The archaic functional vocabulary is highly with the legal features of formality and conservativeness and still holding a place in legal English.The Berne Convention is a good example to study the use and translation ...The archaic functional vocabulary is highly with the legal features of formality and conservativeness and still holding a place in legal English.The Berne Convention is a good example to study the use and translation of the archaic functional vocabulary.By studying what archaic functional words or phrases are used in the Berne Convention,their meanings and the different use frequencies of them between the Berne Convention and the Copy Right Law of PRC,it has been found that arhcaic adverbs are used of low frequency,while some adjectives or adjectival groups as well as some prepositions or prepositional phrases are used of high frequencies.The use frequencies of the archaic functional vocabulary is higher in the Berne Convention than those in the Copy Right law of PRC.Some suggestions can be put forward to help improve translating Chinese legal documents into English or writing English legal documents.展开更多
Optical frequency combs have emerged as an important tool enabling diverse applications from test-and-measurement,including spectroscopy,metrology,precision distance measurement,sensing,as well as optical and microwav...Optical frequency combs have emerged as an important tool enabling diverse applications from test-and-measurement,including spectroscopy,metrology,precision distance measurement,sensing,as well as optical and microwave waveform synthesis,signal processing,and communications.Several techniques exist to generate optical frequency combs,such as mode-locked lasers,Kerr micro-resonators,and electro-optic modulation.Important characteristics of optical frequency combs include the number of comb lines,their spacing,spectral shape and/or flatness,and intensity noise.While mode-locked lasers and Kerr micro-resonators can be used to obtain a large number of comb lines compared to electro-optic modulation,the latter provides increased flexibility in tuning the comb spacing.For some applications in optical communications and microwave photonics,a high degree of integration may be more desirable over a very large number of comb lines.In this paper,we review recent progress on integrated electro-optic frequency comb generators,including those based on indium phosphide,lithium niobate,and silicon photonics.展开更多
High-speed and wide-band LiNbO3 waveguide electro-optic intensity modulator has drawn great attention in the field of optical fiber communication and sensor. This paper reports the research results on the measurement ...High-speed and wide-band LiNbO3 waveguide electro-optic intensity modulator has drawn great attention in the field of optical fiber communication and sensor. This paper reports the research results on the measurement of frequency shift characteristics of Mach-Zehnder electro-optic intensity modulator. Two measurement methods of frequency shift characteristics for high and low frequency modulations are studied in theory and experiment and demonstrate different results. The realization of a multi-wavelength optical source based on Mach-Zehnder electro-optic intensity modulator has been introduced. The technique to reach the maximum intensity for interesting shift frequency, particularly for heterodyne detection of Brillouin distributed optical fiber sensing, has been given.展开更多
The SDR-to-HDR translation technique can convert the abundant standard-dynamic-range (SDR) media resources to high-dynamic-range (HDR) ones, which can represent high-contrast scenes, providing more realistic visual ex...The SDR-to-HDR translation technique can convert the abundant standard-dynamic-range (SDR) media resources to high-dynamic-range (HDR) ones, which can represent high-contrast scenes, providing more realistic visual experiences. While recent vision Transformers have achieved promising performance in many low-level vision tasks, there are few works attempting to leverage Transformers for SDR-to-HDR translation. In this paper, we are among the first to investigate the performance of Transformers for SDR-to-HDR translation. We find that directly using the self-attention mechanism may involve artifacts in the results due to the inappropriate way to model long-range dependencies between the low-frequency and high-frequency components. Taking this into account, we advance the self-attention mechanism and present a dual frequency attention (DFA), which leverages the self-attention mechanism to separately encode the low-frequency structural information and high-frequency detail information. Based on the proposed DFA, we further design a multi-scale feature fusion network, named dual frequency Transformer (DFT), for efficient SDR-to-HDR translation. Extensive experiments on the HDRTV1K dataset demonstrate that our DFT can achieve better quantitative and qualitative performance than the recent state-of-the-art methods. The code of our DFT is made publicly available at https://github.com/CS-GangXu/DFT.展开更多
