Controller Design for Electric Power Steering System Using T-S Fuzzy Model Approach

Pressure ripples in electric power steering （EPS） systems can be caused by the phase lag between the driver s steering torque and steer angle, the nonlinear frictions, and the disturbances from road and sensor noise especially during high-frequency maneuvers. This paper investigates the use of the robust fuzzy control method for actively reducing pressure ripples for EPS systems. Remarkable progress on steering maneuverability is achieved. The EPS dynamics is described with an eight-order nonlinear state-space model and approximated by a Takagi-Sugeno （T-S） fuzzy model with time-varying delays and external disturbances. A stabilization approach is then presented for nonlinear time-delay systems through fuzzy state feedback controller in parallel distributed compensation （PDC） structure. The closed-loop stability conditions of EPS system with the fuzzy controller are parameterized in terms of the linear matrix inequality （LMI） problem. Simulations and experiments using the proposed robust fuzzy controller and traditional PID controller have been carried out for EPS systems. Both the simulation and experiment results show that the proposed fuzzy controller can reduce the torque ripples and allow us to have a good steering feeling and stable driving.

H∞ control of novel active steering integrated with electric power steering function

Based on the traditional active steering system, a novel active steering system integrated with electric power steering function was introduced, which can achieve the functions of both active steering and electric power steering. In view of the interference from road random signal and sensor noise in the novel active steering system, the H∞ control model of the novel active steering system was built. With satisfying steering feel, good robust performance and steering stability being the control objectives, the H∞ controller for the novel active front steering (AFS) system was designed. The simulation results show that the novel AFS system with H∞ control strategy can attenuate the road interference quickly, and there is no resonance peak in the bode diagram. It can make the driver obtain more useful information in the low frequency range, and attenuate the road interference better in the high frequency range, thus the driver can get more satisfying road feeling. Therefore, the designed H∞ controller can synthesize the advantages of both robust performance and robust stability, and has certain contribution to the design of novel AFS system.

Precise Compound Control of Loading Force for Electric Load Simulator of Electric Power Steering Test Bench

Electric load simulator(ELS) systems are employed for electric power steering(EPS) test benches to load rack force by precise control. Precise ELS control is strongly influenced by nonlinear factors. When the steering motor rapidly rotates, extra force is directly superimposed on the original static loading error, which becomes one of the main sources of the final error. It is key to achieve ELS precise loading control for the entire EPS test bench. Therefore, a three-part compound control algorithm is proposed to improve the loading accuracy. First, a fuzzy proportional–integral plus feedforward controller with force feedback is presented. Second, a friction compensation algorithm is established to reduce the influence of friction. Then, the relationships between each quantity and the extra force are analyzed when the steering motor rapidly rotates, and a net torque feedforward compensation algorithm is proposed to eliminate the extra force. The compound control algorithm was verified through simulations and experiments. The results show that the tracking performance of the compound control algorithm satisfies the demands of engineering practice, and the extra force in the ELS system can be suppressed by the net torque corresponding to the actuator’s acceleration.

Tracking Performance of Electric Power Steering System Based on the Mixed H_2/H_∞ Strategy

The tracking performance of motor current is an important factor that affects the assistance torque of electric power steering （EPS） system. Bad tracking performance will cause assistant torque delay, and make road feeling bad, and is influenced by the input steering torque and system measuring noise. However the existing methods have some shortages on system＇s robust dynamic performance and robust stability. The mixed H2/H∞ strategy for recirculating ball-type EPS system in a pure electric bus is proposed, and vehicle dynamic model of the system is established. Due to the existence of system model uncertainty, disturbance signals, sensor noises and the demand of system dynamic performance, the indexes of robust performance and road feeling for drivers are defined as the appraisal control objectives. The H∞ method is introduced to design the H∞ controller, and the H2 method is applied to optimize the H∞ controller, thus the mixed H2/H∞ controller is designed. The response of EPS system to the motor current command with amplitude of 20 A, the road disturbance with amplitude of 500 N and the sensor random noise with the amplitude of 1 A is simulated. The simulation results show that the recirculating ball-type EPS system with the mixed H2/H∞ controller can attenuate the random noises and disturbances and track the boost curve well, so the mixed H2/H∞ controller can improve the system＇s robust performance and dynamic performance. For the purpose of verifying the performance of the designed control strategy, the motor current tracking performance ground tests are conducted with step response input of the steering wheel, double-lane steering test and lemniscate steering test, respectively. The tests show that the mixed H2/H∞ controller for the recirculating ball-type EPS system of pure electric bus is feasible. The designed controller can solve the robust performance and robust stability of the system, thus improve the tracking performance of the EPS system and provide satisfied road feeling for the drivers.

Model development and parameter investigation of a column-type electric power steering system

In this paper, the performance of a column-type electric power steering （EPS） system and vehicle has been studied and a detailed mathematical model for the system has been established. Based on the mathematic model of the optimization design for steering feel, the parameters of the EPS system and vehicle on steering performance have been investigated. Moreover, the effects of the parameters on system stability have been analyzed and compared by the method of absolute sensitivity and the results are given in the end.

