Volume conduction energy transfer for implantable devices

A common model of power supply for implantable devices was established to study factors affecting volume conduction energy transfer. Electromagnetic and equivalent circuit models were constructed to study the effect of separation between the source electrode pairs on volume conduction energy transfer. In addition, the parameters of external signal including waveform, amplitude and frequency were analyzed. As the current amplitude did not lead to tissue injury and the current frequency did not cause nerve excitability, the recommended separation be- tween the source electrodes was 3 cm, the proposed waveform of signal source was sinusoidal wave and the opti- mal frequency was 200 KHz. In agar experiment and swine skin experiment, the current transfer efficiencies were 28.13% and 20.65%, respectively, and the energy transfer efficiencies were 9.86% and 6.90%, respectively. In conclusion, we can achieve optimal efficiency of energy transfer by appropriately setting the separation between the source electrode parameters of the signal source.

Traction power substation balance and losses estimation in AC railways using a power transfer device through Monte Carlo analysis

The high dynamic power requirements present in modern railway transportation systems raise research challenges for an optimal operation of railway electrification. This paper presents a Monte Carlo analysis on the application of a power transfer device installed in the neutral zone and exchanging active power between two sections. The main analyzed parameters are the active power balance in the two neighbor traction power substations and the system power losses. A simulation framework is presented to comprise the desired analysis and a universe of randomly distributed scenarios are tested to evaluate the effectiveness of the power transfer device system. The results show that the density of trains and the relative branch length of a traction power substation should be considered in the evaluation phase of the best place to install a power transfer device, towards the reduction of the operational power losses, while maintaining the two substations balanced in terms of active power.

On the Optimal Modes of Controlled Transfer of Walking Propulsion Devices

The problem of walking machine leg transfer is considered.Optimal laws of transfer are determined with regard to geometrical features ofgroundand underwater.Complex optimality criterion is introduced as the sum of indexes of quality of the movement multiplied each by weight coefficients.The solution is provided based on the walking machine“Ortonog.”

Heat Transfer and Energy Utilization of Waste Heat Recovery Device with Different Internal Component

Steel industry is high energy-consuming industry, and its waste?heat recovery is critically?important for energy utilization. In this study, pipeline bundle is used to enhance heat transfer in?waste?heat recovery device,?and?associated gas-solid heat transfer and energy utilization performance with different pipeline arrangement, pipe diameter and shape of internal component are further analyzed. The temperatures of gas and particle in device with pipeline bundle periodically fluctuate in horizontal direction, and those in staggered system distribute more uniformly than those in paralleled system. Compared with paralleled device, exergy and waste heat utilization efficiency of staggered device have been improved, and they are both higher than?those without pipeline. As pipe diameter increases, exergy and waste heat utilization efficiency first increases and then decreases, and they reach the maxima with optimal pipe diameter.?As the width of internal component keeps constant, influence of its shape on heat transfer is very little.

Methods for Increasing the Efficiency of Cleaning the Transfer Device

The article improves the quality of raw cotton by creating a new transfer device structure for the transportation of cotton in long-distance riots, located in the main building of the ginnery. Both foreign and domestic separator cleaners have been studied. Experiments were carried out on prototype transfer device and the results were obtained. The cleaning efficiency was determined by sampling the cotton entering the separator in the moving device and exiting after the inclined vibrating mesh surface installed after the separator.

Testing Thermal Properties of Cooling Device with Heat Pipes to Improve His Heat Transfer Ability

This paper deals about testing thermal properties of the cooling device with heat pipes at inclination position, in consequence of using the natural convection to improve heat transfer properties. Head point testing of cooling device is monitoring temperature on the aluminium block of energy converter, heat pipes and ribs under temperature condition 30 ℃ in thermostatic chamber. Testing of the device was performed at tilt angles positions 0, 10 and 20° from the vertical level. The heat flux loaded to energy converter was 450 W. The next goal of the paper is to research on influence working position of the wick heat pipe on their thermal performance. In this research heat pipes were made with capillary structure sintered from copper powder granularity 100, 63 and 50 μm filled with water and ethanol. Next heat pipe thermal performance was performed by measuring heat source and working positions. Knowledge of these two research goals can bring potential improvements in purpose of cooling device for effective heat sink from high power electronic components.

