Study on the treatment of dysphagia after stroke with electromyographic biofeedback intensive training

BACKGROUND Dysphagia,or swallowing disorder,is a common complication following stroke,significantly impacting patients'quality of life.Electromyographic biofeedback(EMGBF)therapy has emerged as a potential rehabilitation technique to improve swallowing function,but its efficacy in comparison with conventional treatments remains to be further explored.AIM To investigate the effects of different treatment intensities of EMGBF on swallowing function and motor speed after stroke.METHODS The participants were divided into three groups,all of which received routine neurological drug therapy and motor function rehabilitation training.On the basis of routine swallowing disorder training,the EMGBF group received additional EMGBF training,while the enhanced EMGBF group received two additional training sessions.Four weeks before and after treatment,the degree of swallowing disorder was evaluated using the degree of swallowing disorder score(VGF)and the Rosenbek penetration-aspiration scale(PAS).RESULTS Initially,there was no significant difference in VGF and PAS scores among the groups(P>0.05).After four weeks,all groups showed significant improvement in both VGF scores and PAS scores.Furthermore,the standardized swallowing assessment and videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale scores also improved significantly post-treatment,indicating enhanced swallowing function and motor function of the hyoid-bone laryngeal complex,particularly in the intensive EMGBF group.CONCLUSION EMGBF training is more effective than traditional swallowing training in improving swallowing function and the movement rate of the hyoid laryngeal complex in patients with post-stroke dysphagia.

The Efficacy of Electromyographic Biofeedback Combined with Swallowing Training on Post- Stroke Dysphagia

Objective:This paper focuses on the research and discussion of the efficacy of electromyographic biofeedback combined with swallowing training on post-stroke dysphagia.Methods:This study randomly sampled and analyzed 68 patients with post-stroke dysphagia from January 2023 to December 2023,34 cases of swallowing training intervention were grouped as the control group,and 34 cases of electromyography biofeedback combined with swallowing training intervention were grouped as the study group,and the clinical therapeutic effects of the two groups of patients after receiving the two different modes of intervention were compared.Results:The swallowing function of patients in both groups improved,and the VFSS score of patients in the seminar group was significantly higher than that of the control group,indicating that the clinical efficacy of the seminar group was more significant.The nasal feeding tube extraction rate,extraction time,and quality of life scores of the seminar group were better than those of the control group(P<0.05),which is of research value.Conclusion:For patients with post-stroke dysphagia,treatment with electromyography biofeedback combined with swallowing training mode can significantly improve their swallowing function.This effective intervention can not only shorten the time for patients to remove the nasal feeding tube but also help to improve the quality of life of patients,which is worth using.

基于sEMG的手指康复治疗的信号处理研究

手指功能在日常生活中特别重要,特别是在一些需要抓取和一些较为精细的动作中,对日常生活质量有着不可忽视的影响。而目前临床针对手指功能康复的治疗模式主要采用辅助设备康复,而这种模式又较为枯燥。提出了一种通过采集表面肌电信号(sEMG)的方式,使得手指功能受损的患者可以脱离现有比较枯燥的治疗方式,同时也更有利于患者其他功能例如神经系统功能的恢复。采用肌电信号公开数据集,对原始肌电信号做相关的预处理,同时采用matlab仿真的方式验证预处理的正确性;并通过临床实验采集患者肌电信号的方式验证使用目前的肌电传感器对运动意图分析的可行性。

World Class Elite Breaststrokers Downward Kick EMG Muscle Activity of the Gluteus Maximus, Quadriceps Femoris, Hamstring, Gastrocnemius Medialis, Rectus Abdominal, and Erector Spinae

This study analyzed the difference between using a downward breaststroke kick and a horizontal breaststroke kick in a sample of world class elite swimmers.We compared average muscle activity of the gluteus maximus,quadriceps femoris(vastus medialis and rectus femoris),hamstring/long head of the biceps femoris,gastrocnemius medialis,rectus abdominal,and erector spinae when using the downward breaststroke kick technique.We find that when this sample of swimmers utilized the downward breaststroke kick,max speed and velocity per stroke increased,measured by 12,788 EMG samples,where the results are highly correlated to duration of the aerodynamic buoyant force in breaststroke kick technique.The increases in performance observed from measuring the world class elite swimmers is highly correlated to the duration of the kick aerodynamic buoyant force.Among this sample of elite swimmers,the longer a swimmer demonstrates a buoyant force breaststroke kick,the lower the time in a 100 breaststroke.

