Dendritic spine degeneration:a primary mechanism in the aging process

Recent reports suggest that aging is not solely a physiological process in living beings;instead, it should be considered a pathological process or disease(Amorim et al., 2022). Consequently, this process involves a wide range of factors, spanning from genetic to environmental factors, and even includes the gut microbiome(GM)(Mayer et al., 2022). All these processes coincide at some point in the inflammatory process, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, at different degrees in various organs and systems that constitute a living organism(Mayer et al., 2022;AguilarHernández et al., 2023).

An Unprecedented Efficiency with Approaching 21%Enabled by Additive‑Assisted Layer‑by‑Layer Processing in Organic Solar Cells

Recently published in Joule,Feng Liu and colleagues from Shanghai Jiaotong University reported a record-breaking 20.8%power conversion efficiency in organic solar cells(OSCs)with an interpenetrating fibril network active layer morphology,featuring a bulk p-in structure and proper vertical segregation achieved through additive-assisted layer-by-layer deposition.This optimized hierarchical gradient fibrillar morphology and optical management synergistically facilitates exciton diffusion,reduces recombination losses,and enhances light capture capability.This approach not only offers a solution to achieving high-efficiency devices but also demonstrates the potential for commercial applications of OSCs.

Process Simulate软件在自动化生产线安装调试课程中的应用

针对自动化生产线安装调试课程的实践教学难题提出了使用仿真软件进行虚拟装调的方案。介绍了如何使用Process Simulate软件对自动化生产线进行虚拟装调。实践证明,使用Process Simulate软件能够有效提高自动化生产线安装调试课程的实践教学效果。

基于Arduino与Processing的心率检测计设计研究

随着社会经济的高速发展,人们的物质生活也有了极大的提高,但同时也伴随着各种疾病的到来,身体健康已经成为人们普遍关注的焦点,因此,心率检测仪、血压计、血糖仪等各种家用医疗监测仪器已经逐渐融入日常生活。心脏病是人们难以预防的突发致命疾病之一,本文介绍的是一款基于Arduino【是基于易用硬件和软件的原型开源平台,包由可编程的电路板(简称微控制器),以及集成开发环境(称为Arduino IDE)的现成软件组成】Processing(开源编程语言,包括编辑器、编译器、展示器)的简易心率检测计系统,其功能实用、操作简单,可以测量心率,当超出正常心率范围时及时预警,是一款便携的实时心率测试仪。

ELECTRO-THERMAL EFFECTS AND DEFORMATION RESPONSE OF CARBON FIBER MAT CEMENT BEAMS

A carbon fiber mat is a sheet composed of intercrossing short carbon fibers,which has more stable and lower electrical resistivity compared with dispersed short carbon fiber mixed in cement.Thereby carbon fiber mat cement could exhibit obvious electro-thermal effect.When electrified,the temperature of composite structures made up of cement mortar and carbon fiber mat will rise rapidly.If the temperature field is not uniform,temperature difference will cause structures to deform,which can be used to adjust the deformation of structures.The temperature field and deformation response driven by the electro-thermal effects of a type of carbon fiber mat cement beams are studied.Firstly,the temperature and deformation responses are studied using theories of thermal conduction and elasticity.Secondly,experimental results are given to verify the theoretical solution.These two parts lay the foundation for temperature and deformation adjustment.

Model of Polysilicon Electro-thermal Micro Actuator and Research of Micro Scale Effect

A type of crank beam electro-thermal micro actuator was prescribed. Mechanical model of the actuator was established, and the static characteristic was analyzed.Comparing the theoretical analysis with experimental data, it is found that the thermodynamic character of material in micro actuator has a different variable regularity contrasted to that used in macro scale machines. It is the micro scale effect that results in the deviation between the simulating result and experimental results. The thermodynamic expression of polysilicon, which was fitted by means of the experimental data concerned, was used to modify the mechanical model. The modified model, in which the micro scale thermodynamic characteristic was considered, was more reasonable and could make the optimal design and control strategies analyzing the straight-line micro actuator more feasible.

