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Oxygen-assisted zinc recovery from electric arc furnace dust using magnesium chloride
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作者 Jingdong Huang Xiao Yang 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第10期2300-2311,共12页
Electric arc furnace(EAF)dust is an important secondary resource containing metals,such as zinc(Zn)and iron(Fe).Recover-ing Zn from EAF dust can contribute to resource recycling and reduce environmental impacts.Howeve... Electric arc furnace(EAF)dust is an important secondary resource containing metals,such as zinc(Zn)and iron(Fe).Recover-ing Zn from EAF dust can contribute to resource recycling and reduce environmental impacts.However,the high chemical stability of ZnFe_(2)O_(4)in EAF dust poses challenges to Zn recovery.To address this issue,a facile approach that involves oxygen-assisted chlorination using molten MgCl_(2)is proposed.This work focused on elucidating the role of O2 in the reaction between ZnFe_(2)O_(4)and molten MgCl_(2).The results demonstrate that MgCl_(2)effectively broke down the ZnFe_(2)O_(4)structure,and the high O2 atmosphere considerably promoted the sep-aration of Zn from other components in the form of ZnCl_(2).The presence of O2 facilitated the formation of MgFe_(2)O_(4),which stabilized Fe and prevented its chlorination.Furthermore,the excessive use of MgCl_(2)resulted in increased evaporation loss,and high temperatures pro-moted the rapid separation of Zn.Building on these findings,we successfully extracted ZnCl_(2)-enriched volatiles from practical EAF dust through oxygen-assisted chlorination.Under optimized conditions,this method achieved exceptional Zn chlorination percentage of over 97%within a short period,while Fe chlorination remained below 1%.The resulting volatiles contained 85wt%of ZnCl_(2),which can be further processed to produce metallic Zn.The findings offer guidance for the selective recovery of valuable metals,particularly from solid wastes such as EAF dust. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace dust ZINC OXYGEN magnesium chloride CHLORINATION
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Zinc leaching from electric arc furnace dust in alkaline medium 被引量:2
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作者 李宏煦 王洋 苍大强 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2010年第5期967-971,共5页
Physical and chemical properties of electric arc furnace (EAF) dust from Tianjin seamless Pipe Company were measured and analyzed. The zinc leaching tests in alkaline medium were carried out under variation of leach... Physical and chemical properties of electric arc furnace (EAF) dust from Tianjin seamless Pipe Company were measured and analyzed. The zinc leaching tests in alkaline medium were carried out under variation of leaching agent concentration, leaching temperature, leaching cumulative time and solid-to-liquid ratio. The thermodynamics and kinetics of the zinc leaching process were also analyzed. The results show that the EAF dust contains 10% (mass fraction) zinc and the median particle size is 0.69 μm. The zinc recovery of 73.4% is obtained tinder the condition of 90 ℃, 6 mol/L NaOH, and 60 min leaching time. With the increase of concentration of NaOH and the cumulative time, zinc leaching will be significantly increased. The kinetics study demonstrates that the leaching reaction is chemically controlled and the reaction activation energy is 15.73 kJ/mol. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace (eaf dust zinc leaching HYDROMETALLURGY THERMODYNAMICS leaching kinetics RECYCLING
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Mass Balance Modeling for Electric Arc Furnace and Ladle Furnace System in Steelmaking Facility in Turkey 被引量:5
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作者 smail Ekmeki Ya ar Yetisken nal ■amdali 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2007年第5期1-6,55,共7页
In the electric arc furnace (EAF) steel production processes, scrap steel is principally used as a raw material instead of iron ore. In the steelmaking process with EAF, scrap is first melted in the furnace and then... In the electric arc furnace (EAF) steel production processes, scrap steel is principally used as a raw material instead of iron ore. In the steelmaking process with EAF, scrap is first melted in the furnace and then the desired chemical composition of the steel can be obtained in a special furnace such as ladle furnace (LF). This kind of furnace process is used for the secondary refining of alloy steel. LF furnace offers strong heating fluxes and enables precise temperature control, thereby allowing for the addition of desired amounts of various alloying elements. It also provides outstanding desulfurization at high-temperature treatment by reducing molten steel fluxes and removing deoxidation products. Elemental analysis with mass balance modeling is important to know the precise amount of required alloys for the LF input with respect to scrap composition. In present study, chemical reactions with mass conservation law in EAF and LF were modeled altogether as a whole system and chemical compositions of the final steel alloy output can be obtained precisely according to different scrap compositions, alloying elements ratios, and other input amounts. Besides, it was found that the mass efficiency for iron element in the system is 95.93%. These efficiencies are calculated for all input elements as 8. 