It is essential to assess the evolution of soil fabric as it has an important role in the mechanical responses of soils during complex loading conditions.This contribution carries out the physical experiments using th...It is essential to assess the evolution of soil fabric as it has an important role in the mechanical responses of soils during complex loading conditions.This contribution carries out the physical experiments using three granular materials in the laboratory.The variations of compression and shear wave velocities(Vp and Vs)are investigated during load-unload cycles under dry and drained conditions.Supplementary discrete element method(DEM)simulations are performed to understand the evolution of soil fabric during the equivalent load-unload cycles using spherical particles.Vp and Vs are not always reversible even though the stress state regains its isotropic condition after unload,indicating that Vp and Vs are governed by not only the stress state but also the fabric change.The variations of Vp/Vs are density-and stress-dependent;a higher level of stress ratio(s01/s03)threshold is observed for denser packings to trigger a significant change in wave velocity ratio(Vp/Vs)for experimental results using spherical glass beads and simulation data using spherical particles.Considering the particle shape,a higher s01/s03 threshold is found for more angular particles than rounded particles.The DEM result reveals that Vp/Vs of spherical particles can be correlated linearly with the evolution of fabric ratio(Fver/Fhor)during loadunload in a pre-peak range under dry and drained conditions.展开更多
为提高播种机的播种及镇压性能,解决播种作业中覆土后即时镇压的难题,结合橡胶类材料的变形理论与轮胎力学的研究基础,建立基于种沟沟型的理论模型,并设计出一种具有覆土功能的弹性镇压轮,镇压轮横截面由顶端连通的两个腔室组成,通过镇...为提高播种机的播种及镇压性能,解决播种作业中覆土后即时镇压的难题,结合橡胶类材料的变形理论与轮胎力学的研究基础,建立基于种沟沟型的理论模型,并设计出一种具有覆土功能的弹性镇压轮,镇压轮横截面由顶端连通的两个腔室组成,通过镇压轮侧缘与种沟接触产生的挤压力以同时实现覆土和镇压作业。利用ABAQUS软件对镇压轮进行有限元仿真分析,考察其覆土及镇压性能,通过有限元仿真分析证实该模型可行有效。通过与双圆盘覆土器和传统橡胶镇压轮的田间对比试验测得,该文所设计的弹性可覆土镇压轮作业后种子平均覆土深度为34 mm,变异系数为15.68%,镇压后种子上方距离地表5 cm的土壤紧实度为33.5 k Pa,变异系数为13.97%,应用双圆盘覆土器和传统橡胶镇压轮作业后种子平均覆土深度为35.3 mm,变异系数为17.51%,镇压后种子上方距离地表5 cm的土壤紧实度为26.5 k Pa,变异系数为15.32%,田间对比试验证实弹性可覆土镇压轮和双圆盘覆土器均可满足玉米播种作业对覆土深度的要求,但弹性可覆土镇压轮对土壤的镇压强度大于传统橡胶镇压轮,同时由覆土深度变异系数和镇压强度变异系数可以看出,弹性可覆土镇压轮在作业过程中的覆土深度稳定性和镇压强度稳定性均优于双圆盘覆土器和传统橡胶镇压轮。展开更多
文摘It is essential to assess the evolution of soil fabric as it has an important role in the mechanical responses of soils during complex loading conditions.This contribution carries out the physical experiments using three granular materials in the laboratory.The variations of compression and shear wave velocities(Vp and Vs)are investigated during load-unload cycles under dry and drained conditions.Supplementary discrete element method(DEM)simulations are performed to understand the evolution of soil fabric during the equivalent load-unload cycles using spherical particles.Vp and Vs are not always reversible even though the stress state regains its isotropic condition after unload,indicating that Vp and Vs are governed by not only the stress state but also the fabric change.The variations of Vp/Vs are density-and stress-dependent;a higher level of stress ratio(s01/s03)threshold is observed for denser packings to trigger a significant change in wave velocity ratio(Vp/Vs)for experimental results using spherical glass beads and simulation data using spherical particles.Considering the particle shape,a higher s01/s03 threshold is found for more angular particles than rounded particles.The DEM result reveals that Vp/Vs of spherical particles can be correlated linearly with the evolution of fabric ratio(Fver/Fhor)during loadunload in a pre-peak range under dry and drained conditions.
文摘为提高播种机的播种及镇压性能,解决播种作业中覆土后即时镇压的难题,结合橡胶类材料的变形理论与轮胎力学的研究基础,建立基于种沟沟型的理论模型,并设计出一种具有覆土功能的弹性镇压轮,镇压轮横截面由顶端连通的两个腔室组成,通过镇压轮侧缘与种沟接触产生的挤压力以同时实现覆土和镇压作业。利用ABAQUS软件对镇压轮进行有限元仿真分析,考察其覆土及镇压性能,通过有限元仿真分析证实该模型可行有效。通过与双圆盘覆土器和传统橡胶镇压轮的田间对比试验测得,该文所设计的弹性可覆土镇压轮作业后种子平均覆土深度为34 mm,变异系数为15.68%,镇压后种子上方距离地表5 cm的土壤紧实度为33.5 k Pa,变异系数为13.97%,应用双圆盘覆土器和传统橡胶镇压轮作业后种子平均覆土深度为35.3 mm,变异系数为17.51%,镇压后种子上方距离地表5 cm的土壤紧实度为26.5 k Pa,变异系数为15.32%,田间对比试验证实弹性可覆土镇压轮和双圆盘覆土器均可满足玉米播种作业对覆土深度的要求,但弹性可覆土镇压轮对土壤的镇压强度大于传统橡胶镇压轮,同时由覆土深度变异系数和镇压强度变异系数可以看出,弹性可覆土镇压轮在作业过程中的覆土深度稳定性和镇压强度稳定性均优于双圆盘覆土器和传统橡胶镇压轮。