Intrinsic topological defect engineering has been proven as a promising strategy to elevate the electrocatalytic activity of carbon materials.However,the controllable construction of high-density and specific topologi...Intrinsic topological defect engineering has been proven as a promising strategy to elevate the electrocatalytic activity of carbon materials.However,the controllable construction of high-density and specific topological defects in carbon frameworks to reveal the relationship between reactivity and defect structure remains a challenging task.Herein,the intrinsic pentagon carbon sites that can favor electron overflow and enhance their binding affinity towards the intermediates of catalytic reaction are firstly presented by the work function and the p-band center calculations.To experimentally verify this,the cage-opening reaction of fullerene is proposed and utilized for synthesizing carbon quantum dots with specific pentagon configuration(CQDs-P),subsequently utilizing CQDs-P to modulate the micro-scale defect density of three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide(rGO)viaπ-πinteractions.The multiple spatial-scale rGO-conjugated CQDs-P structure simultaneously possesses abundant pentagon and edge defects as catalytic active sites and long-range-orderedπelectron delocalization system as conductive network.The defects-rich CQDs-P/rGO-4 all-carbon-based catalyst exhibits superb catalytic activity for triiodide reduction reaction with a high photoelectric conversion efficiency of 8.40%,superior to the Pt reference(7.97%).Theoretical calculations suggest that pentagon defects in the carbon frameworks can promote charge transfer and modulate the adsorption/dissociation behavior of the reaction intermediates,thus enhancing the electrocatalytic activity of the catalyst.This work confirms the role of intrinsic pentagon defects in catalytic reactions and provides a new insight into the synthesis of defects-rich carbon catalysts.展开更多
Titanium based IrO2 +Ta2O5 oxide anodes with different compositions and pyrolysis temperatures were prepared by termodecompoisition method. By using X-ray diffraction (XRD), the structure and texture coefficient of th...Titanium based IrO2 +Ta2O5 oxide anodes with different compositions and pyrolysis temperatures were prepared by termodecompoisition method. By using X-ray diffraction (XRD), the structure and texture coefficient of the coatings, TC(hkl), of IrO2 rutile crystal have been tested. It showed that, the crystallization processes of IrO2 and Ta2O5 in xIrO2 +(100-x) Ta2 O5 (x is in mol%) films affected and confined each other.In the mixed system, IrO2 rutile phase existed as a solid solution with Ta, and attained the maximum solubility when x=70mol%, i.e. for the coating of 70% IrO2 +Ta2O5.For the coatings of low iridium content or at low preparing tem pemture, (110) and (101) pwtered orientations were dominant. However, preferred growth of IrO2 weakened with increasing either iridium content or temperature. Three typical surface morphologies were observed by using scanning electron tnicroscopy(SEM). The crystallite size of the mixed oxide coatings were finest for the the film of 70%IrO2 +30%Ta2O5,and decreased with the pyrolysis tempemture. As the results of the finest crystallite segregating on sudece and the maxitnum solid solubility of Ir and Ta component in deposits, the coatings with the composition of 70%IrO2 +Ta2O5 prepared at 450℃ presented the mdrimutn electrocatalgtic activitg for O2 evolution in 0. 5M H2SO4 solution.UP to 550℃, Ti base suffered to oxidation resulting in decreasing anode conductivity,therefore, coatings performed a low activity.展开更多
In this paper, Pt-Co_3O_4 nanocomposite was synthesized by a sol gel process combined with electrodeposition method. Its electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation was investigated at room temperature using ...In this paper, Pt-Co_3O_4 nanocomposite was synthesized by a sol gel process combined with electrodeposition method. Its electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation was investigated at room temperature using cyclic voltammetry(CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and current density time curve. It is found that the resultant Pt-Co_3O_4 catalysts with minute amount of Pt exhibite attractive electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation reaction(MOR) but with a high resistance CO poisoning due to the synergistic effects from Pt and Co_3O_4. Together with the low manufacturing cost of Co_3O_4, the reported nanostructured Pt-Co_3O_4 catalyst is expected to be a promising electrode material for direct methanol fuel cells(DMFC).展开更多
