Electron enregy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy filtering transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) investigation on 2.25Cr-lMo steel was carried out to understand the nature of evolution of secondary carbides. The...Electron enregy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy filtering transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) investigation on 2.25Cr-lMo steel was carried out to understand the nature of evolution of secondary carbides. The filtered images obtained from two different ageing treatments indicate that the steel evolves to a more stable carbide namely M23C6 in comparison to M2C. Microchemical information was generated from EELS spectra. Suitable choice for estimating the microchemical state was discussed. To evaluate the behaviour of ageing an elemental ratio of Fe to Cr is employed.展开更多
American eels are declining throughout their range requiring a better understanding of physiological requirements of all life stages and optimal conditions for laboratory rearing and aquaculture. American glass eels (...American eels are declining throughout their range requiring a better understanding of physiological requirements of all life stages and optimal conditions for laboratory rearing and aquaculture. American glass eels (Anguilla rostrata) were housed for 3 weeks at 14°C, 18°C, 22°C, or 26°C to determine optimal juvenile rearing temperature in the laboratory. All treatments exhibited weight gain over the course of the study except the 14°C treatment;however, there were only marginal differences in final weight between the 18°C and 14°C treatments and no differences in length. Variation in length and weight generally increased as temperature increased with significant differences in the standard error of weight between 14°C and the 22°C and 26°C treatments and between 18°C and 26°C. Mortality was significantly greater than expected by chance at 26°C?(7 deaths) and no mortality was observed at 14°C. Body condition (based on the residuals from the weight-length relationships), conversely, was lowest in the 14°C treatment. Considering all response variables, optimal laboratory rearing conditions were observed between 18°C - 22°C. Within a week of experimentation, evidence of gas bubble disease was observed and by completion noted in all treatments except at 14°C, likely as a function of decreased gas solubility at warmer temperatures. Levels of total gas pressure (103% - 108%) and Δp (28 - 54 mm Hg) values may account for the gas bubbles observed.展开更多
A review of our experience in range of electron spectroscopy of the physical vapor-phase deposition and growth of single- and multilayer nanostructures with atomic scale interfaces is presented. The foundation of an i...A review of our experience in range of electron spectroscopy of the physical vapor-phase deposition and growth of single- and multilayer nanostructures with atomic scale interfaces is presented. The foundation of an innovative methodology for the combined AES-EELS analysis of layered nanostructures is developed. The methodology includes: 1) determination of the composition, thickness, and the mechanism of phase transitions in nanocoatings under the probing depth most appropriated for the range of film thickness 1 - 10 ML;2) quantitative iteration Auger-analysis of the composition, thickness and growth mechanism of nanocoating;3) structural and phase analysis of nanocoatings with use of the analysis of position, shape and energy of the plasmon EELS peak and with subtracting the contribution from the substrate;4) analysis of phase transitions with use of the shift of the plasmon Auger-satellite and 5) non-destructive profiling of the composition of nanocoatings over depth with use of a dependence of the intensity and energy of EELS peaks on the value of the primary electron energy.展开更多
In order to evaluate the involvement of the thyroid gland in reproduction, thyroid functioning was described in female cultivated Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) in progressive stages of sexual maturation induced by ...In order to evaluate the involvement of the thyroid gland in reproduction, thyroid functioning was described in female cultivated Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) in progressive stages of sexual maturation induced by chum salmon pituitary homogenate (SPH) treatment. Serum thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) were also measured in each stage. Thyroid gland activity (epithelial cell height) was high before SPH injection (previtellogenic stage), further increasing at the early vitellogenic stage, thereafter decreasing to late vitellogenic and migratory nucleus stages. The profiles of both T3 and T4 changed during vitellogenesis, being high during previtellogenic and early vitellogenic stages, and subsequently declining, thus mimicking thyroid gland activity. These results suggest that the thyroid has relation with eel ovarian development during artificial maturation.展开更多
The present study aimed at making a rational usage for European eel bone by-products by preparing Europen eel bone peptide chelated calcium(EBPC-Ca).Nutritional properties and bioactivity of EBPC-Ca were evaluated.Res...The present study aimed at making a rational usage for European eel bone by-products by preparing Europen eel bone peptide chelated calcium(EBPC-Ca).Nutritional properties and bioactivity of EBPC-Ca were evaluated.Results showed that nutritional properties of calcium ions will cause intra-and inter-molecular folding and aggregation of peptide to uniformly form EBPC-Ca chelate.The chelated compound of EBPC and calcium ion triggered a strong apoptosis in heterogeneous human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma(Caco-2)in concentration-and time-dependent manners.Western blot analysis revealed that the EBPC-Ca induced apoptosis may be the result of a blocked autophagy flux through mitochondrial-dependent pathway.Additionally,the increase in FGF-23 protein expression inhibited the absorption of calcium ions and alleviated cell apoptosis.It was also found that the cell apoptosis occurs with significant increases in the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and Ca^(2+)in the cells,indicating the anti-tumor potential of EBPC-Ca may involve multiple channels.展开更多
