Damage effectiveness assessment method for anti-ship missiles based on double hierarchy linguistic term sets and evidence theory

The research on the damage effectiveness assessment of anti-ship missiles involves system science and weapon science, and has essential strategic research significance. With comprehensive analysis of the specific process of the damage assessment process of anti-missile against ships, a synthetic damage effectiveness assessment process is proposed based on the double hierarchy linguistic term set and the evidence theory. In order to improve the accuracy of the expert ’s assessment information, double hierarchy linguistic terms are used to describe the assessment opinions of experts. In order to avoid the loss of experts ’ original information caused by information fusion rules, the evidence theory is used to fuse the assessment information of various experts on each case. Good stability of the assessment process can be reflected through sensitivity analysis, and the fluctuation of a certain parameter does not have an excessive influence on the assessment results. The assessment process is accurate enough to be reflected through comparative analysis and it has a good advantage in damage effectiveness assessment.

MF-CFI:A fused evaluation index for camouflage patterns based on human visual perception

The evaluation index of camouflage patterns is important in the field of military application.It is the goal that researchers have always pursued to make the computable evaluation indicators more in line with the human visual mechanism.In order to make the evaluation method more computationally intelligent,a Multi-Feature Camouflage Fused Index(MF-CFI)is proposed based on the comparison of grayscale,color and texture features between the target and the background.In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed index,eye movement experiments are conducted to compare the proposed index with existing indexes including Universal Image Quality Index(UIQI),Camouflage Similarity Index(CSI)and Structural Similarity(SSIM).Twenty-four different simulated targets are designed in a grassland background,28 observers participate in the experiment and record the eye movement data during the observation process.The results show that the highest Pearson correlation coefficient is observed between MF-CFI and the eye movement data,both in the designed digital camouflage patterns and largespot camouflage patterns.Since MF-CFI is more in line with the detection law of camouflage targets in human visual perception,the proposed index can be used for the comparison and parameter optimization of camouflage design algorithms.

Assessing the Effect of Natural Controls and Land Use Change on Sediment Yield in a Major Andean River:The Magdalena Drainage Basin,Colombia

马格达莱纳河是哥伦比亚安第斯山区的一个世界级的河流网络，该河流年产沙量约为150Mt，是全世界10大主要产沙河流之一。在本研究中，我们探讨主要自然因子和人类活动对马格达莱纳河流域产沙模式的影响，重建该区森林砍伐和农业活动时空模式，探讨土地利用变化与产沙趋势的关系。我们的研究结果表明，整个马格达莱纳河流域的产沙量可以用自然变量（包括径流量和最大河水流量）来解释。这两个因子解释了产沙量58％的变化。含沙率和土地利用的时间分析表明，在过去10～20年里流域侵蚀呈现增加的趋势。许多人类活动的影响，包括森林覆被在20年里减小了近40％．农业和牧场增加了65％、土壤保持差、开矿活动，以及城市化的加速，都促进了该地区域尺度上产沙量的增加。

Synthetic damage effect assessment through evidential reasoning approach and neural fuzzy inference:Application in ship target

The damage effect assessment of anti-ship missiles combines system science and weapon science,which can provide reference for the assessment of battlefield damage situation.In order to solve the difficulty of heterogeneous data aggregation and the difficulty in constructing the mapping between factors and damage effect,this paper analyzes the specific damage process of the anti-ship missile to the ship,and proposes a synthetic Evidential Reasoning(ER)–Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System(ANFIS)to assess the damage effect.To solve the problem of fuzziness and uncertainty of criteria in the assessment process,the belief structure model is used to transform qualitative and quantitative information into a unified mathematical structure,and ER algorithm is used to fuse the information of lower-level criteria.In order to solve the problem of fuzziness and uncertainty of the information contained in the first-level variables,and the strong non-linear characteristics of the mapping between first-level variables and damage effect,the ANFIS with selfadaptation and self-learning is constructed.The map between the three first-level variables and damage effect is established,and the interaction process of the various factors in the damage effect assessment are clear.Sensitivity analysis shows that assessment model has good stability.The result analysis and comparative analysis show that the process proposed in this paper can effectively assess the damage effect of anti-ship missiles,and all criteria data are objective and comparable.