We present a straightforward physical approach for synthesizing multiwalled carbon nanotubes(CNTs)-Pd Au/Pt trimetallic nanoparticles(NPs), which allows predesign and control of the metal compositional ratio by simply...We present a straightforward physical approach for synthesizing multiwalled carbon nanotubes(CNTs)-Pd Au/Pt trimetallic nanoparticles(NPs), which allows predesign and control of the metal compositional ratio by simply adjusting the sputtering targets and conditions. The small-sized CNTs-Pd Au/Pt NPs(~3 nm, Pd/Au/Pt ratio of 3:1:2) act as nanocatalysts for the methanol oxidationreaction(MOR), showing excellent performance with electrocatalytic peak current of 4.4 A mg^(-1) Pt and high stability over 7000 s. The electrocatalytic activity and stability of the Pd Au/Pt trimetallic NPs are much superior to those of the corresponding Pd/Pt and Au/Pt bimetallic NPs,as well as a commercial Pt/C catalyst. Systematic investigation of the microscopic, crystalline, and electronic structure of the Pd Au/Pt NPs reveals alloying and charge redistribution in the Pd Au/Pt NPs, which are responsible for the promotion of the electrocatalytic performance.展开更多
Commercial carbon cloth(CC)is an ideal electrocatalysis material to produce oxygen evolution reaction(OER)due to its high conductive and 3D flexible structure,but the lacked active sites limit its application.For impr...Commercial carbon cloth(CC)is an ideal electrocatalysis material to produce oxygen evolution reaction(OER)due to its high conductive and 3D flexible structure,but the lacked active sites limit its application.For improving its OER performance,the present study proposed an effective method combining plasma and acid treatment to introduce oxygen-containing functional groups and produce more active sites on its surface.Compared to the pristine CC,the plasma and acid treated carbon cloth(PN-CC)delivers a reduced overpotential by 34.6%to achieve current density of 10 mA cm^(−2).The Tafel slope declines from 97.5 mV dec^(–1)(pristine CC)to 55.9 mV dec–1(PN-CC),showing an increased OER kinetic.Additionally,PN-CC electrocatalyst shows outstanding stability after 5000 cycles or 25000 s.The combination of plasma and acid treatment shows a significant potential in surface modification for electrocatalysts.展开更多
The preparation and electrocatalytic activity of polyaniline-poly ( propylene oxide ) ( PAN-PPO ) modified by Pt particles ( Pt/ PAN-PPO ) were investigated. Pt/ PAN-PPO was characterized by scanning electron mi...The preparation and electrocatalytic activity of polyaniline-poly ( propylene oxide ) ( PAN-PPO ) modified by Pt particles ( Pt/ PAN-PPO ) were investigated. Pt/ PAN-PPO was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy ( EDS ). Pt particles on PAN-PPO were in the nanometer range, and dispersed in a three-dimensional distribution on the surface of PAN-PPO film. Compared with polyaniline and glassy carbon modified with Pt particles under the same conditions, Pt/PAN-PPO exhibited a high electrocatalytic activity for lysine oxidation.展开更多
The metal vapor synthesis (MVS) methed was used to prepare activatedcarbon supported nickel electrode. The electrocatalytic activity of the electrode forhydrogen evolution reaction(HGR) in alkaline solution was studie...The metal vapor synthesis (MVS) methed was used to prepare activatedcarbon supported nickel electrode. The electrocatalytic activity of the electrode forhydrogen evolution reaction(HGR) in alkaline solution was studied. Cathodicpolarization curves showed the electrocatalytic activity of Ni/C electrode prepared byMVS method was higher than that of the one prepared by conventional method.展开更多
A spinel oxide NiCo204 prepared by thermal decomposition is of very high activity for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in alkaline solution.The oxygen evolution overpotential on NiCo204 is 0.252-0.262V in 10 M NaOH s...A spinel oxide NiCo204 prepared by thermal decomposition is of very high activity for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in alkaline solution.The oxygen evolution overpotential on NiCo204 is 0.252-0.262V in 10 M NaOH solution at 343K and current density 100 mAcm^(-2).展开更多
The oxidation of methanol was investigated on platinum-modified polyaniline electrode. Changes in the electrode rotation rates (Ω) during platinum electrodeposition remarkably affect the formation and distribution o...The oxidation of methanol was investigated on platinum-modified polyaniline electrode. Changes in the electrode rotation rates (Ω) during platinum electrodeposition remarkably affect the formation and distribution of platinum in the polymer matrix and consequently lead to different currents of methanol oxidation. The results show that platinum loading is proportional to rotation ratesΩ1/2.展开更多