[Objective]The paper was to develop new fodder additives and to strengthen comprehensive utilization of Spartina alterniflora resources.[Method]The effects of biomineral liquid from S.alterniflora on growth,nutritiona...[Objective]The paper was to develop new fodder additives and to strengthen comprehensive utilization of Spartina alterniflora resources.[Method]The effects of biomineral liquid from S.alterniflora on growth,nutritional components of ricefield eels were studied.[Result]（1）0.5%of biomineral liquid had significant effect on weight gain rate,which was 8.37%higher than that in control group（P〈0.01）.Further supply of biomineral liquid could not increase the weight gain rate.Furthermore,biomineral liquid had no effect on the survival rate of ricefield eels.（2）Ricefield eels had certain changes in body color in the0.5%biomineral liquid group,and some ricefield eels were yellowing.（3）The contents of Cr,Fe,Zn in body of ricefield eels in treatment group were significantly higher than that in control group,but was lower than that in wild eel group,and the content of Se in treatment group was lower than that in control group and wild group（P〈0.01）.（4）The contents of K,Mg in muscle of ricefield eels in treatment group were higher than those in control group and wild eel group.The contents of ash and Ca in treatment group were close to that in control group but were higher than that in wild eel group.The content of crude fat in treatment group was close to that in wild eel group but was lower than that in control group.The contents of Zn,Se,Ni in treatment group were higher than that in control group and wild eel group,and the contents of Cr,Fe,Cu were close to that in control group and were higher than that in wild eel group（P〈0.01）.No significant differences were observed in the contents of moisture,crude fat and P among the three groups（P〉0.05）.[Conclusion]Addition of biomineral liquid from S.alterniflora could speed up the growth of ricefield eels and significantly improve their flesh quality,but had no significant effect on survival rate of ricefield eels.展开更多
This paper was adopting intestinal normal microbiota: Micrococcus tntestinalt, sp. and Beneckea campbell, and were prepared to microecologics, also gave a rebuild of intestinal micro ecospecies for ossified eels, and ...This paper was adopting intestinal normal microbiota: Micrococcus tntestinalt, sp. and Beneckea campbell, and were prepared to microecologics, also gave a rebuild of intestinal micro ecospecies for ossified eels, and research effect of increasing growth and rejuvenation to them, by the microecologics. Moreover, specially to set up double-control, including a thyroideum medicament and an empty test group, for the comparison and analysis. Our results show that the intestinal microecologics of eel, for increasing growth and rejuvenation to ossified eels, that are botth achieve striking effect. But looked the thyroideum for increasing growth to ossified eels were be very effective. Nevertheless, which for rejuvenation was failed to take effect.Furthermore, we inc-lined to believe that the could be possible still significance of effect, if again added intestinal obligate anserobes of adult eels, and the cerebiogen into this microecologics.展开更多
文摘Electron enregy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy filtering transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) investigation on 2.25Cr-lMo steel was carried out to understand the nature of evolution of secondary carbides. The filtered images obtained from two different ageing treatments indicate that the steel evolves to a more stable carbide namely M23C6 in comparison to M2C. Microchemical information was generated from EELS spectra. Suitable choice for estimating the microchemical state was discussed. To evaluate the behaviour of ageing an elemental ratio of Fe to Cr is employed.
文摘American eels are declining throughout their range requiring a better understanding of physiological requirements of all life stages and optimal conditions for laboratory rearing and aquaculture. American glass eels (Anguilla rostrata) were housed for 3 weeks at 14°C, 18°C, 22°C, or 26°C to determine optimal juvenile rearing temperature in the laboratory. All treatments exhibited weight gain over the course of the study except the 14°C treatment;however, there were only marginal differences in final weight between the 18°C and 14°C treatments and no differences in length. Variation in length and weight generally increased as temperature increased with significant differences in the standard error of weight between 14°C and the 22°C and 26°C treatments and between 18°C and 26°C. Mortality was significantly greater than expected by chance at 26°C?(7 deaths) and no mortality was observed at 14°C. Body condition (based on the residuals from the weight-length relationships), conversely, was lowest in the 14°C treatment. Considering all response variables, optimal laboratory rearing conditions were observed between 18°C - 22°C. Within a week of experimentation, evidence of gas bubble disease was observed and by completion noted in all treatments except at 14°C, likely as a function of decreased gas solubility at warmer temperatures. Levels of total gas pressure (103% - 108%) and Δp (28 - 54 mm Hg) values may account for the gas bubbles observed.
