FORTY-EIGHT CASES OF ACUTE GOUTY ARTHRITIS TREATED COMPREHENSIVELY WITH ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AND WARMING MOXIBUSTION

Objective To probe into the effects on acute gouty arthritis treated comprehensively with electroacupuncture (EA) and warming moxibustion. Methods 70 cases were randomized into treatment group (48 cases), in which the EA+warming moxibustion was applied; and controlled group (22 cases), in which, colchicine was prescribed for oral administration. Results The statistical outcomes after 1 course treatment in treatment group: 28 cases were cured (58.33%), 18 cases improved (37.50%) and the total effective rate was 95.83%. In controlled group: 12 cases (54.55%) were cured, 8 cases improved (36.36%) and the total effective rate was 90.91%. The therapeutic effects of two groups were basically consistent, without significant different (P>0.05). But, concerning to side effect, there was no any toxic side effects in the group treated with EA+warming moxibustion, and the occurrence rate in the group treated with colchicine was 40.91%. Conclusion Electroacupuncture+warming moxibustion achieves good therapeutic effects without any side effects.

PROTECTION OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ON HIPPOCAMPAL INJURY INDUCED BY QUINOLINIC ACID IN RATS

Objective To probe into the protective mechanism of electro-acupuncture （EA） on anti-oxygen stress in dementia-model rats. Methods A total of 30 male SD rats of cleaning grade were randomized into three groups, named sham-operation （n = 10）, model （n = 10）, model＋ EA （n = 10）. The dementia-model rat was made with hippocampal GA1 lesions by quinolinic acid （QA）. On the second day of modeling, in model＋ EA group, EA （3 Hz, 2-4 mA, continuous waves） was applied to ＂Dàzhuī＂ （大椎 GV 14） and ＂Shènshū＂ （肾俞 BL 23） for 10 min. The capability of learning and memory was evaluated by step-down test to observe the changes of nitric oxide （NO）, nitric oxide synthase （NOS） activity, superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity and malondialdehyde （MDA） of the hippocampal tissues in rats separately by biochemical methods. Results EA improved learning and memory of dementia rats with hippocampal CA1 lesions induced by QA at different degrees. It significantly increased SOD activity, reduced MDA content and improved NO level and NOS activity. Conclusion EA improves significantly the learning and memory of the dementia rats due to hippocampal CA1 lesions induced by QA, which is probably relevant with the anti-oxygen stress of EA.

THE EXTENSIVENESS AND SPECIFICITY OF EFFECT OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AT DIFFERENT ACUPOINTS ON NOCICEPTIVE RESPONSE OF CONVERGENT NEURONS IN TRIGEMINAL NUCLEUS CAUDALIS

Experiments were carried out on rats anaesthetized with uraethane. The sponta-neous discharges and nociceptive responses of convergent neurons in the right trigerninal nucleus cau-dalis(TNC) to noxious stimuli at receptive field (cheek) were recorded extracellularly with glass mi-cro-electrode. Electroacupuncture (EA ) was applied at bilateral " Xiaguan" (ST 7 on face ) or "Zusanli" (ST 36 on shank) acupoint with Iow (2V) and high (18V) intensity. The noclceptive re-sponse of convergent neurons in TNC could be inhihited by low intensity EA applied at "Xiaguan" butnot "Zusanlil", showing the specificity of acupoints. High intensity EA at either "Xiaguan" or "Zusan-li" also reduced the nociceptive responses, showing the analgesic extensiveness of acupoints. We sug-gest that "the gate of control" mechanism plays a main role in low intensity EA and "diffuse noxiousinhibitory controls" (DNIC) rnechanism does so in high intensity EA.The results suggest that we should pay attention to the location of acupoints,

Effect of Electroacupuncture on Platelet-derived Growth Factor and the Ultrastructure of Mitochondria in Rats with Diabetic Gastroparesis

Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)at the pressure points Zu San Li(ST36),San Yin Jiao(SP6)and Liang Men(ST21)on platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF)and the ultrastructure of mitochondria in rats with diabetic gastroparesis(DGP).Methods Sixty Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly separated into a normal control group(NC,n=10)and a modeling group(n=50).Rats in the modeling group received an injection of 2%streptozotocin(STZ)and a high-fat and highglucose diet for eight weeks to establish a DGP rat model.At the same time,blood glucose and a general symptom score were recorded every week.After modeling,30 successfully modeled rats were randomly separated into the following groups:the DGP group(n=10),the EA group(n=10)and the metoclopramide(MP)group(n=10).After three weeks of intervention,the gastrointestinal propulsive rate was measured by measuring the optical density(OD).The concentration of Ca2+was determined by fluorescence immunoassay,and levels of serum insulin(INS)and PDGF were determined by ELISA.The ultrastructure of mitochondria was observed with transmission electron microscopy.Results(1)After intervention,levels of blood glucose and the general symptom score were greatly decreased in the EA group compared to the DGP group(P<0.01).Compared with the DGP group,the gastric emptying rate and the intestinal propulsive rate of the EA group was significantly improved(P<0.01),and there was no statistically significant difference between the EA and the NC groups.(2)Compared with the NC group,the levels of INS in the DGP group markedly decreased(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference of INS levels between the EA and the MP roups.(3)Compared with the DGP group,theconcentration of Ca2+in the EA and the MP groups significantly increased(P<0.01,P<0.05,respectively).(4)Compared with the NC group,the average OD of PDGF in the DGP group was significantly higher(P<0.01).Compared with the DGP group,levels of PDGF in the EA group increased significantly(P<0.01).(5)There were abundant mitochondria with a clear structure and complete cristae in the NC group.However,in the DGP group,mitochondria were severely swollen,partly vacuolated,and cristae were either fractured,absent,or shortened.In the EA group,mitochondria were slightly swollen,with clear cristae.Conclusions Electroacupuncture at the points Zu San Li(ST36),San Yin Jiao(SP6)and Liang Men(ST21)may improve gastric motility in DGP by up-regulating the amount of PDGF and improving the ultrastructure of mitochondria.

Effect of electroacupuncture at distal-proximal acupoint combinations on spinal interleukin-1 beta in a rat model of neuropathic pain

Objective:Pain from herniated disc is a common type of neuropathic pain.This study investigated whether electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation at distal-proximal combinations of acupoints in the rat model of neuropathic pain modulates spinal interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) to induce acupuncture analgesia and possibly serve as a pain-relief modality for herniated disc.Methods:A rat model of neuropathic pain was established.Rats were randomly divided into normal,model,sham,EA 1,EA 2,and EA 3 groups.EA 1 rats were needled at bilateral ExB2,BL25,BL40,and BL60 acupoints.EA 2 rats Were needled at bilateral BL40 and BL60.EA 3 rats were needled at bilateral L5 Ex-B2 and BL25.EA stimulation was administered once daily over 7 days.Mechanical withdrawal threshold from noxious mechanical stimulation was measured 1 day preoperatively and at 3,5,and7 days postoperatively.After 7 days of intervention,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to quantify IL-1β in the spinal cord.Results:Mechanical withdrawal threshold of rats in the model group decreased at 3 days postoperatively when compared with the normal group (P < 0.01),lasting 7 days postoperatively.Mechanical withdrawal thresholds in the EA 1,EA 2,and EA 3 groups were elevated over the model group (P < 0.05;P < 0.01).No obvious differences were found between EA 1,EA 2,and EA 3 groups.ELISA demonstrated an increase in IL-1β in the spinal cord of rats in the model group compared with the normal group (P < 0.01).EA treatment attenuated the increase in spinal IL-1β in the model group.Expression of spinal IL-1β was significantly lower in EA 1,EA 2,and EA 3 groups.Conclusion:EA at distal + proximal acupoints,distal points,as well as proximal points attenuated upregulation of spinal IL-1β,alleviated the extent of neuropathic pain hypersensitivity,and promoted mechanical withdrawal threshold,resulting in EA analgesia.