Electrical power assisted steering for EVs and HEVs

Electrical power assisted steering (EPAS) is one of the key components, especially for electrical vehicle. It has attracted much attention for their advantages with respect to improved fuel economy and has been widely adopted as automotive power-steering equipment in recent years. EPS (electrical power steering) controllers contain MCU (microprocessor control unit) to implement the complex control algorithms. EPS control strategy development is the core technology of the whole system. To achieve the better performance of driving, both mechanical structures and electrical structures are totally designed as a whole. Model-based development is recommended to software design. There are several trends about EPS’ future, such as high power EPS development, high voltage EPS development and steering-by-wire technology.

基于功能安全的汽车EPS系统安全冗余研究

电动助力转向(electric power steering,EPS)系统是车辆常用的转向执行器,其失效将严重影响驾乘人员的安全。为提高EPS系统的安全性与可靠性,基于功能安全标准建立EPS系统安全冗余机制:基于ISO26262对EPS系统进行研究,通过相关项定义、危害分析与风险评估(HARA),得到系统的功能安全目标与需求,并对其进行分配;设计EPS系统架构、容错机制,以提高系统的安全性;最后,对所设计的安全冗余机制进行台架试验。结果表明,在单侧桥驱芯片故障、单侧电机位置传感器故障、双侧电机位置传感器故障等故障注入的情况下,系统能够实现预期响应,满足功能安全目标,验证了所设计安全冗余机制的有效性。

含特殊转向工况的汽车EPS电动机控制策略

电动助力转向(EPS)电动机的控制是EPS系统设计的关键之一。建立了汽车三自由度转向模型和EPS系统动力学模型,设计了EPS助力特性和包含回正过程补偿、紧急避让过程补偿、满载大角度转弯补偿等特殊转向工况的电动机控制策略,利用Matlab/Simulink进行了仿真,与不包含特殊工况补偿的情况进行了性能比较及分析。仿真结果表明,含特殊转向工况的汽车EPS电动机控制策略具有更好的操纵性能和安全性能。这对指导EPS电动机控制策略的开发、功能的增强和优化以及转向操纵安全的提高都具有重要的工程应用意义。

基于遗传算法的EPS系统参数优化

根据纯电动大客车电动助力转向(EPS)系统工作的具体要求,开发了适合纯电动大客车EPS系统使用的循环球式电动助力转向器,建立了纯电动大客车循环球式EPS系统动力学模型及整车二自由度转向模型。在此基础上提出了系统转向路感、转向灵敏度以及转向操稳性的概念,并根据多元函数有约束优化问题的特点应用遗传算法对系统参数进行了优化设计。仿真结果表明:基于遗传算法优化的系统参数提高了系统的转向路感和转向操稳性。

低附着路面条件的EPS控制策略

低附着路面上,车辆自回正力矩显著降低,传统电动助力转向控制策略不能很好地克服这一不利影响,导致车辆回正性能降低,路感丧失甚至带来驾驶员对车辆的误操纵,或导致车辆不能及时回正;在建立基于整车动力学的电动助力转向系统模型的基础上,经电动机电流和转矩传感器测得转矩值,拟合得到当前路面条件下的自回正力矩,同时通过转向盘转角信息计算理想路面条件下的名义自回正力矩,结合路面估计算法,将被识别的路面附着系数等级分为高、中、低,设计基于路面附着系数的助力电流控制策略和基于时变滑模变结构控制的回正控制策略,仿真结果表明可有效改善车辆在低附着路面上的操纵路感和回正性能。建立基于LabVIEW PXI的电动助力转向(Electric power steering,EPS)硬件在环试验平台,并对控制策略进行试验验证,试验结果和仿真结果基本一致。

自适应模糊神经网络在EPS中的应用

文章介绍了汽车电动助力转向系统(EPS)的组成及工作原理;为解决汽车EPS系统非线性问题,将模糊逻辑与神经网络相结合,采用了基于T-S(Takagi-Sugeno)模型的自适应神经网络模糊推理系统(ANFIS)控制策略;仿真试验验证了系统模型和控制理论的有效性和正确性。

商用车EPS助力控制策略的研究

为某商用车转向系统设计了电动助力转向系统(EPS)的总体布置和曲线型助力特性,并基于模糊PID控制方法设计了助力控制策略。以车辆动力学仿真软件TruckSim和Matlab/Simulink为平台,在整车动力学模型和EPS控制模型的基础上,建立了装备EPS商用车的联合仿真模型,以研究助力控制策略对EPS性能和整车操纵稳定性的影响。结果表明:与PID控制方法相比,采用模糊PID控制器的助力控制策略更能充分实现EPS的功能和改善商用车的操纵稳定性。

基于转向轻便性及回正性能设计的EPS应用

在建立电动助力转向系统(Electric power steering system,EPS)数学模型的基础上,将方向盘转矩传感器测得的转矩信号和估算的转向盘转角值相结合以判断转向的状态,然后运用模糊比例微分(Proportion derivative,PD)控制进行常规助力控制或回正控制。仿真结果表明,原地和低速条件下转向盘操纵转矩明显降低,车辆回正性能显著提高。并通过相关的软、硬件设计实现所设计的控制策略。为检验控制策略合理性和控制软件可行性以及自主设计控制单元(Electronic control unit,ECU)的可靠性,参照相关国家标准,进行无助力、自主研发的EPS实车对比试验,试验结果与仿真结果相吻合。

