and connection with other countries.It also serves as a unique strategic resource,helping to develop and consolidate mutual political trust,diplomatic exchange,economic and trade relations,cultural exchange and educational cooperation between China and other countries in the world,thereby enhancing China’s international image.We have seen positive contributions made to our progress towards peace among peoples,and noted the irreplaceable role played by China.International educational exchange is an important part of global international student flows.Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,especially in the 40 years of reform and opening up,China has experienced a development process in education from language students to students at all levels and from quantity to quality.The change in the type of international students studying in China and of Chinese students studying abroad reflects the Chinese spirit and the broadening the appeal of China’s programs.It can be interpreted as the fulfillment of the“Chinese Dream,”contributing to national revitalization.The trade imbalance between exporting countries and destination countries in international educational exchange has been reduced.

一场项目式学习与技术的邂逅——记2018微软全球教育者大会(Educator Exchange)

2018年3月12日,2018微软全球教育者大会在新加坡举行,来自全球91个国家和地区的近400位教育者齐聚一堂。今年大会将议题焦点锁定在21世纪核心技能以及学生批判性思维的培养上。这一议题来源于教育面临的挑战:未来将有85%的现今职业发生变化,作为教育者的我们准备好了吗?如何培养孩子适应未来生活的能力?教育正在面临新的技术、新的体验和新的挑战,我们需要怎样改变现今的教育方式?

Education Exchange Building Bridges

EDUCATION is the backbone of a country＇s development and described by Nelson Mandela as the most powerful weapon you can use to change the world. It was therefore no surprise that after Chinese President Xi Jinping visited South Africa in early 2013. the two developing countries issued a joint communique confirming they would continue to expand cooperation in basic and tertiary education.

Vascular trauma： selected historical reflections from the western world

In the spirit of international exchanges of knowledge with colleagues from all over the world, who are interested in the care and treatment of vascular trauma, we offer selected historical reflections from the western world on vascular trauma. Whereas there are a number of key individuals and a variety of events that are important to us in our writing, we know essentially nothing about what is written by other cultures and, particularly, the Chinese. It is well recognized around the world that Chinese surgeons are among the first to be highly successful in re-plantation of severed extremities, repairing both injured arteries and veins. Also, we recognize that there are contributions in other parts of the world, which are not well known to us collectively. Contributions from the Arabic speaking part of the world come to mind because there is periodic brief reference. We offer our perspective hoping that there will be one or more Chinese surgeons who will offer us the benefit of sharing their perspective on important historical contribu- tions to the managing of vascular trauma outside of the western world, and, particularly, the English speaking literature. Once again, we encourage our colleagues in the Arabic speaking world to provide us with their perspective of the development and management of vascular trauma.

The Hidden Helping Hand： The U.S. Government＇s Assistance to Chinese Returnees, 1949-1955

Despite serious difficulties caused by the civil war in China and the military confrontation in Korea, over 1,200 Chinese students and scholars returned from the United States （U.S.） to their homeland in the 1950s. While the effort made by the returnees and the Communist regime has been studied, the role played by the U.S. government remains unclear. Relying mostly on archived government documents and published individual recollections, this paper shows that Washington provided most of its assistance to the Chinese students through the emergency aid program, which not only covered all the educational costs for about three quarters of them, but also paid travel expenses for about two thirds of the returnees. In addition, Washington assisted many students in obtaining visas from the British government for their transfer in Hong Kong and offered them room, board, and other services while they were waiting for their transportation in San Francisco. The examination of the helping hand extended by Washington to these returning Chinese students can enhance our understanding of the complex and dynamic nature of Sino-American relations during the Cold War.