Electroacupuncture in liver regeneration:a Chinese traditional medicine approach to enhancing liver regeneration

We read with great interest the paper by Yang et al.,published in Advanced Science(1),which presents an intriguing exploration into the use of electroacupuncture(EA)to enhance liver regeneration.This study primarily investigates the roles of the vagus nerve and hepatic macrophages in facilitating liver regeneration,focusing on the brain-liver axis and the underlying mechanisms.

电针通过调控交感-感觉耦联缓解坐骨神经分支损伤小鼠痛觉过敏

目的:观察电针(EA)干预对坐骨神经分支损伤模型(SNI)小鼠背根神经节(DRG)中去甲肾上腺素(NE)、α2A肾上腺素受体(α2A-R)的作用。方法:将雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham)、模型组(SNI)、假电针组(SNI+NC-EA)和电针组(SNI+EA)。使用机械刺激和热辐射刺激分别检测机械缩足反应阈值(PWMT)和热刺激缩足反应潜伏期(PWTL)。通过免疫荧光染色检测小鼠DRG内交感神经纤维芽生及α2A-R与大直径感觉神经元共标数量;采用ELISA试剂盒检测小鼠血清及DRG中NE含量,Western Blot检测DRG内酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)和α2A-R表达水平。结果:SNI后,PWMT及PWTL均显著降低,电针治疗后,PWMT及PWTL逆转升高;免疫荧光染色显示:SNI后DRG中交感芽生增生,电针治疗后,交感芽生明显减弱;SNI后,DRG内NE、α2A-R及TH均显著升高,电针干预后降低其表达,但血清中NE无明显变化。结论:在SNI模型中,电针调控交感-感觉耦联可能是通过抑制DRG中NE的释放及α2A-R的表达,从而产生镇痛效应。

PLASMA NE CONCENTRATION AND 24 HOURS URINARY MHPG·SO_4 EXCRETION CHANGES AFTER ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT IN ENDOGENOUS DEPRESSION

We examined the changes of the plasma NE concentration and 24 hours urinaryMHPG. SO4 excretion in patients with endogenous depression after six weeks of electroacupuncture（EA） treatment. The base-line plasma NE concentration of our endogenous depressed patients wassignificantly higher than that of their age- and sex-matched healthy controls （P【0. 05）. The plasmaNE concentration and 24 hours urinary MHPG. SO4 excretion of our endogenous depressed patientswere not changed after six weeks of EA treatment. The variation of the base-line plasma NE concen-tration in depression was higher than that of in healthy controls （P【0.01） . Variation of plasma NEconcentration of depressed patients was significantly reduced after six weeks of EA treatment. Bothhase-line plasma NE concentration and 24 hours urinary MHPG. SO4 excretion was lower in EA re-sponsive patients than that in EA non-responsive patients. After six weeks of EA treatment, plasmaNE concentration was significantly raised in EA responsive patients

Protecting action of acupuncture-drug compound anesthesia with different frequency electroacupuncture on stress reaction in patients of pneumonectomy