Microstructure and wear resistance of electro-thermal explosion sprayed stellite coating used for remanufacturing

Electro-thermal explosion directional spraying was used to prepare the stellite coating on substrate of the AISI 1045 steel. The morphologies of cross-section and worn scar, porosity, distribution of elements, micro- hardness and wear resistance of the coating were determined by means of SEM, EDAX, micro-hardness tester and sliding wear tester. Because of the compact construction, good bonding and high hardness, the coating is characterized by good wear resistance. The results show that the mainly failure mode of the stellite coating is micro- plowing.

STUDY ON THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECT AND MECHANISMS OF ELECTRO-THERMAL NEEDLING FOR TREATMENT OF VULVAL LEUKOPLASIA

In the present paper,444 patients with vulvar leukoplasia were treated by selectingacupoints in the local area and along the meridian plus Qugu（CV 2）and Huiyin（CV 1）and usingelectro-thermal needling.The total effective rate was up to 100.0％and the cure rate 87.3％.Theelectro-thermal effect directly acted on the affected area but strengthened the immunologic function ofthe whole body and raised the content of serum copper.

ELECTRO-THERMAL MOXIBUSTION ON ACUPOINTS FOR TREATMENT OF 98 CASES OF SCIATICA

98 patients with sciatica are treated.by stimubting acupoints using a self-made electro-thermal moxibustion instrument.Results show that 82 cases arecured,8 improved and 5 effective,with the total effective rate of 96.9％.The temperature relesed from this instrument is adjustable.The electro-thermal moxibustion therapy is short in treatment duration and rapid in taking effect.Ithas no needling-induced pain and no side-effects,and is accepted preferably by patients.

High-temperature corrosion-resistance performance of electro-thermal explosion spraying coating

As a new spraying technology used in the remanufacturing engineering, electro-thermal explosion spraying holds a lot of advantages. Electro-thermal explosion spraying coating aliquation phenomena are reduced and non-crystal, micro-crystal and millimicron-crystal and other microstructure are formed. The corrosion-resistance ability of electro-thermal explosion spraying coating in high temperature environment was surveyed respectively. SEM equipped with EDS was employed to analyze the microstructure of spraying coating before and after corrosion. The corrosion-resistance mechanism of the spraying coating was discussed.

Design and Fabrication of 2-DOF Micromirror Array Based on Electro-Thermal Actuators

With surface- and bulk-micromachining, an 8 × 8 mirrors array is designed, fabricated and tested, which is based on electro-thermal actuators and can be addressed individually. The micromirror is square shaped, 4-corner-actuated. Its dimension is 200 μm × 200 μm. The substrate below it is caved away to ensure a tilt at an angle as large as possible. To protect the etch-sensitive features on the front side of the wafer undamaged during wet deep silicon etch on the backside, the wax protective coating process is used. Mirror actuated by powering an alternative pair of heaters will tilt in 2-DOF. If its 4 cantilevers/heaters are powered synchronously, it will move in a piston mode. The effective arrays are more than 80% out of the three finished wafers. When the ramp voltage frequency applied to a pair of neighboring cantilevers is 5 Hz at 10 V, the average tilting angle can be ± 8°.

Microstructure and Deposition Mechanism of C/SiCN Composites Prepared by Rapid Electro-thermal Pyrolysis CVD

Carbon fiber-reinforced silicon carbonitride ceramic matrix composites （C/SiCN） were prepared by rapid electro-thermal pyrolysis CVD using liquid polymer hexamethyldisilazane （HMDS, （CH3）3SiNHSi（CH3）3） as precursor. Microstructure morphology and production technique of C/SiCN composites were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were respectively employed to characterize microstructures of the as-received C/SiCN composites samples. The high temperature pyrolysis of HMDS results in destruction of molecular chain, fracture of bonds, as well as liquid-gas-solid conversion from polymer to ceramic. Microstructures observation indicates that there is a high degree of coalescence between SiCN matrix and C fiber. The deposition model of liquid precursor electro-thermal pyrolysis CVD is different from that of gas precursor isothermal chemical vapor infiltration. Rapid liquid flow and slow gas diffusion are key factors for the difference of two methods. Preparation of rapid electro-thermal pyrolysis CVD consists of four steps including liquid polymer infiltration, polymer pyrolysis, rapid deposition of pyrolyzed substances and rapid densification, respectively.