45% for C, 30.31% for Si, 46.36% for Mn, 30.64% for P, 41.96% for S, and 69.79% for Cr, etc. These efficiencies provide valuable ideas about the amount of the input materials that are vanished or combusted for 100 kg of each of the input materials in the EAF and LF system. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace ladle furnace system modeling mass balance STEELMAKING liquid steel
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Fluid Flow Modeling of Arc Plasma and Bath Circulation in DC Electric Arc Furnace 被引量:5
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作者 WANG Feng-hua JIN Zhi-jian ZHU Zi-shu 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2006年第5期7-13,共7页
A mathematical model describing the flow field, heat transfer and the electromagnetic phenomenon in a DC electric arc furnace has been developed. First the governing equations in the arc plasma region are solved and t... A mathematical model describing the flow field, heat transfer and the electromagnetic phenomenon in a DC electric arc furnace has been developed. First the governing equations in the arc plasma region are solved and the calculated results of heat transfer, current density and shear stresses on the anode surface are used as boundary conditions in a model of molten bath. Then a two-dimensional time-dependent model is used to describe the flow field and electromagnetic phenomenon in the molten bath. Moreover, the effect of bottom electrode diameter on the circulation of molten bath is studied. 展开更多
关键词 DC electric arc furnace fluid flow heat transfer molten bath
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Extraction of Zinc from Electric Arc Furnace Dust by Alkaline Leaching Followed by Fusion of the Leaching Residue with Caustic Soda 被引量:6
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作者 赵由才 R.Stanforth 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2004年第2期174-178,共5页
Extractability of zinc from two types of electric arc furnace (EAF) dusts containing 24.8% and 16.8% of zinc respectively (denoted as Sample A and Sample B) were tested using direct alkaline leaching followed by fusio... Extractability of zinc from two types of electric arc furnace (EAF) dusts containing 24.8% and 16.8% of zinc respectively (denoted as Sample A and Sample B) were tested using direct alkaline leaching followed by fusion of the resulting leaching residues with caustic soda. The experimental results show that the extraction of zinc is heavily dependent on the contents of iron in the dusts. The higher iron content, the lower extraction of zinc is obtained. 53% and 38% of zinc can be extracted when both dusts were directly contacted with 5mol·L^-1 NaOH solution for 42h. The remaining zinc left in the leaching residues, which supposed to be present as zinc ferrites, can be further leached when the residues were fused with caustic soda. Quantitative extraction of zinc can be obtained from the leaching residue of Sample A while only 85% from Sample B. The extractability of zinc from dusts wit hvarious contents of iron is compared. The production flowsheet for zinc from the dusts using the process proposed is discussed. 展开更多
关键词 ZINC electric arc furnace dust alkaline leaching FUSION caustic soda
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Modeling of electrode system for three-phase electric arc furnace 被引量:5
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作者 王琰 毛志忠 +2 位作者 田惠欣 李妍 袁平 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2010年第3期560-565,共6页
To simulate the process of electrode operation, a dynamic model describing the electrode system of three-phase electric arc furnace was developed. This new model can be divided into three submodels in terms of the pra... To simulate the process of electrode operation, a dynamic model describing the electrode system of three-phase electric arc furnace was developed. This new model can be divided into three submodels in terms of the practical situation. They are the power supply system model the electric arc model and the hydraulic actuator system model. According to the basic circuit theory, the power supply system model where the high voltage transmission circuit and mutual inductances were considered, was set up. The electric arc model, which was novel for the electrode control, served as the electrical load and was connected to the power supply system model. The hydraulic actuator system model consists of the proportional valve part that is modeled to capture the dead-zone nonlinear characteristics and the hydraulic cylinder part where the impact of the load force is taken into account. By comparing simulation data and actual data, the results show that the electrode system model is proved to be accurate. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace electrode system model electric arc model SIMULATION