Objective To observe the protective effect of acupuncture-drug compound anesthesia with different frequency electroacupuncture（EA） on stress reaction in patients of pneumonectomy and to explore potential mechanisms.Methods Eighty patients scheduled for pneumonectomy were randomly divided into four groups,group A,B,C and D,20 cases in each group.General anesthesia and single lung protective mechanical ventilation were carried out in all the groups.Acupuncture was given at Hòuxī（后溪 SI 3）,Zhīgōu（支沟TE 6）,Nèiguān（内关 PC 6）,and Hégǔ（合谷 LI 4） 30 min before general anesthesia,and the acupuncture needles were connected with Han＇s acupoint nerve stimulator（HANS-200） in all the groups,but the acupuncture needles without needle bodies were pasted on the acupoints and EA was not given in the group A.2 Hz continuous wave,100 Hz continuous wave and 2 Hz/100 Hz EA were given in the group B,C and D respectively.The supplementary amount of anesthesia medicine,heart rate（HR） and mean arterial pressure（MAP） during pneumonectomy,and CD4^＋/CD8^＋ in venous blood before and one day after the surgery,and the contents of epinephrine（E） and cortisol（Cor） in plasma after entering the operating room and before turning out the operating room were detected.Results ① During the operation,supplementary amounts of Fentanyl in the group B and C were lower than those in the group A and D（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）.② The MAP in the four groups at tracheal intubation（T1） all were higher than those before anesthesia（T0）（all P〈0.01）,and the ascending extents in the group B,C and D were lower than that in the group A（all P〈0.01）;HR at T1 in the group A was higher than that at T0（P〈0.05）,while no significant change in the other groups（all P〈0.05）,and the ascending extents in the group B and D were lower than that in the group A（both P〈0.05）;MAP and HR at the other moments in all the groups were stable.③ CD4^＋/CD8^＋ in the group A after pneumonectomy was lower than that before the surgery（P〈0.05）,while no significant change in the other groups（all P〈0.05）.④ Contents of E and Cor after the operation were significantly increased in all the groups（all P〈0.01）,and the ascending extent of E content in the group D was lower than that in the group A（P〈0.05）;the ascending level of Cor in the group B and D was lower than that in the group A（P〈0.01）,and in the group B was lower that in the group C and D.Conclusion Acupuncture-drug compound anesthesia can attenuate the stress reaction so as to protect organs under the condition of less or same narcotic amount and can alleviate the fluctuation of MAP and HR at tracheal intubation and stabilize CD4^＋/CD8^＋ after pneumonectomy.Among them,2 Hz and 2 Hz/100 Hz EA have better effects.

Therapeutic observation on electroacupuncture at Zusanli(ST 36) and Fenglong(ST 40) for senile dementia

Objective： To explore the clinical effects of electroacupuncture（EA） at Zusanli（ST 36） and Fenglong（ST 40） in treating senile dementia. Methods： A total of 74 patients were randomly divided into an EA group and a medication group based upon the random digital table, 37 cases in each group. EA at Zusanli（ST 36） and Fenglong（ST 40） was given in the EA group, once every day, for six treatments per week. Donepezil Hydrochloride Tablets were given to the medication group, 5 mg per time and once a day in the former four weeks, 10 mg per time and once a day after 4 weeks, oral administration before sleep at night. The courses of the treatment were 12 weeks in both groups. The scores of mini-mental state examination（MMSE） and Barthel index（BI） were observed before and after the treatment, for processing the comparative analysis of the clinical effects after the course of the treatment. Results： The total effective rate was 86.5% in the EA group and 70.3% in the medication group. The therapeutic effect was better in the EA group than that in the medication group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. MMSE and BI scores after the treatment in the two groups were all elevated than those of the same groups before the treatment（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. The improving situation was obviously better in the EA group than that in the medication group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： EA at Zusanli（ST 36） and Fenglong（ST 40） is affirmative in the therapeutic effect for senile dementia and can also improve the cognitive function and enhance the patients＇ quality of life.