The defect chemistry is successfully modulated on free-standing and binder-free carbon cathodes for highly efficient Li-S redox reactions.Such rationally regulated defect engineering realizes the synchronization of io...The defect chemistry is successfully modulated on free-standing and binder-free carbon cathodes for highly efficient Li-S redox reactions.Such rationally regulated defect engineering realizes the synchronization of ion/electron-conductive and defect-rich networks on the threedimension carbon cathode,leading to its tunable activity for both relieving the shuttle phenomenon and accelerating the sulfur redox reaction kinetics.As expected,the defective carbon cathode harvests a high rate capacity of 1217.8 mAh g^(-1)at 0.2 C and a superior capacity retention of61.7%at 2 C after 500 cycles.Even under the sulfur mass loading of 11.1 mg cm^(-2),the defective cathode still holds a remarkable areal capacity of 8.5 mAh cm^(-2).展开更多
In this study,advanced oxidation processes(AOPs) such as anodic oxidation(AO),UV/H_2O_2 and Fenton processes(FP) were investigated for the degradation of salicylic acid(SA) in lab-scale experiments.Boron-doped diamond...In this study,advanced oxidation processes(AOPs) such as anodic oxidation(AO),UV/H_2O_2 and Fenton processes(FP) were investigated for the degradation of salicylic acid(SA) in lab-scale experiments.Boron-doped diamond(BDD) film electrodes using Ta as substrates were employed for AO of SA.In the case of FP and UV/H_2O_2,most favorable experimental conditions were determined for each process and these were used for comparing with AO process.The study showed that the FP was the most effective process under aci...展开更多
An A1/Pb-0.3%Ag alloy composite anode was produced via composite casting. Its electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen evolution reaction and corrosion resistance was evaluated by anodic polarization curves and accele...An A1/Pb-0.3%Ag alloy composite anode was produced via composite casting. Its electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen evolution reaction and corrosion resistance was evaluated by anodic polarization curves and accelerated corro- sion test, respectively. The microscopic morphologies of the anode section and anodic oxidation layer during accelerated corrosion test were obtained by scanning electron microscopy. It is found that the composite anode (hard anodizing) dis- plays a more compact interracial combination and a better adhesive strength than plating tin. Compared with industrial Pb-0.3%Ag anodes, the oxygen evolution overpotentials of A1/Pb-0.3%Ag alloy (hard anodizing) and A1/Pb-0.3%Ag alloy (plating tin) at 500 A.m-2 were lower by 57 and 14 mV, respectively. Furthermore, the corrosion rates of Pb-0.3%Ag alloy, A1/Pb-0.3%Ag alloy (hard anodizing), and A1/Pb-0.3%Ag alloy (plating tin) were 13.977, 9.487, and 11.824 g.m-2.h-1, respectively, in accelerated corrosion test for 8 h at 2000 A-m-2. The anodic oxidation layer of A1/Pb-0.3%Ag alloy (hard anodizing) is more compact than Pb-0.3%Ag alloy and A1/Pb-0.3%Ag alloy (plating tin) after the test.展开更多
The recent development of Cu-based electrocatalysts for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide(CO) has attracted much attention due to their unique activity and selectivity compared to other metal catalysts. Pa...The recent development of Cu-based electrocatalysts for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide(CO) has attracted much attention due to their unique activity and selectivity compared to other metal catalysts. Particularly, Cu is the unique electrocatalyst for COelectrochemical reduction with high selectivity to generate a variety of hydrocarbons. In this review, we mainly summarize the recent advances on the rational design of Cu nanostructures, the composition regulation of Cu-based alloys, and the exploitation of advanced supports for improving the catalytic activity and selectivity toward electrochemical reduction of CO. The special focus is to demonstrate how to enhance the activity and selectivity of Cubased electrocatalyst for COreduction. The perspectives and challenges for the development of Cu-based electrocatalysts are also addressed. We hope this review can provide timely and valuable insights into the design of advanced electrocatalytic materials for COelectrochemical reduction.展开更多