A nonlinearity-compensation-free optical frequency domain reflectometry(OFDR)scheme is proposed and experimentally demonstrated based on the electrically-controlled optical frequency sweep.In the proposed scheme,the l...A nonlinearity-compensation-free optical frequency domain reflectometry(OFDR)scheme is proposed and experimentally demonstrated based on the electrically-controlled optical frequency sweep.In the proposed scheme,the linear frequency sweep light is generated by propagating an ultra-narrow-linewidth continuous-wave(CW)light through an electro-optic frequency shifter which consists of a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator(DPMZM)and an electronic 90°hybrid,where the electro-optic frequency shifter is driven by a linear frequency modulated signal generated by a direct digital synthesizer(DDS).Experimental results show that the spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of the proposed OFDR scheme without the nonlinear phase compensation are comparable to those of OFDR employing a commercial tunable laser source(TLS),an auxiliary interferometer,and a software-based nonlinear phase compensation method.The proposed OFDR scheme is helpful to reduce the complexity of the optical structure and eliminate the difficulty of developing the nonlinear phase compensation algorithm.展开更多
We made a comprehensive investigation on the electro-optic(EO) properties of hybrid sol-gel silica film doped with Dispersed Red 1 dye(DR1/SiO2). An important finding is that the dipoles which don't orient along ...We made a comprehensive investigation on the electro-optic(EO) properties of hybrid sol-gel silica film doped with Dispersed Red 1 dye(DR1/SiO2). An important finding is that the dipoles which don't orient along the direction of corona poling field in the films can be instantaneously poled by alternate modulation electrical field. This instant poling effect results in the EO coefficients dependent on the frequency and intensity of alternate modulation electric field, and some experiments have proved it. We also investigated the electro-optic coefficients and thickness of films at different stir temperatures(Ts) of start solution and at different number densities of DR1. Experimentally the DR1 number density was optimized to an order of 1021/cm^3 and a large EO coefficient of γ33= 37 pm/V for DR1/SiO2 film was measured by simple reflection technique at 1 kHz frequencies of modulation electric field. These findings may benefit the practical application of DR1/SiO2 films in the field of EO modulator and EO probing.展开更多
基金the fund from Guangdong Polytechnic of Industry and Commerce for the project she undertakes“Research on Big Data Mining and Quality Evaluation of English Translation of Legal Terms with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era”(Project Code:2023-SKJ-21)in the writing up of this paper.
文摘The archaic functional vocabulary is highly with the legal features of formality and conservativeness and still holding a place in legal English.The Berne Convention is a good example to study the use and translation of the archaic functional vocabulary.By studying what archaic functional words or phrases are used in the Berne Convention,their meanings and the different use frequencies of them between the Berne Convention and the Copy Right Law of PRC,it has been found that arhcaic adverbs are used of low frequency,while some adjectives or adjectival groups as well as some prepositions or prepositional phrases are used of high frequencies.The use frequencies of the archaic functional vocabulary is higher in the Berne Convention than those in the Copy Right law of PRC.Some suggestions can be put forward to help improve translating Chinese legal documents into English or writing English legal documents.
基金This research was supported in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Fonds du Québec–Nature et Technologies.
文摘Optical frequency combs have emerged as an important tool enabling diverse applications from test-and-measurement,including spectroscopy,metrology,precision distance measurement,sensing,as well as optical and microwave waveform synthesis,signal processing,and communications.Several techniques exist to generate optical frequency combs,such as mode-locked lasers,Kerr micro-resonators,and electro-optic modulation.Important characteristics of optical frequency combs include the number of comb lines,their spacing,spectral shape and/or flatness,and intensity noise.While mode-locked lasers and Kerr micro-resonators can be used to obtain a large number of comb lines compared to electro-optic modulation,the latter provides increased flexibility in tuning the comb spacing.For some applications in optical communications and microwave photonics,a high degree of integration may be more desirable over a very large number of comb lines.In this paper,we review recent progress on integrated electro-optic frequency comb generators,including those based on indium phosphide,lithium niobate,and silicon photonics.
