Ultrafast Spectral Studies of the Primary Processes of Photosynthesis in Spinach and Water Hyacinth Leaves

The authors have studied the spectroscopic characteristics and the fluorescence lifetime for the chloroplasts from spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart) Solms.) plant leaves by absorption spectra, low temperature steady_state fluorescence spectroscopy and single photon counting measurement under the same conditions. The absorption spectra at room temperature for the spinach and water hyacinth chloroplasts are similar, which show that different plants can efficiently absorb light of same wavelength. The low temperature steady_state fluorescence spectroscopy for the water hyacinth chloroplast reveals a poor balance of photon quantum between two photosystems. The fluorescence decays in PSⅡ measured at the natural Q A state for the chloroplasts have been fitted by a three_exponential kinetic model. The slow lifetime fluorescence component is assigned to a collection of associated light harvesting Chl a/b proteins, the fast lifetime component to the reaction center of PSⅡ and the middle lifetime component to the delay fluorescence of recombination of P + 680 and Pheo -. The excited energy conversion efficiency (η) in PSⅡ RC is 87% and 91% respectively for the water hyacinth and spinach chloroplasts calculated on the 20 ps model. This interesting result is not consistent with what is assumed that the efficiency is 100% in PSⅡ RC. The results in this paper also present a support for the 20 ps electron transfer time constant in PSⅡ RC. On the viewpoint of excitation energy conversion efficiency, the growing rate for the water hyacinth plan is smaller than that for the spinach plant. But, authors' results show those plants can perform highly efficient transfer of photo_excitation energy from the light_harvesting pigment system to the reaction center (approximately 100%).

Influence of Ga^(3+) on Photoluminescence of Ce^(3+)

The electro optical characteristics of SrS∶Ce and SrGa 2S 4∶Ce as two kinds of hopeful blue TFEL phosphors have been intensively investigated. The color purity of SrGa 2S 4∶Ce is better than that of SrS∶Ce. In this paper, the influence of Ga 3+ on photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of Ce 3+ is first reported. Ga 2S 3 was doped into SrS, then sintered. The emission spectra shift obviously towards short wavelength range with increase of Ga 3+ concentration. At the same time, the relative intensity of the excitation peaks corresponding to the interband absorption of SrS reduces, and the excitation efficiency corresponding to the transition from the ground state to the excited state of Ce 3+ ion increases. The ligand field around Ce 3+ is changed by doped Ga 3+ . The ionicity of the substituted become stronger and Ce 3+ -Ce 3+ interaction become weaker. These are favorite to blue emission.