The acid-proof anode Ti/SnO2+Mn2O3/PbO2 doped with Ce was prepared by thermal decomposition and electrodeposition combination technology, the effect of Ce on the morphology and structure of anode was also studied in t...The acid-proof anode Ti/SnO2+Mn2O3/PbO2 doped with Ce was prepared by thermal decomposition and electrodeposition combination technology, the effect of Ce on the morphology and structure of anode was also studied in this paper. The results obtained by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that PbO2 crystal grains presented honeycomb structure were formed on the electrode surface by doping with Ce. The specific surface areas and catalytic active sites of the Ce-PbO2 doped electrode were increased and the catalytic activity was evidently greater than the undoped one. However, when Ce was doped into the intermediate layer (SnO2+Mn2O3), a more cracked surface structure formed, thus leading electrode deactivation by passivation of the Ti-substrate. So the anodic stability was decreased according to the accelerated life tests.展开更多
The properties of Al/conductive coating/α-PbO2-CeO2-TiO2/β-PbO2-WC-ZrO2 composite anode for zinc electrowinning were investigated. The electrochemical performance was studied by Tafel polarization curves(Tafel), e...The properties of Al/conductive coating/α-PbO2-CeO2-TiO2/β-PbO2-WC-ZrO2 composite anode for zinc electrowinning were investigated. The electrochemical performance was studied by Tafel polarization curves(Tafel), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and corrosion rate obtained in an acidic zinc sulfate electrolyte solution. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDXS) were used to observe the microstructural features of coating. Anodes of Al/conductive coating/α-PbO2-CeO2-TiO2/β-PbO2, Al/conductive coating/α-PbO2-CeO2-TiO2/β-PbO2-WC, Al/conductive coating/α-PbO2-CeO2-TiO2/β-PbO2-ZrO2, and Pb-1%Ag anodes were also researched. The results indicated that the Al/conductive coating/α-PbO2-CeO2-TiO2/β-PbO2-WC-ZrO2 showed the best catalytic activity and corrosion resistant performance; the intensity of diffraction peak exhibited the highest value as well as a new PbWO4 phase; the content of WC and ZrO2 in coating showed the highest value as well as the finest grain size.展开更多
An easily manipulative approach was presented to fabricate electrodes using free-standing single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films grown directly by chemical vapor deposition. Electrochemical properties of the el...An easily manipulative approach was presented to fabricate electrodes using free-standing single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films grown directly by chemical vapor deposition. Electrochemical properties of the electrodes were investigated. In comparison with the post-deposited SWCNT papers, the directly grown SWCNT film electrodes manifested enhanced electrochemical properties and sensitivity of sensors as well as excellent electrocatalytic activities. A transition from macroelectrode to nanoelectrode behaviours was observed with the increase of scan rate. The heat treatment of the SWCNT film electrodes increased the current signals of electrochemical analyser and background current, because the heat-treatment of the SWCNTs in air could create more oxide defects on the walls of the SWCNTs and make the surfaces of SWCNTs more hydrophilic. The excellent electrochemical properties of the directly grown and heat-treated free-standing SWCNT film electrodes show the potentials in biological and electrocatalytic applications.展开更多
The single crystalline palladium nanocubes with an average size of 7 nm were prepared in the presence of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and KBr using the polyol method. The as-prepared Pd nanocubes were highly uni...The single crystalline palladium nanocubes with an average size of 7 nm were prepared in the presence of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and KBr using the polyol method. The as-prepared Pd nanocubes were highly uniform in both size and shape. The ordered packing structures including monolayer and multilayer can be fabricated via the rate-controlled evaporation of solution solvent. The electrochemical catalytic activity of these Pd nanocubes towards methanol oxidation was found to be higher than that of spherical Pd nanoparticles of similar size.展开更多
Nickel and La Ni alloy electrode materials prepared by metal vapor synthesis were studied by XRD, XPS and magnetic measurement. The experimental results show that La Ni alloy is formed from La and Ni powders. The pa...Nickel and La Ni alloy electrode materials prepared by metal vapor synthesis were studied by XRD, XPS and magnetic measurement. The experimental results show that La Ni alloy is formed from La and Ni powders. The particle size of La Ni alloy and Ni powders are very small with average diameter <4 nm. Nickel is mainly in zero valent state and lanthanum exists as both metallic La and La 2O 3. The cathodic polarization characteristics of the electrodes obtained from above powders in alkaline solutions were also studied. It is found that the La Ni alloy electrode has a higher electrocatalytic activity than the Ni and La electrodes.展开更多
