The dynamic coupling model and its application of urbanization and eco-environment in Hexi Corridor

This paper, taking Hexi Corridor as an example, analyzes the altemating intimidation and the dynamic evolving relation between urbanization and eco-environment in arid area of West China. We argue that the harmonious development system of the urbanization and eco-environment would go through four phases： rudimentary symbiotic phase, harmonious developmental phase, utmost increasing phase and spiral type rising phase. Throughout the four phases, the elements of the system would influence each other, coerce each other, and complete the spiral type rising process from low-grade symbiosis to high-grade harmony together. The study on Hexi Corridor shows that the urbanization level in Hexi Corridor has increased gradually from 1985 to 2003 accompanied with the fluctuations of eco-environment state. The response of eco-environment to urbanization has been evident, but lagged behind the urbanization course. At present, the harmonious development system in Hexi Corridor was in its harmonious developmental phase. However, the coupling degree has increased quickly and approached 90 yet, which is signaling that the system is about to enter the utmost increasing phase, and the ecological crisis will enter the latent period. We have found that the coupling degree can well reflect the interactive coercing and dynamic evolving situation between urbanization and eco-environment in Hexi Corridor. From the temporal change of the coupling degree, it can be concluded that urbanization sometimes needs to pay a certain cost for the damage of the eco-environment in its initial stages, but as the urbanization continues, the state of the eco-environment would be meliorated.

Nanoscale mass sensing based on vibration of single-layered graphene sheet in thermal environments

Based on vibration analysis, single-layered graphene sheet （SLGS） with multiple attached nanoparticles is developed as nanoscale mass sensor in thermal environments. Graphene sensors are assumed to be in simplysupported configuration. Based on the nonlocal plate the- ory which incorporates size effects into the classical theory, closed-form expressions lot the frequencies and relative fre- quency shills of SLGS-based mass sensor are derived using the Galerkin method. The suggested model is justified by a good agreement between the results given by the present model and available data in literature. The effects of tem- perature difference, nonlocal parameter, the location of the nanoparticle and the number of nanoparticles on the relative frequency shift of the mass sensor are also elucidated. The obtained results show that the sensitivity of the SLGS- based mass sensor increases with increasing temperature difference.

Effect of nitrite intercalated Mg-Al layered double hydroxides on mortar durability under Cl−and SO_(4)^(2-) coexisting environment

The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of nitrite intercalated Mg-Al layered double hydroxides(Mg-Al LDH-NO_(2))on mortar durability under the coexisting environment of Cl−and SO_(4)^(2-).Cl−and SO_(4)^(2-) binding properties of Mg-Al LDH-NO_(2) in simulated concrete pore solutions,Cl−and SO_(4)^(2-) diffusion properties of mortars with Mg-Al LDHNO 2 were examined.The steel corrosion and resistance of mortar against SO_(4)^(2-) attack were also evaluated.The results indicate that Mg-Al LDH-NO_(2) can effectively adsorb the Cl−and SO_(4)^(2-) in simulated concrete pore solution,and inhibit the diffusion of Cl−and SO_(4)^(2-) into cement mortars.The presence of SO_(4)^(2-) can greatly affect the uptake amount of Cl−,and there is a coupled effect of Cl−and SO_(4)^(2-) on their penetration into mortar specimens.In addition,Mg-Al LDH-NO_(2) can greatly upgrade the resistance of mortars against SO_(4)^(2-) attack and well prevent the steel from corrosion.However,Cl−will aggravate the SO_(4)^(2-) attack and SO_(4)^(2-) can initially decrease and then increase the steel corrosion.

Store Environment:Its Importance and Consumers'Expectations on Casual-wear Chain Stores in Honk Kong

This study attempted to examine the importance of storeenvironment in affecting consumers’store choice deci-sion;the relative importance among the three environ-mental factors;and consumers’expectations on store en-vironment for the casual-wear chain stores in HongKong.Julie Baker’s Three-category framework onstore environments namely ambient,design and socialfactors was adopted for investigation.The results indi-cated that the store environment was important in affect-ing consumers’selection of store for shopping.It alsorevealed that social factor was perceived relatively im-portant than ambient and design factors.Nine store ex-pectation dimensions were categorised and the resultdemonstrated that most respondents were concerned onthe social aspect in their expectation of having a satisfy-ing store environment.

Genetic relationship of rapeseed yield-related traits revealed by elite lines under multiple environments

To provide a theoretical basis for further improvement of Brassica napus yield, additive dominance with additive - by - additive epistatic effects （ ADAA） genetic model and a 6 X 8 partial dial- lel cross design were used to analyze the genetic effects and correlations of five yield related traits of 14 excellent Brassica napus parental lines and their 46 and F2 populations. The results showed that silique density （SD） , siliques per plant （SPP） , seeds per silique （SPS） and thousand - seed weight （TSW） exhibited not only additive and dominant effects, but also significant epistatic effects. The dominant effects of all five yield - related traits were obviously greater than their additive effects and epistatic effects. Yield per plant （YPP） showed significant genetic correlation with SD, SPP and SPS, and the main component of the genetic correlation was the dominance correlation. SPP and SPS both showed a significant negative correlation with TSW. The SD of rapeseed was genetically correlated with all three components of yield to a certain extent, and there were different components of genetic effects positively correlated with the three yield components, indicating that SD is a potential trait to reconcile the conflict between TSW and SPP as well as SPS.