Electrical bistable devices using composites of zinc sulfide nanoparticles and poly-(N-vinylcarbazole)

N-dodecanethiol capped zinc sulfide（Zn S） nanocrystals were synthesized by the one-pot approach and blended with poly（N-vinylcarbazole）（PVK） to fabricate electrical bistable devices. The corresponding devices did exhibit electrical bistability and negative differential resistance（NDR） effects. A large ON/OFF current ratio of 104 at negative voltages was obtained by applying different amplitudes of sweeping voltage. The observed conductance switching and the negative differential resistance are attributed to the electric-field-induced charge transfer between the nanocrystals and the polymer,and the charge trapping/detrapping in the nanocrystals.

Cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in“hostile”environments:Using automated compression devices to minimize the rescuers’danger

Mechanical automated compression devices are being used in cardiopulmonary resuscitation instead of manual,“hands-on”,rescuer-delivered chest compressions.The-theoretical-advantages include high-quality non-stop compressions,thus freeing the rescuer performing the compressions and additionally the ability of the rescuer to stand reasonably away from a potentially“hazardous”victim,or from hazardous and/or difficult resuscitation conditions.Such circumstances involve cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)in the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory,especially directly under the fluoroscopy panel,where radiation is well known to cause detrimental effects to the rescuer,and CPR during/after land or air transportation of cardiac arrest victims.Lastly,CPR in a coronavirus disease 2019 patient/ward,where the danger of contamination and further serious illness of the health provider is very existent.The scope of this review is to review and present literature and current guidelines regarding the use of mechanical compressions in these“hostile”and dangerous settings,while comparing them to manual compressions.

Domain adaptive methods for device diversity in indoor localization

To solve the problem of variations in radio frequency characteristics among different devices,transfer learning is applied to transform device diversity to domain adaptation in the indoor localization algorithm.A robust indoor localization algorithm based on the aligned fingerprints and ensemble learning called correlation alignment for localization(CALoc)is proposed with low computational complexity.The second-order statistical properties of fingerprints in the offline and online phase are needed to be aligned.The real-time online calibration method mitigates the impact of device heterogeneity largely.Without any time-consuming deep learning retraining process,CALoc online only needs 0.11 s.The effectiveness and efficiency of CALoc are verified by realistic experiments.The results show that compared to the traditional algorithms,a significant performance gain is achieved and that it achieves better positioning accuracy with a 19%improvement.

MODELS AND MECHANISM OF OPTO-ELECTRONIC MOLECULAR DEVICES

Opto-electronic molecular devices could be classified into three kinds.Theelementary structures of them are presented in this paper.It is pointed out that the elemen-tary excitation theory on charge transfer system can be employed to analyze several impor-tant physical processes in opto-electronic molecular devices.Some basic principles on thedevice design are obtained.The method developed by authors has succeeded in analyzingthe conducting mechanism and switching property of Metal-TCNQ.The crystal structureof Cu-TCNQ and the explanation to the electronic switching effect of Cu-TCNQ are giv-en out first time.

Graphene Bridge Heterostructure Devices for Negative Differential Transconductance Circuit Applications

Two-dimensional van der Waals(2D vdW)material-based heterostructure devices have been widely studied for high-end electronic applications owing to their heterojunction properties.In this study,we demonstrate graphene(Gr)-bridge heterostructure devices consisting of laterally series-connected ambipolar semiconductor/Gr-bridge/n-type molybdenum disulfide as a channel material for field-effect transistors(FET).Unlike conventional FET operation,our Gr-bridge devices exhibit nonclassical transfer characteristics(humped transfer curve),thus possessing a negative differential transconductance.These phenomena are interpreted as the operating behavior in two series-connected FETs,and they result from the gate-tunable contact capacity of the Gr-bridge layer.Multi-value logic inverters and frequency tripler circuits are successfully demonstrated using ambipolar semiconductors with narrow-and wide-bandgap materials as more advanced circuit applications based on non-classical transfer characteristics.Thus,we believe that our innovative and straightforward device structure engineering will be a promising technique for future multi-functional circuit applications of 2D nanoelectronics.