The new complex, [Co2(adc)2(py)4(H2O)}n 1 (adc = 1,3-adamantanedicarboxylate, py = pyridine), has been hydrothermally synthesized as polymeric solid, and characterized by X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis,...The new complex, [Co2(adc)2(py)4(H2O)}n 1 (adc = 1,3-adamantanedicarboxylate, py = pyridine), has been hydrothermally synthesized as polymeric solid, and characterized by X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, IR spectra and thermogravimetric analysis. Complex 1 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 18.932(4), b = 19.779(4), c = 12.352(3) , β = 112.03(3)o, V = 4288(2) 3, Z = 4, GOF = 0.998, R = 0.0518 and wR = 0.1074. X-ray single-crystal analysis reveals that 1 presents a 3D simple parallel rod-like supramolecular array constructed by 1D tape-like polymeric motif through aromatic π-π stacking interaction. Electrochemical investigation shows that 1 exhibits appreciable electrocatalytic activity for the reduction reaction of nitrite.展开更多
基金partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078052)the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB4101602)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT22LAB612)。
文摘Intrinsic topological defect engineering has been proven as a promising strategy to elevate the electrocatalytic activity of carbon materials.However,the controllable construction of high-density and specific topological defects in carbon frameworks to reveal the relationship between reactivity and defect structure remains a challenging task.Herein,the intrinsic pentagon carbon sites that can favor electron overflow and enhance their binding affinity towards the intermediates of catalytic reaction are firstly presented by the work function and the p-band center calculations.To experimentally verify this,the cage-opening reaction of fullerene is proposed and utilized for synthesizing carbon quantum dots with specific pentagon configuration(CQDs-P),subsequently utilizing CQDs-P to modulate the micro-scale defect density of three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide(rGO)viaπ-πinteractions.The multiple spatial-scale rGO-conjugated CQDs-P structure simultaneously possesses abundant pentagon and edge defects as catalytic active sites and long-range-orderedπelectron delocalization system as conductive network.The defects-rich CQDs-P/rGO-4 all-carbon-based catalyst exhibits superb catalytic activity for triiodide reduction reaction with a high photoelectric conversion efficiency of 8.40%,superior to the Pt reference(7.97%).Theoretical calculations suggest that pentagon defects in the carbon frameworks can promote charge transfer and modulate the adsorption/dissociation behavior of the reaction intermediates,thus enhancing the electrocatalytic activity of the catalyst.This work confirms the role of intrinsic pentagon defects in catalytic reactions and provides a new insight into the synthesis of defects-rich carbon catalysts.
文摘Titanium based IrO2 +Ta2O5 oxide anodes with different compositions and pyrolysis temperatures were prepared by termodecompoisition method. By using X-ray diffraction (XRD), the structure and texture coefficient of the coatings, TC(hkl), of IrO2 rutile crystal have been tested. It showed that, the crystallization processes of IrO2 and Ta2O5 in xIrO2 +(100-x) Ta2 O5 (x is in mol%) films affected and confined each other.In the mixed system, IrO2 rutile phase existed as a solid solution with Ta, and attained the maximum solubility when x=70mol%, i.e. for the coating of 70% IrO2 +Ta2O5.For the coatings of low iridium content or at low preparing tem pemture, (110) and (101) pwtered orientations were dominant. However, preferred growth of IrO2 weakened with increasing either iridium content or temperature. Three typical surface morphologies were observed by using scanning electron tnicroscopy(SEM). The crystallite size of the mixed oxide coatings were finest for the the film of 70%IrO2 +30%Ta2O5,and decreased with the pyrolysis tempemture. As the results of the finest crystallite segregating on sudece and the maxitnum solid solubility of Ir and Ta component in deposits, the coatings with the composition of 70%IrO2 +Ta2O5 prepared at 450℃ presented the mdrimutn electrocatalgtic activitg for O2 evolution in 0. 5M H2SO4 solution.UP to 550℃, Ti base suffered to oxidation resulting in decreasing anode conductivity,therefore, coatings performed a low activity.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21273192, 91023010, 61204009, 21303153)Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Construction Projects of Henan Province (Grant No. 104100510001)+1 种基金the Program for Science & Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province (2008 HASTIT016)Henan Province Science and Technology Key Project (Grant No. 082102230036 and 122102210479)