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Application of Extended Kalman Filter to the Modeling of Electric Arc Furnace for Power Quality Issues 被引量:1
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作者 金之俭 王丰华 朱子述 《Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science)》 EI 2007年第2期257-262,共6页
Electric arc furnaces(EAFs)represent one of the most disturbing loads in the subtransmission or transmission electric power systems.Therefore,it is necessary to build a practical model to descript the behavior of EAF ... Electric arc furnaces(EAFs)represent one of the most disturbing loads in the subtransmission or transmission electric power systems.Therefore,it is necessary to build a practical model to descript the behavior of EAF in the simulation of power system for power quality issues.This paper deals with the modeling of EAF based on the combination of extended Kalman filter to identify the parameter of arc current and the power balance equation to obtain the dynamic,multi-valued u-i characteristics of EAF load.The whole EAF systems are simulated by means of power system blockset in Matlab to validate the proposed EAF model.This model can also be used to assess the impact of the new plant or highly varying nonlinear loads that exhibit chaos in power systems. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace(eaf extended Kalman filter power quality CHAOS
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3D Numerical Analysis of the Arc Plasma Behavior in a Submerged DC Electric Arc Furnace for the Production of Fused MgO 被引量:2
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作者 王振 王宁会 +1 位作者 李铁 曹勇 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2012年第4期321-326,共6页
A three dimensional steady-state magnetohydrodynamic model is developed for the arc plasma in a DC submerged electric arc furnace for the production of fused MgO. The arc is generated in a small semi-enclosed space fo... A three dimensional steady-state magnetohydrodynamic model is developed for the arc plasma in a DC submerged electric arc furnace for the production of fused MgO. The arc is generated in a small semi-enclosed space formed by the graphite electrode, the molten bath and unmelted raw materials. The model is first used to solve a similar problem in a steel making furnace, and the calculated results are found to be in good agreement with the published measurements. The behavior of arcs with different arc lengths is also studied in the furnace for MgO production. From the distribution of the arc pressure on the bath surface it is shown that the arc plasma impingement is large enough to cause a crater-like depression on the surface of the MgO bath. The circulation of the high temperature air under the electrode may enhance the arc efficiency, especially for a shorter arc. 展开更多
关键词 numerical simulation DC electric arc furnace arc plasma temperature field flow field
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Metal-doped(Cu,Zn)Fe2O4 from integral utilization of toxic Zn-containing electric arc furnace dust: An environment-friendly heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst 被引量:3
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作者 Jun-wu Li Xing Han +3 位作者 Rong-xia Chai Fang-qin Cheng Mei Zhang Min Guo 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2020年第7期996-1006,共11页
Pure metal-doped(Cu,Zn)Fe2O4 was synthesized from Zn-containing electric arc furnace dust(EAFD)by solid-state reaction using copper salt as additive.The effects of pretreated EAFD-to-Cu2(OH)2CO3·6H2O mass ratio,c... Pure metal-doped(Cu,Zn)Fe2O4 was synthesized from Zn-containing electric arc furnace dust(EAFD)by solid-state reaction using copper salt as additive.The effects of pretreated EAFD-to-Cu2(OH)2CO3·6H2O mass ratio,calcination time,and calcination temperature on the structure and catalytic ability were systematically studied.Under the optimum conditions,the decolorization efficiency and total organic carbon(TOC)removal efficiency of the as-prepared ferrite for treating a Rhodamine B solution were approximately 90.0%and 45.0%,respectively,and the decolorization efficiency remained 83.0%after five recycles,suggesting that the as-prepared(Cu,Zn)Fe2O4 was an efficient heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst with high stability.The high catalytic activity mainly depended on the synergistic effect of iron and copper ions occupying octahedral positions.More importantly,the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure(TCLP)analysis illustrated that the toxic Zncontaining EAFD was transformed into harmless(Cu,Zn)Fe2O4 and that the concentrations of toxic ions in the degraded solution were all lower than the national emission standard(GB/31574-2015),further confirming that the as obtained sample is an environment-friendly heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst. 展开更多