Deep Transfer Learning Models for Mobile-Based Ocular Disorder Identification on Retinal Images

Mobile technology is developing significantly.Mobile phone technologies have been integrated into the healthcare industry to help medical practitioners.Typically,computer vision models focus on image detection and classification issues.MobileNetV2 is a computer vision model that performs well on mobile devices,but it requires cloud services to process biometric image information and provide predictions to users.This leads to increased latency.Processing biometrics image datasets on mobile devices will make the prediction faster,but mobiles are resource-restricted devices in terms of storage,power,and computational speed.Hence,a model that is small in size,efficient,and has good prediction quality for biometrics image classification problems is required.Quantizing pre-trained CNN(PCNN)MobileNetV2 architecture combined with a Support Vector Machine(SVM)compacts the model representation and reduces the computational cost and memory requirement.This proposed novel approach combines quantized pre-trained CNN(PCNN)MobileNetV2 architecture with a Support Vector Machine(SVM)to represent models efficiently with low computational cost and memory.Our contributions include evaluating three CNN models for ocular disease identification in transfer learning and deep feature plus SVM approaches,showing the superiority of deep features from MobileNetV2 and SVM classification models,comparing traditional methods,exploring six ocular diseases and normal classification with 20,111 images postdata augmentation,and reducing the number of trainable models.The model is trained on ocular disorder retinal fundus image datasets according to the severity of six age-related macular degeneration(AMD),one of the most common eye illnesses,Cataract,Diabetes,Glaucoma,Hypertension,andMyopia with one class Normal.From the experiment outcomes,it is observed that the suggested MobileNetV2-SVM model size is compressed.The testing accuracy for MobileNetV2-SVM,InceptionV3,and MobileNetV2 is 90.11%,86.88%,and 89.76%respectively while MobileNetV2-SVM,InceptionV3,and MobileNetV2 accuracy are observed to be 92.59%,83.38%,and 90.16%,respectively.The proposed novel technique can be used to classify all biometric medical image datasets on mobile devices.

Near-zero-adhesion-enabled intact wafer-scale resist-transfer printing for high-fidelity nanofabrication on arbitrary substrates

There is an urgent need for novel processes that can integrate different functional nanostructures onto specific substrates,so as to meet the fast-growing need for broad applications in nanoelectronics,nanophotonics,and fexible optoelectronics.Existing direct-lithography methods are difficult to use on fexible,nonplanar,and biocompatible surfaces.Therefore,this fabrication is usually accomplished by nanotransfer printing.However,large-scale integration of multiscale nanostructures with unconventional substrates remains challenging because fabrication yields and quality are often limited by the resolution,uniformity,adhesivity,and integrity of the nanostructures formed by direct transfer.Here,we proposed a resist-based transfer strategy enabled by near-zero adhesion,which was achieved by molecular modification to attain a critical surface energy interval.This approach enabled the intact transfer of wafer-scale,ultrathin-resist nanofilms onto arbitrary substrates with mitigated cracking and wrinkling,thereby facilitating the in situ fabrication of nanostructures for functional devices.Applying this approach,fabrication of three-dimensional-stacked multilayer structures with enhanced functionalities,nanoplasmonic structures with~10 nm resolution,and MoS2-based devices with excellent performance was demonstrated on specific substrates.These results collectively demonstrated the high stability,reliability,and throughput of our strategy for optical and electronic device applications.

Cooling Device Using the Natural Convection, Phase Change of Substance and Capillary Effect

Paper deals about testing of device with gravity assisted heat pipes and about researching of wick heat pipes used to effective heat transfers from power switches of energy converter. At first, to simulate ambient condition was designed thermostatic chamber where was monitoring temperature course on main parts of cooling device （energy converter, air cooler and heat pipes） at various position of cooling device. It was found, if the cooling device is in tilt position the cooling performance is better. But if the tilt angel of gravity assisted heat pipe is higher the heat transfer is lower. From reason improve heat transfer cooling device at tilt angle are manufactured heat pipes with the sintered, mesh screen and grooved capillary structures and tested their thermal performance at vertical and tilt angel 45~ position by calorimetric method. Article describes manufacturing process and thermal performance measuring method of wick heat pipes. This experiment testify that the wick heat pipe is able operate at tilt angle position than gravity assisted heat pipe and application of wick heat pipes into cooling device will improve his cooling performance.