Seismic Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Frames in the Harsh Environment Using Pushover Analysis

The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the seismic response of buildings of typical reinforced concrete frames when concrete starts to deteriorate gradually and to make a comparison between the base shear and the displacement at different stages of earthquake loading. Typical 5, 15, 20 and 30-storey reinforced concrete frames have been designed for seismicity according to the recently adopted seismic code in Abu Dhabi, ACI 318-08/IBC 2009 code. A pushover analysis has been performed to these four buildings by using SAP 2000. Twenty-four models have been created (6 models for each building) by decreasing the concrete strength gradually from 4000 psi (281 kg/cm2) to 1500 psi (105 kg/cm2). This is to simulate the effect of harsh environment on the strength of concrete in existing buildings.

区域矿产资源开发对社会经济与生态环境系统的约束与支撑--以吉林省为例

基于吉林省1997和2002年价值型投入产出表以及绿色投入产出表构建,对矿产资源在社会经济发展和生态环境建设过程中的约束和支撑作用进行了动态分析,结果表明:(1)矿产资源开采业是吉林省附加值率最高的行业部门,但开发投入水平过低,削弱了矿产资源对社会经济持续发展的保障能力;(2)吉林省矿业为运输指向的行业;矿业的产出带动能力、居民收入带动能力以及劳动力吸引能力不高;(3)吉林省非金属矿产资源开发利用的产业关联与波及效应潜力较大;油页岩、非金属矿产资源等优势矿种的开发利用,能够缓解能源瓶颈问题并带动社会经济发展;(4)吉林省考虑环境治理成本的产品价格变化幅度在0.26%-5.63%之间;受影响最大的是金属冶炼及压延、非金属矿物制品业和金属制品业等重污染行业;随着社会经济的发展,环境投入对各部门产品价格影响减小。

Ways to Overcome Anxiety in the English Listening Class in College (SUN JING-YU KE SU-FEN)

In my ten-yeat experience of tenching English as major in college , I feel that students experience more difficulties in listening lessons than in other lessons. What, then, prevents students from achieving success in the listening class? I suggest that anxiety is one of the major factors, which interferes with students listening comprehension. And I would agree with writers such as Gardner and Horwitz et al. (1991)that anxiety may impede learner’s ability to perform successfully in all aspects of learning a foreign language. I feet it is particularly significant for listening.

Comparison of electrochemical properties of atmospheric pressure plasma coatings for Al_2O_3-3TiO_2 and CoNiCrAlY in sea water

To improve the durability of underwater rotating products,the corrosion characteristics in harsh marine environment were evaluated through various electrochemical experiments on the Al2O3-3TiO2 and CoNiCrAlY coating layers by atmospheric pressure plasma spray coating process.By evaluating the corrosion resistance of these materials,their applicability to environmentally friendly power generation equipment such as blades of tidal current turbines was examined.According to the Tafel analysis for micro-areas including the coating layer,the coating/metal interlayer and the base metal,the Al2O3-3TiO2 coating layer and the CoNiCrAlY coating layer show markedly lower corrosion current density than the base metal.The corrosion current density of the CoNiCrAlY coating layer (9.75316×10-8A/cm2) is about 1.6 times more than that of the Al2O3-3TiO2 coating layer (6.13139×10-8A/cm2).

豫北平原近25年来生态服务价值研究

运用3S技术,分析和探讨了豫北平原的内黄县1979—2003年的生态系统服务价值变化.土地利用变化直接影响生态服务价值,该区25年间的生态系统服务价值变化显著,呈增长趋势.耕地和林地生态系统服务功能约占总服务价值的80%～90%.结果表明:25年来内黄县研究区域的生态环境质量呈不断上升的态势,生态系统服务价值增加逾2.6×108元.研究区内的林地、园地面积不断增加,增加的面积部分主要源自未利用地,而另一部分则是由耕地转变而来.这一方面反映了人口增长和经济建设需求对生态环境变化的积极影响,另一方面也反映了研究区人民和相关部门重视生态环境,环保意识增强.

大辽河地区生态环境敏感性评价

为了防止大辽河地区湿地生态功能减退,促进大辽河地区的河流及湿地生态环境保护,本研究以盘锦和营口地区为研究区域,建立了大辽河地区生态环境敏感性评价的指标体系,结合GIS技术,利用层次分析法和模糊评判模型计算出研究区域的敏感性等级及空间分布。评价结果表明,大辽河地区生态敏感性在空间分布上呈现显著差异性;中度敏感区主要分布在盘山县区以及盖州东南部分地区,土地面积为2 607.42km2,占总土地面积的30.38%;高度敏感区占整个研究区域的大部分,覆盖了盘锦市、大洼县、营口市、大石桥市以及盖州市大部分地区,土地面积为5 975.55km2,占总土地面积的69.62%。中度敏感区要适度开发,避免生态环境破坏;高度敏感区要恢复与保护原生植被,提高生态系统的多样性与稳定性,实现可持续发展。