Assessment of echinococcosis control in Tibet Autonomous Region,China

Background:In China the highest prevalence of echinococcosis is in Tibet Autonomous Region(TAR).The government has issued documents and implemented comprehensive prevention and control measures focusing on controlling the source of infection of echinococcosis.It was very important to understand the implementation and effect of infectious source control measures.The purpose of this study was to examine the implementation of measures to control infectious source(domestic and stray dogs)in TAR and to assess their effectiveness.Methods:We collected data on domestic dog registration and deworming and stray dog sheltering in 74 counties/districts in the TAR from 2017 to 2019.Fecal samples from domestic dogs were collected from randomly selected towns to determine Echinococcus infection in dogs using coproantigen ELISA.We analyzed the data to compare the canine rate of infection between 2016 and 2019.The data analysis was performed by SPSS statistical to compare dog infection rate in 2016 and 2019 by chi-square test,and ArcGIS was used for mapping.Results:From 2017 to 2019,84 stray dog shelters were built in TAR,and accumulatively 446,660 stray or infected dogs were arrested,sheltered,or disposed of.The number of domestic dogs went downward,with an increased registration management rate of 78.4%(2017),88.8%(2018),and 99.0%(2019).Dogs were dewormed 5 times in 2017,12 times in 2018,and 12 times in 2019.The dog infection rate was 1.7%(252/14,584)in 2019,significantly lower than 7.3%(552/7564)from the survey of echinococcosis prevalence in Tibet in 2016(P<0.05).Conclusion:Between 2017 and 2019,the number of stray dogs and infection rate of Echinococcus spp.in domestic dogs decreased significantly,indicating that dogs were effectively controlled as a source of infection in TAR and reflecting a significant decrease in the risk of echinococcosis transmission.

Paired Assistance:Policy Rationale and Economic Performance as Illustrated by Xizang and Xinjiang

This study highlights the changing priorities of China’s paired assistance throughout the past decades,as well as its theoretical implications and economic growth effects for recipient regions.Using panel data from 32 prefecture-level cities from 1990 to 2020,this study uses the multiperiod difference-in-differences approach to examine how paired assistance has contributed to economic growth in Xizang Autonomous Region and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.The findings indicate that,first,the implementation of the paired assistance policy has boosted economic growth in Xizang and Xinjiang.Second,paired assistance has stimulated economic growth in recipient communities by improving infrastructure.Third,paired assistance has contributed to economic growth in recipient communities by providing improved public services such as education and healthcare.Improvements to public services have a relatively smaller indirect effect in short term than infrastructure development on economic growth.Yet both education and healthcare are crucial to people’s quality of life in recipient communities.This paper has refined and broadened research on the effects of paired assistance,providing preference for future policymaking.

Assessment of Effect of Shexiang Baoxin Pill for Labour Angina Pectoris Patients with Computerized Tomography Myocardial Imaging

Objective:To assess the effect of Shexiang Baoxin Pill（SXBXP）for labour angina pectoris.Methods:Effect of 66 patientstreated withconven tional treatment or conventional treatment plus SXBXP were observed and compared with99m TC-MIBI singlepho tonemissi on computerized tomography（SPECT）target cardiograph to estimate is chemia my ocardial area.Results:The total effectiverate was much higher in patients treated with SXBXP than that in patients treated with conventional treatment only（87.8%vs.56%,P＜0.05）.The effective rate on ECG in the two group swas 70.7% and 52%respectively,with out significant statistical difference between them（P＞0.05）.While significant difference was observed in is chemiaarea of my ocardiali mage between the two groups after treatment,18.2±8.2%vs23.8±9.8%,P<0.05.Moreover,there currence of anginapect or is and cardiaceven twerealsolessin the SXBXPgroup.Conclusion:the SXBXP was effective for labourangina pectoris.