Transferred Epithet的表现形式及其修辞功能

英语的“移就”是一种特殊的语言现象,也是一种常见的修辞格。“移就”的表现形式多样,其修辞功能也十分丰富,表现为言简意赅、借物抒情、生动新颖等。

Mass transfer coefficient in the eductor liquid-liquid extraction column

In this research gasoil desalting was investigated from mass transfer point of view in an eductor liquid–liquid extraction column(eductor-LLE device).Mass transfer characteristics of the eductor-LLE device were evaluated and an empirical correlation was obtained by dimensional analysis of the dispersed phase Sherwood number.The Results showed that the overall mass transfer coefficient of the dispersed phase and extraction efficiency have been increased by increasing Sauter mean diameter(SMD)and decreasing the nozzle diameter from 2 to 1 mm,respectively.The effects of Reynolds number(R_(e)),projection ratio(ratio of the distance between venturi throat and nozzle tip to venturi throat diameter,Rpr),venturi throat area to nozzle area ratio(R_(th-n))and two phases flow rates ratio(R_(Q))on the mass transfer coefficient(K)were determined.According to the results,K increase with increasing Re and RQ and also with decreasing Rpr and R_(th-n).Semi-empirical models of drop formation,rising and coalescence were compared with our proposed empirical model.It was revealed that the present model provided a relatively good fitting for the mass transfer model of drop coalescence.Moreover,experimental data were in better agreement with calculated data with AARE value of 0.085.

ZnO Films on Transferable and Low Thermal Resistance Graphite Substrate Grown by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis

ZnO thin films were deposited on graphite substrates by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method with Zn（CH3COO）2·2H2O aqueous solution as precursor. The crystalline structure, morphology, and optical properties of the as-grown ZnO films were investigated systematically as a function of deposition temperature and growth time. Near-band edge ultraviolet （UV） emission was observed in room temperature photoluminescence spectra for the optimized samples, yet the usually observed defect related deep level emissions were nearly undetectable, indicating that high optical quality ZnO thin films could be achieved via this ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method. Considering the features of transferable and low thermal resistance of the graphite substrates, the achievement will be of special interest for the development of high-power semiconductor devices with sufficient vower durability.

基于平板热管技术的电子器件热管理研究进展

随着电子器件不断趋于小型化和高度集成化发展,电子器件功率过高引发的散热问题亟待解决。平板热管由于具有均温性好、散热效率高等优势已为许多大功率电子元器件的散热问题提供了有效的热管理解决方案。但面对如今越来越多元化的散热需求,开发适应新型电子设备散热需求的高效平板热管仍是当前研究的热点。基于此,在对平板热管工作原理及结构特点进行阐述的基础上,对平板热管的传热性能、影响传热性能的因素(毛细芯结构、腔体厚度、工质、充液率、倾角和热源)、强化平板热管传热性能的措施(不同润湿性表面和支撑柱结构等)及其在小型化电子设备、IGBT晶体管、LED和电池组等电子器件散热应用等方面进行了系统性综述,指出研究不同毛细芯结构与腔体厚度下平板热管内部流动传热特性、散热性能强化的机制和综合优化方法,以及如何在不同电子器件热管理需求下设计出空间适应性强而散热性能高效的平板热管等仍是当前平板热管有待进一步突破的关键技术,将为平板热管在电子器件散热领域的进一步深入研究与优化提供一定参考。

基于边缘计算的轻量化识别方法

“新零售”模式的出现,对传统零售业的转型以及提升用户消费体验具有重要意义。然而,目前市场上的无人水果秤大多存在一些问题,如识别率低、模型结构复杂、部署困难、模型推理实时性差等。针对这些问题,提出一种基于边缘计算的轻量化识别方法。选用MobileNext作为主干网络,引入轻量型的注意力模块CBAM改进MobileNext中的SandGlass模块。利用Ghost模块替换SandGlass模块中的标准1×1卷积,以压缩模型的参数量和运算量。在此基础上,使用迁移学习的策略搭配NAdam优化器训练改进后的MobileNext模型,进一步提高模型的识别精度。在Fruit Recognition数据集上的实验结果表明,该方法在水果识别任务中达到了98.95%的识别准确率,优于原MobileNext、MobileNetV2和EfficientNet-B0等轻量级模型。相较于原MobileNext模型,改进后的MobileNext模型识别准确率提高了1.17个百分点,参数量仅为1.775×106,推理时间仅为16.5 ms。在实际的零售场景中,所提方法只需很小的参数量和运算量就能实现较好的识别效果,并能够部署在边缘设备上。

IEC/TC108 2023年秋季工作组会议综述

介绍TC108 HBSDT工作组2023年秋季虚拟会议情况,包括对IEC 62368-1:2023的新技术提案讨论、特别小组讨论、解释组文件讨论及相关决议讨论等。