文摘A review of our experience in range of electron spectroscopy of the physical vapor-phase deposition and growth of single- and multilayer nanostructures with atomic scale interfaces is presented. The foundation of an innovative methodology for the combined AES-EELS analysis of layered nanostructures is developed. The methodology includes: 1) determination of the composition, thickness, and the mechanism of phase transitions in nanocoatings under the probing depth most appropriated for the range of film thickness 1 - 10 ML;2) quantitative iteration Auger-analysis of the composition, thickness and growth mechanism of nanocoating;3) structural and phase analysis of nanocoatings with use of the analysis of position, shape and energy of the plasmon EELS peak and with subtracting the contribution from the substrate;4) analysis of phase transitions with use of the shift of the plasmon Auger-satellite and 5) non-destructive profiling of the composition of nanocoatings over depth with use of a dependence of the intensity and energy of EELS peaks on the value of the primary electron energy.
文摘In order to evaluate the involvement of the thyroid gland in reproduction, thyroid functioning was described in female cultivated Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) in progressive stages of sexual maturation induced by chum salmon pituitary homogenate (SPH) treatment. Serum thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) were also measured in each stage. Thyroid gland activity (epithelial cell height) was high before SPH injection (previtellogenic stage), further increasing at the early vitellogenic stage, thereafter decreasing to late vitellogenic and migratory nucleus stages. The profiles of both T3 and T4 changed during vitellogenesis, being high during previtellogenic and early vitellogenic stages, and subsequently declining, thus mimicking thyroid gland activity. These results suggest that the thyroid has relation with eel ovarian development during artificial maturation.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant No.31801459,Grant No.32072209)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(2020M682073)+1 种基金the Science and Technology General Projects of Fujian Province(2019J01393)Program of Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology in Fujian Province University([2020]12)。
文摘The present study aimed at making a rational usage for European eel bone by-products by preparing Europen eel bone peptide chelated calcium(EBPC-Ca).Nutritional properties and bioactivity of EBPC-Ca were evaluated.Results showed that nutritional properties of calcium ions will cause intra-and inter-molecular folding and aggregation of peptide to uniformly form EBPC-Ca chelate.The chelated compound of EBPC and calcium ion triggered a strong apoptosis in heterogeneous human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma(Caco-2)in concentration-and time-dependent manners.Western blot analysis revealed that the EBPC-Ca induced apoptosis may be the result of a blocked autophagy flux through mitochondrial-dependent pathway.Additionally,the increase in FGF-23 protein expression inhibited the absorption of calcium ions and alleviated cell apoptosis.It was also found that the cell apoptosis occurs with significant increases in the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and Ca^(2+)in the cells,indicating the anti-tumor potential of EBPC-Ca may involve multiple channels.
基金Supported by Project of Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission“Research and Demonstration of Ricefield Eel Ecological Breeding Technology based on Rice-eel Farming System(15391912200)”
文摘[Objective]The paper was to develop new fodder additives and to strengthen comprehensive utilization of Spartina alterniflora resources.[Method]The effects of biomineral liquid from S.alterniflora on growth,nutritional components of ricefield eels were studied.[Result]（1）0.5%of biomineral liquid had significant effect on weight gain rate,which was 8.37%higher than that in control group（P〈0.01）.Further supply of biomineral liquid could not increase the weight gain rate.Furthermore,biomineral liquid had no effect on the survival rate of ricefield eels.（2）Ricefield eels had certain changes in body color in the0.5%biomineral liquid group,and some ricefield eels were yellowing.（3）The contents of Cr,Fe,Zn in body of ricefield eels in treatment group were significantly higher than that in control group,but was lower than that in wild eel group,and the content of Se in treatment group was lower than that in control group and wild group（P〈0.01）.（4）The contents of K,Mg in muscle of ricefield eels in treatment group were higher than those in control group and wild eel group.The contents of ash and Ca in treatment group were close to that in control group but were higher than that in wild eel group.The content of crude fat in treatment group was close to that in wild eel group but was lower than that in control group.The contents of Zn,Se,Ni in treatment group were higher than that in control group and wild eel group,and the contents of Cr,Fe,Cu were close to that in control group and were higher than that in wild eel group（P〈0.01）.No significant differences were observed in the contents of moisture,crude fat and P among the three groups（P〉0.05）.[Conclusion]Addition of biomineral liquid from S.alterniflora could speed up the growth of ricefield eels and significantly improve their flesh quality,but had no significant effect on survival rate of ricefield eels.
文摘This paper was adopting intestinal normal microbiota: Micrococcus tntestinalt, sp. and Beneckea campbell, and were prepared to microecologics, also gave a rebuild of intestinal micro ecospecies for ossified eels, and research effect of increasing growth and rejuvenation to them, by the microecologics. Moreover, specially to set up double-control, including a thyroideum medicament and an empty test group, for the comparison and analysis. Our results show that the intestinal microecologics of eel, for increasing growth and rejuvenation to ossified eels, that are botth achieve striking effect. But looked the thyroideum for increasing growth to ossified eels were be very effective. Nevertheless, which for rejuvenation was failed to take effect.Furthermore, we inc-lined to believe that the could be possible still significance of effect, if again added intestinal obligate anserobes of adult eels, and the cerebiogen into this microecologics.