Electroacupuncture at Qiuxu (GB 40) for Treatment of Migraine——A Clinical Multicentral Random Controlled Study

Objective： To observe the therapeutic effects of electroacupuncture （EA） at Qiuxu （GB 40） for treatment of migraine so as to provide clinical evidence for compilation of the Acupoints＇ Dictionary of the People＇s Republic of China. Methods： 275 migraine patients admitted in 3 hospitals were randomly divided into a treatment group treated by EA at Qiuxu （GB 40）, and a control group treated by EA at Tianshu （ST 25）. The indexes of the migraine symptoms and the 5-HT level were observed in both the groups before and after treatment. Results： There was an significant difference in VAS score between the two groups of the 3 clinical centers （P〈0.01）. The therapeutic effects of a 4-week treatment were much better in the treatment group than that of the control group. The 3-month follow-up survey showed that the long-term effects were in favor of the treatment group of the first and third clinical centers, though no significant difference was found in the treatment group of the second clinical center as compared with the control group. The results from the 6-month follow-up survey showed better effects in the treatment group of all the 3 clinical centers. Conclusion： EA at Oiuxu （GB 40） may show effect for migraine.

Electroacupuncture combined with qibei mixture for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome:A randomized controlled trial

Objective： To explore the short and long-term efficacy of combining electroacupuncture（EA） and Qibei mixture in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome（IBSD）.Methods： Six hundred and forty-four patients with confirmed IBSD from the Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University in China, recruited from July 2012 to June 2016, were randomly divided into four groups, the EA group, Qibei mixture group, combination group and medication group with 161 patients in each group. The patients in the EA group were treated with EA at zúsānlǐ（足三里ST36）. Gān shù（肝俞BL18）, Pǐshù（脾俞BL20）. Tàichōng（太冲LR36） and Qízhōngsìbiān（脐中四边）once daily for 4 weeks, while the patients in the Qibei mixture group were treated with 50 mL of Qibei mixture twice daily, the combination group with the above-mentioned EA and Qibei mixture, and the medication group with 1 tablet compound diphenoxylate twice, 3 g montmorillonite powder three times and 25 mg amitriptyline twice daily. The defecation frequencies, stool properties, accompanying symptom score, life quality score and adverse reactions were recorded pre-treatment,at the end of treatment and 6 weeks post-treatment for the four groups.Results： Compared with pre-treatment, the defecation frequencies, stool property score and accompanying symptom score were all decreased significantly at the end of treatment in each group（all P〈0.01）,while the scores of nine dimensions of quality of life were all increased significantly（all P〈0.01）. The above-mentioned indices were better in the combination group than in the other groups（all P〈0.05）.Compared with the end of treatment, no significant recurrences of the above-mentioned indices had occurred in the combination group or the EA group at 6 weeks post-treatment（both P〉0.05）, but these indices all recurred significantly in the group given Qibei mixture and the medication group（P〈0.05）.The short-and long-term total effective rates in the combination group both showed significant differences from those in the other groups（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. No serious adverse reactions occurred in the four groups.Conclusion： EA and Qibei mixture can decrease defecation frequencies, improve stool properties, and alleviate accompanying symptoms to increase life quality, but the therapeutic effect of combination therapy is greater, with better reliability and long-term efficacy.

电针丰隆穴调节血脂优化参数的研究

目的:研究电针丰隆穴调节血脂的参数(频率、强度、留针时间、治疗频次)主次地位及各水平的优劣,筛选出电针丰隆穴调节血脂的优化参数方案。方法:选取54例符合纳入标准的高脂血症患者,用抓阄方法随机分27组,采用正交试验设计法L27(313),研究电针频率、留针时间、治疗频次、强度的最佳组合。10次为一疗程,疗程间休息1周,共治疗2疗程。结果:(1)电针丰隆穴调节血脂各因素(参数)的主次顺序为:频率、留针时间、治疗间隔、强度。(2)电针丰隆穴调节血脂各项的优化参数方案分别为,甘油三酯:频率AM50Hz、留针20分钟、强度1mA、每周2次;总胆固醇:频率AM100Hz、留针30分钟、强度1mA、隔日1次;低密度脂蛋白:频率AM100Hz、留针30分钟、强度为病人舒适耐受、隔日1次。结论:电针丰隆穴调节血脂可根据患者情况选择电针参数。