关键词 Zn-containing electric arc furnace dust metal-doped Cu−Zn ferrite heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst environmental effect
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A novel hydrothermal method for zinc extraction and separation from zinc ferrite and electric arc furnace dust 被引量:5
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作者 Hui-gang Wang Yang Li +2 位作者 Jian-ming Gao Mei Zhang Min Guo 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第2期146-155,共10页
A novel hydrothermal process was developed to extract zinc from pure zinc ferrite(ZnFe2O4) nanopowder and zinc-containing electric arc furnace(EAF) dust using hexahydrated ferric chloride(FeCl3-6H2O) as a decomp... A novel hydrothermal process was developed to extract zinc from pure zinc ferrite(ZnFe2O4) nanopowder and zinc-containing electric arc furnace(EAF) dust using hexahydrated ferric chloride(FeCl3-6H2O) as a decomposing agent.The effects of solid FeCl3-6H2O to ZnFe2O4 ratio by mass(RF/Z),hydrothermal reaction temperature,and time on zinc extraction were systematically investigated.In the results,when the hydrothermal reaction is conducted at 150℃ for 2 h with RF/Z of 15:20,the efficiency of zinc extraction from ZnFe2O4 reaches97.2%,and the concentration of ferric ions(Fe^3+) in the leaching solution is nearly zero,indicating a high selectivity for zinc.In addition,the zinc extraction efficiency from the EAF dust reaches 94.5%in the case of the hydrothermal reaction performed at 200℃ for 10 h with the solid FeCl3-6H2O to EAF dust ratio by mass(RF/EAF dust) of 15:10.Zinc and iron separation is achieved by adjusting the pH value of the leaching solution according to the different precipitation pH values of metal hydroxides. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnaces dust zinc extraction separation hydrothermal process
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Recovery of zinc from electric arc furnace dust by alkaline pressure leaching using iron as a reductant 被引量:2
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作者 ZHANG Du-chao LIU Ruo-lin +3 位作者 WANG Hao LIU Wei-feng YANG Tian-zu CHEN Lin 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2021年第9期2701-2710,共10页
To recover zinc from electric arc furnace(EAF)dust,a process of primary normal pressure leaching and secondary alkaline pressure leaching is proposed.First,under the alkaline pressure leaching system,the experiment of... To recover zinc from electric arc furnace(EAF)dust,a process of primary normal pressure leaching and secondary alkaline pressure leaching is proposed.First,under the alkaline pressure leaching system,the experiment of pure zinc ferrite being reduced by iron powder was carried out.Under the optimal reduction conditions(i.e.,temperature of 260℃,NaOH concentration of 6 mol/L,liquid-to-solid ratio of 50 mL/g,and a 5-fold excess of iron powder),89%of zinc was extracted.The iron in the reduced residue exists as a magnetite phase.Subsequently,the normal pressure leaching experiment was carried out with EAF dust as raw material,and 66%zinc was leached.The main phase of zinc in normal leaching residue was determined to be zinc ferrite.Then,the normal leaching residue was reduced by iron powder under the alkaline pressure leaching system,and 66.5%of zinc was extracted.After the two-stage leaching process,the leaching rate of zinc in EAF dust can achieve 88.7%.The alkaline pressure leaching solution can be returned as the normal pressure leaching solution,and the magnetite in the alkaline pressure leaching residue can be recovered by magnetic separation. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace dust normal leaching pressure leaching iron powder
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Heat Transfer Analysis for Industrial AC Electric Arc Furnace 被引量:1
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作者 ünal amdali Murat Tun 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2005年第4期9-16,共8页
The heat transfer analysis was performed for an AC electric arc furnace (EAF). Heat losses by conduction, convection and radiation from outer surface, roof, bottom and electrodes of EAF were determined in detail. Some... The heat transfer analysis was performed for an AC electric arc furnace (EAF). Heat losses by conduction, convection and radiation from outer surface, roof, bottom and electrodes of EAF were determined in detail. Some suggestions about decreasing heat losses were presented. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace (eaf) heat analysis industrial furnace