文摘In this paper, Pt-Co_3O_4 nanocomposite was synthesized by a sol gel process combined with electrodeposition method. Its electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation was investigated at room temperature using cyclic voltammetry(CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and current density time curve. It is found that the resultant Pt-Co_3O_4 catalysts with minute amount of Pt exhibite attractive electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation reaction(MOR) but with a high resistance CO poisoning due to the synergistic effects from Pt and Co_3O_4. Together with the low manufacturing cost of Co_3O_4, the reported nanostructured Pt-Co_3O_4 catalyst is expected to be a promising electrode material for direct methanol fuel cells(DMFC).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61675143, 11661131002)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20160277)+2 种基金the Soochow University-Western University Joint Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Researchthe Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technologythe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
文摘We present a straightforward physical approach for synthesizing multiwalled carbon nanotubes(CNTs)-Pd Au/Pt trimetallic nanoparticles(NPs), which allows predesign and control of the metal compositional ratio by simply adjusting the sputtering targets and conditions. The small-sized CNTs-Pd Au/Pt NPs(~3 nm, Pd/Au/Pt ratio of 3:1:2) act as nanocatalysts for the methanol oxidationreaction(MOR), showing excellent performance with electrocatalytic peak current of 4.4 A mg^(-1) Pt and high stability over 7000 s. The electrocatalytic activity and stability of the Pd Au/Pt trimetallic NPs are much superior to those of the corresponding Pd/Pt and Au/Pt bimetallic NPs,as well as a commercial Pt/C catalyst. Systematic investigation of the microscopic, crystalline, and electronic structure of the Pd Au/Pt NPs reveals alloying and charge redistribution in the Pd Au/Pt NPs, which are responsible for the promotion of the electrocatalytic performance.
基金by Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee(No.JCYJ20180507182200750)。
文摘Commercial carbon cloth(CC)is an ideal electrocatalysis material to produce oxygen evolution reaction(OER)due to its high conductive and 3D flexible structure,but the lacked active sites limit its application.For improving its OER performance,the present study proposed an effective method combining plasma and acid treatment to introduce oxygen-containing functional groups and produce more active sites on its surface.Compared to the pristine CC,the plasma and acid treated carbon cloth(PN-CC)delivers a reduced overpotential by 34.6%to achieve current density of 10 mA cm^(−2).The Tafel slope declines from 97.5 mV dec^(–1)(pristine CC)to 55.9 mV dec–1(PN-CC),showing an increased OER kinetic.Additionally,PN-CC electrocatalyst shows outstanding stability after 5000 cycles or 25000 s.The combination of plasma and acid treatment shows a significant potential in surface modification for electrocatalysts.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20376074) and the Special Funds for the Major State BasicResearch Projects (2003CCA01300)
文摘The preparation and electrocatalytic activity of polyaniline-poly ( propylene oxide ) ( PAN-PPO ) modified by Pt particles ( Pt/ PAN-PPO ) were investigated. Pt/ PAN-PPO was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy ( EDS ). Pt particles on PAN-PPO were in the nanometer range, and dispersed in a three-dimensional distribution on the surface of PAN-PPO film. Compared with polyaniline and glassy carbon modified with Pt particles under the same conditions, Pt/PAN-PPO exhibited a high electrocatalytic activity for lysine oxidation.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50171063,20003009)Zhejang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.200053).
文摘The metal vapor synthesis (MVS) methed was used to prepare activatedcarbon supported nickel electrode. The electrocatalytic activity of the electrode forhydrogen evolution reaction(HGR) in alkaline solution was studied. Cathodicpolarization curves showed the electrocatalytic activity of Ni/C electrode prepared byMVS method was higher than that of the one prepared by conventional method.
文摘A spinel oxide NiCo204 prepared by thermal decomposition is of very high activity for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in alkaline solution.The oxygen evolution overpotential on NiCo204 is 0.252-0.262V in 10 M NaOH solution at 343K and current density 100 mAcm^(-2).