河流梯级开发对生态环境影响的研究进展

河流梯级开发在满足社会需求的同时,还对区域生态环境具有一定的作用。针对河流水电开发对生态环境的影响,从河川流量、泥沙输移、水环境以及水生物等几个方面,将国内外的研究状况进行综合评述,并探讨了今后重点研究的几个方面:①如何应用可持续理念指导水资源开发与调度;②水利工程建设对河流水沙变化影响的量化研究;③失衡生态系统的自适应和自恢复机理研究;④水体富营养化最小临界流速研究;⑤如何通过水库联合调度,解决河流水电开发造成的环境胁迫问题的研究。

绿色创新研究的几个基本问题

近些年来,针对绿色创新的研究逐渐成为热点。与绿色创新相近的概念主要包括生态创新、环境创新和可持续创新,但以往研究并没有很好地区分四者之间的关系,导致现有关于降低对自然环境消极影响的创新研究缺乏清晰的概念内涵。本文在对上述四个相近概念进行辨析的基础上,构建出绿色创新概念的定义和内涵。

草原生态补奖政策问题与建议

以内蒙古为例,基于牧户调研和遥感数据,总结了第一轮草原生态补助奖励机制实施以来取得的成效。指出了第一轮草原生态补奖政策实施中存在的主要问题,分析探讨了超载过牧难以控制的原因,及草原生态补奖的内涵,在此基础上提出了优化草原生态补奖政策的建议。

农村发展中生态环境问题及其管理创新探讨

在对农村发展中生态环境问题辨析的基础上,分析农村生态环境问题的成因,并构建农村发展与生态环境保护相结合的农村生态环境管理模式,从转变农村生产模式、建立符合我国实际的、激励和约束相容的区域农村生态环境决策与管理体系等方面对农村生态环境管理进行创新。

基于脆弱性和可持续生计视角的黄土高原生态环境治理研究

脆弱性和可持续生计在国际上倍受关注,脆弱性分析和可持续生计方法已经成为可持续发展研究的重要工具,该文以脆弱性和可持续生计为视角,对黄土高原现行的水土流失治理和生态环境建设的模式进行审视,认为坝系退耕、赈济退耕、梯田退耕、集雨工程、生态移民5种模式的实质是通过人为干预改变黄土高原水沙运移的时空特征,遏止日趋严重的水土流失,防止生态环境进一步恶化,实现黄河中下游的生态安全和可持续发展;不同模式在黄土高原水土流失治理和生态环境建设中各有其优势,也各有其脆弱性,其应用和推广必须因地制宜,必须适应黄土高原的自然地理分异特点,必须考虑地方居民的可持续生计,不能以偏概全,要统筹考虑。

福建省农业生态环境质量评价方法研究

根据农业生态环境评价指标筛选的原则,选择与福建省农业生态环境质量密切相关的19个因子作为候选因子,通过专家对候选因子进行排队打分筛选,得出福建省农业生态环境质量评价指标体系,采用层次分析方法确定各因子指标权重Ki。经过归一化处理,得到福建省68个县归一化后的因子值aij和农业生态环境质量总指数值的计算公式Pj=∑aij.Ki,再根据总指数值的大小,将各区、县(市)的农业生态环境质量划分为好、较好、一般、较差、差五个等级。利用G IS制作福建省农业生态环境质量现状分布图,结果表明,福建农业生态环境质量现状有从东南沿海差或较差向西北好逐渐变化的趋势;灾害面积率、林地面积占土地面积百分率、耕地面积占土地面积百分率、化肥使用量、农药施用量、人均耕地面积是决定福建各地农业生态环境优劣的主要原因。

马来西亚雪兰莪州生态环境脆弱度评价——基于逐次投影寻踪模型的研究

以马来西亚雪兰俄州为例,利用逐次投影寻踪模型进行了生态环境脆弱度评价。在评价过程中,评价指标中加入了基于遥感的表征指标,并且通过逐次投影寻踪模型确定指标权重。结果表明,该地区的生态环境脆弱度不断加重,生态环境逐渐恶化;加入遥感表征指标,并基于逐次投影寻踪模型进行的生态环境脆弱度评价能,更好地反映研究区的生态环境脆弱度态势。

成都市生态环境与社会经济协调发展分析

以成都市为研究区域，采用主成分分析法（PCA）确定选取的生态环境与社会经济各项指标的权重，在此基础上建立可持续发展模型，对该区域生态环境与社会经济的协调发展度进行了分析。分析结果表明：成都市生态环境与社会经济之间属于协调发展类环境滞后型，且2001～2004年协调发展值逐年下降，可持续发展情况呈下降趋势。说明成都市在发展经济的同时，必须进一步增加环保投资，加强生态环境建设，还应将循环经济理论应用到区域规划中，调整产业结构，促进生态工业、生态社会、生态服务业等的建设，减少污染物的产生，实现环境、经济的”双赢”，做到真正的可持续发展。