THE FUZZY NUMERICAL VALUE SIMULATION OF NANOMETER ELECTRO-THERMAL IN HOT-WORKING

The fuzzy numerical value analysis method is adopted for the first time, which solves the problem of nanometer electro-thermal in filming process, The key technique is embodied by controlling the time distribution, temperature and press in the filming process. The concrete technique of filming is showed by establishing the fuzzy mumbership function of above three indexes, which improves the precision of the materials of nanometer electro-thermal in hot-working. At the same time, the principles of the fuzzy relationship mapping inversion （FRMI） is put forward, Therefore, the standardization and continuity can be met.

Study on Approach of Static Security Assessment Accounting for Electro-thermal Coupling

A static security assessment approach considering electro-thermal coupling of transmission lines is proposed in this paper. Combined with the dynamic thermal rating technology and energy forecasting, the approach can track both the electrical variables and transmission lines’ temperature varying trajectory under anticipated contingencies. Accordingly, it identifies the serious contingencies by transmission lines’ temperature violation rather than its power flow, in this case the time margin of temperature rising under each serious contingency can be provided to operators as warning information and some unnecessary security control can also be avoided. Finally, numerical simulations are carried out to testify the validity of the proposed approach.

Constraints on Characteristics and Distribution of Gas Hydrate and Free Gas Using Broad-Band Processing of Three-Dimensional Seismic Data

Gas hydrate drilling expeditions in the Pearl River Mouth Basin,South China Sea,have identified concentrated gas hydrates with variable thickness.Moreover,free gas and the coexistence of gas hydrate and free gas have been confirmed by logging,coring,and production tests in the foraminifera-rich silty sediments with complex bottom-simulating reflectors(BSRs).The broad-band processing is conducted on conventional three-dimensional(3D)seismic data to improve the image and detection accuracy of gas hydratebearing layers and delineate the saturation and thickness of gas hydrate-and free gas-bearing sediments.Several geophysical attributes extracted along the base of the gas hydrate stability zone are used to demonstrate the variable distribution and the controlling factors for the differential enrichment of gas hydrate.The inverted gas hydrate saturation at the production zone is over 40% with a thickness of 90 m,showing the interbedded distribution with different boundaries between gas hydrate-and free gas-bearing layers.However,the gas hydrate saturation value at the adjacent canyon is 70%,with 30-m-thick patches and linear features.The lithological and fault controls on gas hydrate and free gas distributions are demonstrated by tracing each gas hydrate-bearing layer.Moreover,the BSR depths based on broad-band reprocessed 3D seismic data not only exhibit variations due to small-scale topographic changes caused by seafloor sedimentation and erosion but also show the upward shift of BSR and the blocky distribution of the coexistence of gas hydrate and free gas in the Pearl River Mouth Basin.

Fast Calculation Method of Energy Flow for Combined Electro-Thermal System and Its Application

In recent years, Combined electro-thermal system has developed rapidly. In order to provide the initial data for the analysis of the combined electro-thermal system, a practical energy flow calculation method for the combined electro-thermal system is proposed in this paper. Based on the detailed analysis of the topology structure of the heating network and its hydraulic and thermodynamic model, the forward-backward sweep method for the heat flow of the heating network is established, which is more suitable for the actual radial heating network. The electric and thermal coupling model for heating source, such as thermoelectric unit and electric boiler is established, and the heat flow of heating network and the power flow of power grid are calculated orderly, thus a fast calculation method for the combined electro-thermal system is formed. What’s more, a combined electro-thermal system with two-stage peak-shaving electric boiler is used as the example system. This paper validates the effectiveness and rapidity of this method through the example system, and analyzes the influence for the energy flow of combined electro-thermal system caused by the operating parameters such as the installation location of electric boiler, the outlet water temperature of heat source and the outlet flow rate, etc.