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Computer Aided Mass Balance Analysis for AC Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking 被引量:1
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作者 anal amdali Murat Tun 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2005年第3期11-13,共3页
A mass balance analysis was undertaken for liquid steel production using a computer program specially developed for the AC electric arc furnace at an important alloy steel producer in Turkey. The data obtained by usin... A mass balance analysis was undertaken for liquid steel production using a computer program specially developed for the AC electric arc furnace at an important alloy steel producer in Turkey. The data obtained by using the computer program were found to be very close to the actual production ones. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace liquid steel mass balance analysis
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Mathematical model on heat transfer of water-cooling steel-stick bottom electrode of DC electric arc furnace 被引量:1
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作者 HaiXu XiaoLiu 《Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing》 CSCD 2002年第5期338-342,共5页
For predicting and controlling the melted depth of bottomelectrode during the process of steelmaking, the water-cooling steel-stick electrode is taken as an example, to analyze the process ofheat transfer, then 3D mat... For predicting and controlling the melted depth of bottomelectrode during the process of steelmaking, the water-cooling steel-stick electrode is taken as an example, to analyze the process ofheat transfer, then 3D mathematical model by control capacity methodis built. At the same time, the measurement on the melted depth ofbottom electrode is conducted which verified the correctness of thebuilt mathematical model. On the base of verification, all kinds ofkey parameters are calculated through the application and a series ofresults are simulated. Finally, the optimum parameters are found andthe service life of bottom electrode is prolonged. 展开更多
关键词 DC electric arc furnace water-cooling steel-stick electrode MATHEMATICALMODEL heat transfer
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Modelling and Artificial Intelligence-Based Control of Electrode System for an Electric Arc Furnace 被引量:1
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作者 Mahmood Moghadasian Emad Alenasser 《Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications》 2011年第2期47-55,共9页
This paper presents a new application of a genetic-fuzzy control system which controls the input energy to a three phase electric arc furnace. Graphite electrodes are used to convert electrical energy into heat via ph... This paper presents a new application of a genetic-fuzzy control system which controls the input energy to a three phase electric arc furnace. Graphite electrodes are used to convert electrical energy into heat via phase electric arcs. Con-stant arc length is desirable as it implies steady energy transfer from the graphite electrodes to the metallic charge in the furnace bath. With the charge level constantly changing, the electrodes must be able to adjust for the arc length to remain constant. A fuzzy PI controller tuned with genetic algorithms has been developed to be responsible for the ver-tical adjustment of the electrode tip displacement according to specified set-points to ensure that the arc lengths remain as constant as possible. The simulation results show that the system performances are satisfactory using the proposed method. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace electrODE PI CONTROLLER Fuzzy LOGIC GENETIC Algorithm
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Development and Application of Castables for Ladle Nozzle of Electric Arc Furnace
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作者 YANGDing′ao MAOChao 《China's Refractories》 CAS 2002年第3期28-30,共3页
The castables for ladle nozzle were developed using brown corundum as the main raw material and the right amounts of complex additives . The influence of several additives on the properties such as strength and perman... The castables for ladle nozzle were developed using brown corundum as the main raw material and the right amounts of complex additives . The influence of several additives on the properties such as strength and permanent linear change of the samples was studied . The results showed that applying complex additives improved the strength and the volume stability of the castables greatly. The campaign of the castables for ladle nozzle has increased from about 40 heats to 70 heats. 展开更多