文摘The oxidation of methanol was investigated on platinum-modified polyaniline electrode. Changes in the electrode rotation rates (Ω) during platinum electrodeposition remarkably affect the formation and distribution of platinum in the polymer matrix and consequently lead to different currents of methanol oxidation. The results show that platinum loading is proportional to rotation ratesΩ1/2.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52172239)Project of State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials+2 种基金Southwest University of Science and Technology(Grant Nos.21fksy24 and 18ZD320304)Chongqing Talents:Exceptional Young Talents Project(Grant No.CQYC201905041)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing China(Grant No.cstc2021jcyj-jqX0031)。
文摘The defect chemistry is successfully modulated on free-standing and binder-free carbon cathodes for highly efficient Li-S redox reactions.Such rationally regulated defect engineering realizes the synchronization of ion/electron-conductive and defect-rich networks on the threedimension carbon cathode,leading to its tunable activity for both relieving the shuttle phenomenon and accelerating the sulfur redox reaction kinetics.As expected,the defective carbon cathode harvests a high rate capacity of 1217.8 mAh g^(-1)at 0.2 C and a superior capacity retention of61.7%at 2 C after 500 cycles.Even under the sulfur mass loading of 11.1 mg cm^(-2),the defective cathode still holds a remarkable areal capacity of 8.5 mAh cm^(-2).
文摘In this study,advanced oxidation processes(AOPs) such as anodic oxidation(AO),UV/H_2O_2 and Fenton processes(FP) were investigated for the degradation of salicylic acid(SA) in lab-scale experiments.Boron-doped diamond(BDD) film electrodes using Ta as substrates were employed for AO of SA.In the case of FP and UV/H_2O_2,most favorable experimental conditions were determined for each process and these were used for comparing with AO process.The study showed that the FP was the most effective process under aci...
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51004056)the Opening Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Inorganic Coating Materials,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KKZ6201152009)+2 种基金the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(No.20125314110011)the Applied Basic Research Foundation of Yunnan Province,China(No.2010ZC052)the Analysis and Testing Foundation of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Nos.2010203 and 2011173)
文摘An A1/Pb-0.3%Ag alloy composite anode was produced via composite casting. Its electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen evolution reaction and corrosion resistance was evaluated by anodic polarization curves and accelerated corro- sion test, respectively. The microscopic morphologies of the anode section and anodic oxidation layer during accelerated corrosion test were obtained by scanning electron microscopy. It is found that the composite anode (hard anodizing) dis- plays a more compact interracial combination and a better adhesive strength than plating tin. Compared with industrial Pb-0.3%Ag anodes, the oxygen evolution overpotentials of A1/Pb-0.3%Ag alloy (hard anodizing) and A1/Pb-0.3%Ag alloy (plating tin) at 500 A.m-2 were lower by 57 and 14 mV, respectively. Furthermore, the corrosion rates of Pb-0.3%Ag alloy, A1/Pb-0.3%Ag alloy (hard anodizing), and A1/Pb-0.3%Ag alloy (plating tin) were 13.977, 9.487, and 11.824 g.m-2.h-1, respectively, in accelerated corrosion test for 8 h at 2000 A-m-2. The anodic oxidation layer of A1/Pb-0.3%Ag alloy (hard anodizing) is more compact than Pb-0.3%Ag alloy and A1/Pb-0.3%Ag alloy (plating tin) after the test.
基金financially supported by the Natural Scientific Foundation of China(no.21503116)the Open Funds of the State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites,Beijing University of Chemical Technology(oic-201601008)+2 种基金the Qingdao Basic&Applied Research Project(15-9-1-100-jch)Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province(no.tsqn20161004)the Youth 1000 Talent Program of China
文摘The recent development of Cu-based electrocatalysts for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide(CO) has attracted much attention due to their unique activity and selectivity compared to other metal catalysts. Particularly, Cu is the unique electrocatalyst for COelectrochemical reduction with high selectivity to generate a variety of hydrocarbons. In this review, we mainly summarize the recent advances on the rational design of Cu nanostructures, the composition regulation of Cu-based alloys, and the exploitation of advanced supports for improving the catalytic activity and selectivity toward electrochemical reduction of CO. The special focus is to demonstrate how to enhance the activity and selectivity of Cubased electrocatalyst for COreduction. The perspectives and challenges for the development of Cu-based electrocatalysts are also addressed. We hope this review can provide timely and valuable insights into the design of advanced electrocatalytic materials for COelectrochemical reduction.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20476070,20771080)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (20031024 ,20041020)