Design and optimization of a greener sinomenine hydrochloride preparation process considering variations among different batches of the medicinal herb

The current methods used to industrially produce sinomenine hydrochloride involve several issues,including high solvent toxicity,long process flow,and low atomic utilization efficiency,and the greenness scores of the processes are below 65 points.To solve these problems,a new process using anisole as the extractant was proposed.Anisole exhibits high selectivity for sinomenine and can be connected to the subsequent water-washing steps.After alkalization of the medicinal material,heating extraction,water washing,and acidification crystallization were carried out.The process was modeled and optimized.The design space was constructed.The recommended operating ranges for the critical process parameters were 3.0–4.0 h for alkalization time,60.0–80.0℃ for extraction temperature,2.0–3.0(volume ratio)for washing solution amount,and 2.0–2.4 mol·L^(-1) for hydrochloric acid concentration.The new process shows good robustness because different batches of medicinal materials did not greatly impact crystal purity or sinomenine transfer rate.The sinomenine transfer rate was about 20%higher than that of industrial processes.The greenness score increased to 90 points since the novel process proposed in this research solves the problems of long process flow,high solvent toxicity,and poor atomic economy,better aligning with the concept of green chemistry.

Investigation on taste characteristics and sensory perception of soft-boiled chicken during oral processing based on electronic tongue and electronic nose

The sensory perception of food is a dynamic process,which is closely related to the release of flavor substances during oral processing.It’s not only affected by the food material,but also subjected to the individual oral environment.To explore the oral processing characteristics of soft-boiled chicken,the sensory properties,texture,particle size,viscosity,characteristic values of electronic nose and tongue of different chicken samples were investigated.The correlation analysis showed that the physical characteristics especially the cohesiveness,springiness,resilience of the sample determined oral processing behavior.The addition of chicken skin played a role in lubrication during oral processing.The particle size of the bolus was heightened at the early stage,and the fluidity was enhanced in the end,which reduced the chewing time to the swallowing point and raised the aromatic compounds signal of electronic nose.But the effect of chicken skin on chicken thigh with relatively high fat content,was opposite in electronic nose,which had a certain masking effect on the perception of umami and sweet taste.In conclusion,fat played a critical role in chicken oral processing and chicken thigh had obvious advantages in comprehensive evaluation of soft-boiled chicken,which was more popular among people.

Toluene Processed All-Polymer Solar Cells with 18%Efficiency and Enhanced Stability Enabled by Solid Additive:Comparison Between Sequential-Processing and Blend-Casting

The emergence of polymerized small molecule acceptors(PSMAs)has significantly improved the performance of all-polymer solar cells(all-PSCs).However,the pace of device engineering lacks behind that of materials development,so that a majority of the PSMAs have not fulfilled their potentials.Furthermore,most high-performance all-PSCs rely on the use of chloroform as the processing solvent.For instance,the recent highperformance PSMA,named PJ1-γ,with high LUMO,and HOMO levels,could only achieve a PCE of 16.1%with a high-energy-level donor(JD40)using chloroform.Herein,we present a methodology combining sequential processing(SqP)with the addition of 0.5%wt PC_(71)BM as a solid additive(SA)to achieve an impressive efficiency of 18.0%for all-PSCs processed from toluene,an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent.Compared to the conventional blend-casting(BC)method whose best efficiency(16.7%)could only be achieved using chloroform,the SqP method significantly boosted the device efficiency using toluene as the processing solvent.In addition,the donor we employ is the classic PM6 that has deeper energy levels than JD40,which provides low energy loss for the device.We compare the results with another PSMA(PYF-T-o)with the same method.Finally,an improved photostability of the SqP devices with the incorporation of SA is demonstrated.

Study on the coupling calculation method for the launch dynamics of a self-propelled artillery multibody system considering engraving process

The launch dynamics theory for multibody systems emerges as an innovative and efficacious approach for the study of launch dynamics,capable of addressing the challenges of complex modeling,diminished computational efficiency,and imprecise analyses of system dynamic responses found in the dynamics research of intricate multi-rigid-flexible body systems,such as self-propelled artillery.This advancement aims to enhance the firing accuracy and launch safety of self-propelled artillery.Recognizing the shortfall of overlooking the band engraving process in existing theories,this study introduces a novel coupling calculation methodology for the launch dynamics of a self-propelled artillery multibody system.This method leverages the ABAQUS subroutine interface VUAMP to compute the dynamic response of the projectile and barrel during the launch process of large-caliber self-propelled artillery.Additionally,it examines the changes in projectile resistance and band deformation in relation to projectile motion throughout the band engraving process.Comparative analysis of the computational outcomes with experimental data evidences that the proposed method offers a more precise depiction of the launch process of self-propelled artillery,thereby enhancing the accuracy of launch dynamics calculations for self-propelled artillery.