关键词 Refractory castable electric arc furnace Ladle nozzle APPLICATION
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A Practical Electric Arc Furnace Model for Computer Simulation
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作者 Lixia Zhang Wei Kang Xiaoping Zhang 《Energy and Power Engineering》 2017年第4期445-451,共7页
A practical model of electric arc furnace can help design filters to delay the use life of power line electro-insulating material. This paper proposed a practical simulation model of electric arc furnace. The model is... A practical model of electric arc furnace can help design filters to delay the use life of power line electro-insulating material. This paper proposed a practical simulation model of electric arc furnace. The model is built based on its real output characteristic. It can out put a distort current composed up of n harmonics and non-integer harmonics which re-appear the arc’s cutting off and short circuit phenomenon in melting stage. The current can be set to extrude unbalanced current, interrupted current and half wave imbalance current of each phase. It can also simulate the voltage distortion and flicker effect to other loads. A flicker measure plat is carried out and the model proved to be feasible and realizable. It can realize electric arc furnace output characteristic and is easier to be connected to the power system. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace electrical APPLIANCE electro-Insulating Material INSULATION
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Electromagnetism and the Arc Efficiency of Electric Arc Steel Melting Furnaces
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作者 A. N. Makarov V. V. Rybakova M. K. Galicheva 《Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications》 2014年第7期184-192,共9页
Results of analytically studied effect of electromagnetic blowing and the slag height on the arc efficiency are stated. An arc is blown from under an electrode toward the furnace walls under an electromagnetic force, ... Results of analytically studied effect of electromagnetic blowing and the slag height on the arc efficiency are stated. An arc is blown from under an electrode toward the furnace walls under an electromagnetic force, arc radiation on the wall and roof increase and effective output, absorbed by the metal decreases. EAF (electric arc steel melting furnace) with independently powered arcs, eliminating its electromagnetic blowing is proposed. When arcs are powered independently, its efficiency increases significantly, and specific energy consumption decreases. 展开更多
关键词 electrOMAGNETIC FORCES arc HEAT EXCHANGE electric furnace
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High Alumina Refractory Bricks for Electric Arc Furnace Roofs
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作者 Wang Jing 《China's Refractories》 CAS 2007年第3期31-32,共2页
This standard specifies the sort, technical requirement, test method, inspection rules, marking, packing, transportation, storage and quality certification of high alumina refractory bricks for electric arc furnace ro... This standard specifies the sort, technical requirement, test method, inspection rules, marking, packing, transportation, storage and quality certification of high alumina refractory bricks for electric arc furnace roofs. 展开更多
关键词 arc High Alumina Refractory Bricks for electric arc furnace Roofs HIGH DBL
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Theory and Practice of Heat Transfer in Electric Arc and Flare Furnaces and Power Plants
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作者 Anatoliy Nikolaevich Makarov 《World Journal of Engineering and Technology》 2020年第4期739-755,共17页
The author describes the fundamental laws of physics, the laws of thermal radiation of ionized and non-ionized gas volumes. Based on open laws, a modern theory of heat transfer and methods for calculating heat transfe... The author describes the fundamental laws of physics, the laws of thermal radiation of ionized and non-ionized gas volumes. Based on open laws, a modern theory of heat transfer and methods for calculating heat transfer in electric arc and flare metallurgical furnaces, furnaces of steam boilers, and combustion chambers of gas turbine plants of power plants have been developed. The use of scientific discovery makes it possible to create innovative electric arc steel-smelting furnaces, flare heating furnaces, and combustion chambers in which the consumption of electricity and fuel is reduced, productivity and service life are increased, and the amount of harmful emissions into the environment is reduced. 展开更多
关键词 Heat Transfer Thermal Radiation electric arc TORCH furnaces Fire Cham-bers Combustion Chambers
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