文摘The acid-proof anode Ti/SnO2+Mn2O3/PbO2 doped with Ce was prepared by thermal decomposition and electrodeposition combination technology, the effect of Ce on the morphology and structure of anode was also studied in this paper. The results obtained by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that PbO2 crystal grains presented honeycomb structure were formed on the electrode surface by doping with Ce. The specific surface areas and catalytic active sites of the Ce-PbO2 doped electrode were increased and the catalytic activity was evidently greater than the undoped one. However, when Ce was doped into the intermediate layer (SnO2+Mn2O3), a more cracked surface structure formed, thus leading electrode deactivation by passivation of the Ti-substrate. So the anodic stability was decreased according to the accelerated life tests.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51564029,51504111,51504231,51364019)the Key Project of Yunnan Province Applied Basic Research Plan of China(No.2014FA024)
文摘The properties of Al/conductive coating/α-PbO2-CeO2-TiO2/β-PbO2-WC-ZrO2 composite anode for zinc electrowinning were investigated. The electrochemical performance was studied by Tafel polarization curves(Tafel), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and corrosion rate obtained in an acidic zinc sulfate electrolyte solution. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDXS) were used to observe the microstructural features of coating. Anodes of Al/conductive coating/α-PbO2-CeO2-TiO2/β-PbO2, Al/conductive coating/α-PbO2-CeO2-TiO2/β-PbO2-WC, Al/conductive coating/α-PbO2-CeO2-TiO2/β-PbO2-ZrO2, and Pb-1%Ag anodes were also researched. The results indicated that the Al/conductive coating/α-PbO2-CeO2-TiO2/β-PbO2-WC-ZrO2 showed the best catalytic activity and corrosion resistant performance; the intensity of diffraction peak exhibited the highest value as well as a new PbWO4 phase; the content of WC and ZrO2 in coating showed the highest value as well as the finest grain size.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe National Basic Research Program of China (GrantNo. 2005CB623602)+1 种基金the Fund of the Beijing Municipal Education Commission (Grant No. YB20108000101)the Key Item of Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KJCX2-YW-M01)
文摘An easily manipulative approach was presented to fabricate electrodes using free-standing single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films grown directly by chemical vapor deposition. Electrochemical properties of the electrodes were investigated. In comparison with the post-deposited SWCNT papers, the directly grown SWCNT film electrodes manifested enhanced electrochemical properties and sensitivity of sensors as well as excellent electrocatalytic activities. A transition from macroelectrode to nanoelectrode behaviours was observed with the increase of scan rate. The heat treatment of the SWCNT film electrodes increased the current signals of electrochemical analyser and background current, because the heat-treatment of the SWCNTs in air could create more oxide defects on the walls of the SWCNTs and make the surfaces of SWCNTs more hydrophilic. The excellent electrochemical properties of the directly grown and heat-treated free-standing SWCNT film electrodes show the potentials in biological and electrocatalytic applications.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60571045 and 50872147)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2007AA03Z035)
文摘The single crystalline palladium nanocubes with an average size of 7 nm were prepared in the presence of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and KBr using the polyol method. The as-prepared Pd nanocubes were highly uniform in both size and shape. The ordered packing structures including monolayer and multilayer can be fabricated via the rate-controlled evaporation of solution solvent. The electrochemical catalytic activity of these Pd nanocubes towards methanol oxidation was found to be higher than that of spherical Pd nanoparticles of similar size.
文摘Nickel and La Ni alloy electrode materials prepared by metal vapor synthesis were studied by XRD, XPS and magnetic measurement. The experimental results show that La Ni alloy is formed from La and Ni powders. The particle size of La Ni alloy and Ni powders are very small with average diameter <4 nm. Nickel is mainly in zero valent state and lanthanum exists as both metallic La and La 2O 3. The cathodic polarization characteristics of the electrodes obtained from above powders in alkaline solutions were also studied. It is found that the La Ni alloy electrode has a higher electrocatalytic activity than the Ni and La electrodes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50971063)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (2003F006, 2010J01042)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry of China
文摘The new complex, [Co2(adc)2(py)4(H2O)}n 1 (adc = 1,3-adamantanedicarboxylate, py = pyridine), has been hydrothermally synthesized as polymeric solid, and characterized by X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, IR spectra and thermogravimetric analysis. Complex 1 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 18.932(4), b = 19.779(4), c = 12.352(3) , β = 112.03(3)o, V = 4288(2) 3, Z = 4, GOF = 0.998, R = 0.0518 and wR = 0.1074. X-ray single-crystal analysis reveals that 1 presents a 3D simple parallel rod-like supramolecular array constructed by 1D tape-like polymeric motif through aromatic π-π stacking interaction. Electrochemical investigation shows that 1 exhibits appreciable electrocatalytic activity for the reduction reaction of nitrite.