循环球式EPS系统助力特性控制策略研究

研究电动大客车电动助力转向(EPS)系统助力特性控制策略.采用优化设计方法,开发了适合纯电动大客车EPS系统使用的循环球式电动助力转向器,并建立了其动力学模型;针对EPS系统对系统鲁棒稳定性和动态特性的要求,提出了"上层混合H2/H∞电流决策控制+下层模糊PID电流跟踪控制"的两层助力特性控制策略.仿真结果表明:应用上层混合H2/H∞电流决策控制,EPS系统可有效获得来自路面的低频信息并抑制路面高频干扰,使驾驶员获得满意的路感;应用下层模糊PID电流跟踪控制,EPS系统具有较好的动态特性,能够对目标电流进行准确跟踪,使驾驶员获得理想的助力特性.

基于LPV/H_∞控制的EPS系统及其硬件在环研究

建立了电动助力转向(EPS)系统和二自由度车辆的线性变参数(LPV)模型,设计了LPV/H∞鲁棒控制器,重点考虑了EPS系统本身参数摄动对其性能的影响;基于MATLAB对所采用的控制方法进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,LPV/H∞控制方法比一般的H∞方法具有更好的鲁棒性,可使转向系统的助力性能和路感得到提高,车辆的转向操纵稳定性也得到明显改善;基于LabVIEW PXI系统建立了EPS系统硬件在环试验台,在硬件在环试验台上,采用共轭梯度法实现了LPV/H∞控制方法的硬件在环试验,试验结果同样证明了所采用的控制算法的有效性。

旋转变压器位置检测在EPS中的应用

对角度传感器——旋转变压器的原理以及其数字化检测做了详细的介绍,系统地阐述了旋转变压器角位置检测的几种常用的方法,并从中选出一种方法应用到电动助力转向系统当中。简述了旋转变压器数字变换器(RDC)集成电路AD2S83及它们在电动助力转向系统中的应用,达到了该系统对角度测量±1.2°的精度要求。

主动转向干预时EPS助力修正控制策略与评价

针对主动转向干预时转向盘力矩发生突变的问题,提出了助力电机前馈助力修正策略。为验证所提出的两种助力修正方案的控制效果,进行了主动转向干预时转向盘力矩阶跃仿真试验。借鉴阶跃响应瞬态特性的评价方法,提出了主动转向干预时助力修正方案的评价指标。两种助力修正控制方案的仿真和评价分析结果表明,与基于二自由度整车模型修正方案相比,基于扭矩传感器输出修正方案的助力修正控制能更好地满足转向路感的要求。

基于模糊控制的EPS车辆操稳性仿真与台架试验

电动助力转向系统(EPS)直接影响到汽车的操纵稳定性。建立了汽车二自由度动力学模型和EPS模型,包括转向盘和转向柱输入轴子模型、电动机模型、输出轴子模型和齿条子模型,设计了EPS模糊控制系统结构及其控制策略。模糊控制器依据汽车行驶速度、转向盘操纵转矩与理想操纵转矩之差及其变化率得到助力转矩。进行了转向盘转角角阶越输入仿真计算和EPS台架试验验证,经过模糊控制的EPS车辆最大操纵转矩下降了42.74%,提高了车辆转弯时的操纵轻便性,结果证明了模型的正确性和控制策略的有效性。

基于免疫模糊PID的EPS控制仿真研究

研究提高汽车电动助力转向系统(EPS)的助力转向性能和轻便性的优化控制问题。传统PID控制参数优化前,需专家知识经验,且响应能力和跟随性能较差,影响EPS控制性能。为了提高EPS助力转向性能和轻便性,提出了采用免疫反馈控制和模糊控制相结合的免疫模糊PID控制EPS转向柱转角的策略。首先,在EPS数学模型的基础上,建立输入为转向盘转角、输出为转向柱转角的EPS系统助力特性模型,并设计了免疫模糊PID控制器。其次,根据稳定性试验的相关标准,选取不同的转向工况,在Matlab中进行EPS控制仿真,并与常规PID控制的EPS进行比较,通过加入干扰验证改进算法的鲁棒性。结果表明改进算法能有效地提高EPS系统的快速响应能力和跟随性能,改善转向系统的助力转向性能。

耦合神经网络轮胎模型EPS自适应控制

建立了基于神经网络的轮胎模型。同时在EPS工况分类的基础上建立了工况推理准则,满足准确的判断要求,进而根据EPS所处的不同工况更改模糊PID的模糊规则,实现了多种助力特性的自适应切换。建立了整车多体动力学模型,进行了蛇形道路下的SIMPACK/Matlab联合仿真,并与基于dSPACE平台的实车试验进行对比分析。结果表明,基于该模型设计的控制策略可以有效降低驾驶员的操纵转矩和提高车辆的回正性能。