基金supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University under Grand No. NCET-06-0925.
文摘High-speed and wide-band LiNbO3 waveguide electro-optic intensity modulator has drawn great attention in the field of optical fiber communication and sensor. This paper reports the research results on the measurement of frequency shift characteristics of Mach-Zehnder electro-optic intensity modulator. Two measurement methods of frequency shift characteristics for high and low frequency modulations are studied in theory and experiment and demonstrate different results. The realization of a multi-wavelength optical source based on Mach-Zehnder electro-optic intensity modulator has been introduced. The technique to reach the maximum intensity for interesting shift frequency, particularly for heterodyne detection of Brillouin distributed optical fiber sensing, has been given.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61922046 and 62276145)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018AAA0100400)Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities,China(No.63223049).
文摘The SDR-to-HDR translation technique can convert the abundant standard-dynamic-range (SDR) media resources to high-dynamic-range (HDR) ones, which can represent high-contrast scenes, providing more realistic visual experiences. While recent vision Transformers have achieved promising performance in many low-level vision tasks, there are few works attempting to leverage Transformers for SDR-to-HDR translation. In this paper, we are among the first to investigate the performance of Transformers for SDR-to-HDR translation. We find that directly using the self-attention mechanism may involve artifacts in the results due to the inappropriate way to model long-range dependencies between the low-frequency and high-frequency components. Taking this into account, we advance the self-attention mechanism and present a dual frequency attention (DFA), which leverages the self-attention mechanism to separately encode the low-frequency structural information and high-frequency detail information. Based on the proposed DFA, we further design a multi-scale feature fusion network, named dual frequency Transformer (DFT), for efficient SDR-to-HDR translation. Extensive experiments on the HDRTV1K dataset demonstrate that our DFT can achieve better quantitative and qualitative performance than the recent state-of-the-art methods. The code of our DFT is made publicly available at https://github.com/CS-GangXu/DFT.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.61927821 and No.61575037.
文摘A nonlinearity-compensation-free optical frequency domain reflectometry(OFDR)scheme is proposed and experimentally demonstrated based on the electrically-controlled optical frequency sweep.In the proposed scheme,the linear frequency sweep light is generated by propagating an ultra-narrow-linewidth continuous-wave(CW)light through an electro-optic frequency shifter which consists of a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator(DPMZM)and an electronic 90°hybrid,where the electro-optic frequency shifter is driven by a linear frequency modulated signal generated by a direct digital synthesizer(DDS).Experimental results show that the spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of the proposed OFDR scheme without the nonlinear phase compensation are comparable to those of OFDR employing a commercial tunable laser source(TLS),an auxiliary interferometer,and a software-based nonlinear phase compensation method.The proposed OFDR scheme is helpful to reduce the complexity of the optical structure and eliminate the difficulty of developing the nonlinear phase compensation algorithm.
基金Supported by the Chinese University Innovation Program from Ministry of Education of China(No.706017)
文摘We made a comprehensive investigation on the electro-optic(EO) properties of hybrid sol-gel silica film doped with Dispersed Red 1 dye(DR1/SiO2). An important finding is that the dipoles which don't orient along the direction of corona poling field in the films can be instantaneously poled by alternate modulation electrical field. This instant poling effect results in the EO coefficients dependent on the frequency and intensity of alternate modulation electric field, and some experiments have proved it. We also investigated the electro-optic coefficients and thickness of films at different stir temperatures(Ts) of start solution and at different number densities of DR1. Experimentally the DR1 number density was optimized to an order of 1021/cm^3 and a large EO coefficient of γ33= 37 pm/V for DR1/SiO2 film was measured by simple reflection technique at 1 kHz frequencies of modulation electric field. These findings may benefit the practical application of DR1/SiO2 films in the field of EO modulator and EO probing.