电针丰隆穴治疗高脂血症的临床疗效

目的:观察电针丰隆穴对高脂血症的临床疗效,为腧穴主治提供临床依据。方法:108例高脂血症患者分为2组,电针组55例采用电针丰隆穴治疗,对照组53例口服普伐他汀片治疗,治疗前后检测2组患者血脂的变化。结果:2组各有50例患者完成29 d的临床观察。与治疗前比较,2组治疗后高密度脂蛋白胆固醇明显升高(P<0.05),与对照组比较,电针组升高更显著(P<0.05),而总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇等治疗前后比较则无显著变化;总有效率,电针组56.0%,对照组52.0%,2组比较差异无显著性意义。结论:电针丰隆穴和口服降脂药物均对高脂血症有较好的调整作用。

不同频率电针对大鼠坐骨神经损伤后神经与骨骼肌组织形态学的影响

目的:观察不同频率电针对再生过程中神经组织形态学以及失神经支配的腓肠肌肌细胞形态计量学的影响。方法:构建坐骨神经截断后神经再生室,以5Hz和100Hz电针刺激患侧环跳、足三里和三阴交穴,每次治疗10min,隔日一次,每周治疗3次,设对照组。各组治疗时间为14周。神经组织HE染色、神经纤维银染、髓鞘砂罗铬花青染色以及超微结构的观察电针治疗组和对照组的再生组织形态学变化;取腓肠肌组织HE染色,应用PixeraProPlus专业图像分析系统(美国产),测量肌细胞直径、截面积,取其平均值。结果:电针刺激能明显促进坐骨神经损伤后神经组织形态及失神经支配腓肠肌肌细胞的恢复,其中以5Hz电针组治疗效果最佳,从而说明电针是促进周围神经损伤再生的重要手段。

电针足三里和丰隆对高脂血症新西兰兔血脂影响

目的:探讨电针足三里和丰隆对新西兰兔实验性高脂血症的调脂作用。方法:清洁级新西兰兔24只随机数字法分为空白对照组、空白电针组、高脂对照组和高脂电针组各6只。造模喂养8周后,空白电针组和高脂电针组连续电针10 d,其余两组电针期间同法抓取固定,分别于造模前后,电针前后耳中央动脉采血,分离血清,7180型日立自动分析仪测定血脂四项水平。结果:(1)造模后高脂对照组和高脂电针组血脂TG、TC、LDL明显升高,HDL明显降低,差异有显著性意义,显示造模成功。(2)电针10 d后,高脂电针组血脂TC值明显降低,差异有显著性意义,TG、HDL-C和LDL-C变化不明显。其余组别血脂四项变化均不明显。结论:足三里和丰隆配穴电针能显著降低高脂血症新西兰兔的血清总胆固醇水平,可为临床降脂治疗提供参考。

电针不同频率和取穴对膀胱逼尿肌功能减弱的调节效应差异研究

目的:探讨电针不同频率和取穴调节膀胱逼尿肌功能减弱的效应差异,为电针治疗排尿障碍症穴位及电针参数的选择提供依据。方法:100只新西兰兔随机分为对照组、模型组、电针组(据穴位及电针频率分为中极2Hz和100Hz、三阴交2Hz和100Hz、曲池2Hz和100Hz6个亚组)。静脉输注0.05%山莨菪碱建立逼尿肌功能减弱模型,检测指标为各组充盈期膀胱内压波形及排尿期分时排尿速度。结果:1)中极2Hz、三阴交2Hz、曲池2Hz、三阴交100Hz组的排尿初速度显著大于模型组(P<0.05);2)所有2Hz电针组排尿速度随时间下降的速率均大于模型组(P<0.05);3)2Hz电针不同穴位加快初始排尿速度的效应存在穴位差异性,效应大小依次为:三阴交=中极>曲池。结论:1)电针可显著加快逼尿肌功能减弱模型排尿期的排尿速度;2)2Hz电针加快排尿速度的效应优于100Hz电针,且效应存在穴位差异性,三阴交和中极穴优于曲池穴。

Impacts of the different tissue specificities of the acupoints on electroacupuncture sensations

Objective To evaluate the influence of the tissue specificity of the acupoints （different meridians, tissues and nerve segments） on the frequency, intensity and current flow output in association with electroacupuncture （EA） sensations. Methods Twenty one volunteers received EA. According to the tissue specificities of acupoints, 5 acupoint pairs were selected, named Zúsānlǐ （足三里 ST 36） vs Yánglíngquán （阳陵泉 GB 34, different meridians）, Nèiguān （内关 PC 6） vs Dàlíng （大陵 PC 7, different tissues）, Zúsānlǐ （足三里 ST 36） vs Shuǐdào （水道 ST 28, different nerve segments）, Guānyuán （关元 CV 4） vs Zhōngwǎn （中脘 CV 12, different nerve segments）, and Zúsānlǐ （足三里 ST 36） vs Guānyuán （关元 CV 4, different meridians, tissues and nerve segments）. The electric frequency was 15 Hz. The electric current was under the subject’s tolerance without sharp pain induced. EA lasted 90 s with 3 discontinuities. The sensations, such as soreness, numbness, fullness/distention, heaviness, tingling, pressure, dull pain, hotness and coldness were recorded as well as the current flow output in association with the needling sensations. The differences in the frequency, intensity and current flow output relevant with the needling sensations were compared among the different acupoint pairs. Results There were no significant differences in the frequency of the needling sensations among the different acupoint pairs （all P〉0.05）. Of 9 different sensations of EA, fullness/distention, numbness and soreness presented the most commonly and remarkably; heaviness, pressure and tingling were on the second top; dull pain, hotness and coldness occurred at the lower frequency. There were the differences in the intensity of some needling sensations among the acupoint pairs, in which, the intensity of soreness, fullness/distention and heaviness was stronger at Zúsānlǐ （足三里 ST 36） vs Shuǐdào （水道 ST 28） （all P〈0.05）; the intensity of fullness / distention, and numbness was stronger at Zúsānlǐ （足三里 ST 36） vs Guānyuán （关元 CV 4） （P〈0.01）; the intensity of fullness/distention was stronger at Guānyuán （关元 CV 4） vs Zhōngwǎn （中脘 CV 12） （P〈0.05）. The current flow output of EA was similar among the acupoint pairs （all P〉0.05）. Conclusion In the situation that there is no obvious difference in the current flow output associated with EA sensations, the frequency of EA sensations does not relevant apparently with the different tissues. The difference in the intensity of the needling sensations among the different acupoints is probably relevant with the nerve segments at the acupoint locations. The frequency and the intensity of the different needling sensations at the same acupoint are relatively stable at the different times of EA.

纳洛酮和电针改善创伤应激大鼠的免疫功能

本工作研究了中枢阿片肽系统在手术创伤介导大鼠免疫功能低下效应中的作用以及电针对创伤介导的免疫功能低下效应的影响。在手术创伤大鼠模型上以自然杀伤细胞活性（NKactivity）、刀豆蛋白A诱导的脾淋巴细胞转化率和白介素-2（IL-2）诱生水平为指标，观察侧脑室注射（icv）阿片受体拮抗剂纳洛酮（naloxone）及电针穴位的作用。结果表明，创伤后大鼠的NK活性、脾淋巴细胞转化率和IL-2诱生水平均明显低于创伤前（P＜0．001，P＜0．05和P＜0．001）。纳洛酮（20μg,icv）明显地拮抗由创伤导致的NK活性和IL-2诱生水平抑制状态。电针足三里（St36），阑尾穴（Extra33）后明显改善创伤引起的NK活性、脾淋巴细胞转化率和IL-2诱生水平的抑制。提示中枢内阿片肽系统参与创伤应激介导的免疫功能低下，而电针具有调整创伤应激介导的免疫机能低下效应的作用。