基于sEMG的快递职业上装与肌肉疲劳度关系的研究

为了研究快递员职业上装与肌肉疲劳度之间的关系,以顺丰速运有限公司的夏、秋两套职业装为例,招募了7名男性受试者来模拟快递员的行为特征,测量了受试者工作状态下指伸肌、肱二头肌长头、斜方肌3个肌群的表面肌电信号,运用统计学分析方法分析了工作状态中的肌肉疲劳特征。在模拟快递员工作的实验中,结合受试者的主观分析及表面肌电信号数据可知,肱二头肌长头相比其他测试部位肌肉疲劳感最为强烈,穿着样衣2^(#)时的疲劳感比穿着样衣1^(#)时显著增加(p<0.05)。研究结果可为快递员职业上装的版型设计提供参考。

基于sEMG信号和BPNN算法的机械臂控制系统设计

为了解决市场康复假肢功能单一、使用效果极差和价格昂贵等缺点,提出一种基于表面肌电信号的机械手控制系统。该系统主要分为两部分:一部分是基于Cortex-M4系列的肌电信号采集、预处理、BP神经网络分类的信号处理系统;另一部分是基于Cortex-M3系列的机械手臂控制系统。信号处理系统发出控制命令无线传输到机械臂,控制6舵机自由度的机械臂,实现6个动作的展示。试验结果证明:该系统能够实现6个动作的自学习,成功率在80%以上,系统有一定的应用价值。

Local wavelet-based filtering of electromyographic signals to eliminate the electrocardiographic-induced artifacts in patients with spinal cord injury

Surface Electromyography (EMG) is a standard method used in clinical practice and research to assess motor function in order to help with the diagnosis of neuromuscular pathology in human and animal models. EMG recorded from trunk muscles involved in the activity of breathing can be used as a direct measure of respiratory motor function in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) or other disorders associated with motor control deficits. However, EMG potentials recorded from these muscles are often contaminated with heart-induced electrocardiographic (ECG) signals. Elimination of these artifacts plays a critical role in the precise measure of the respiratory muscle electrical activity. This study was undertaken to find an optimal approach to eliminate the ECG artifacts from EMG recordings. Conventional global filtering can be used to decrease the ECG-induced artifact. However, this method can alter the EMG signal and changes physiologically relevant information. We hypothesize that, unlike global filtering, localized removal of ECG artifacts will not change the original EMG signals. We develop an approach to remove the ECG artifacts without altering the amplitude and frequency components of the EMG signal by using an externally recorded ECG signal as a mask to locate areas of the ECG spikes within EMG data. These segments containing ECG spikes were decomposed into 128 sub-wavelets by a custom-scaled Morlet Wavelet Transform. The ECG-related subwavelets at the ECG spike location were removed and a de-noised EMG signal was reconstructed. Validity of the proposed method was proven using mathematical simulated synthetic signals and EMG obtained from SCI patients. We compare the Rootmean Square Error and the Relative Change in Variance between this method, global, notch and adaptive filters. The results show that the localized wavelet-based filtering has the benefit of not introducing error in the native EMG signal and accurately removing ECG artifacts from EMG signals.

基于sEMG-JASA的脊柱手术器械操作肌肉疲劳度测评

基于时频联合分析法(JASA),开展基于表面肌电信号的脊柱手术器械上肢操作肌肉疲劳评估研究,完成脊柱手术器械优化前后操作舒适性的对比测评。共招募17名受试者分别采集其肱桡肌和肱二头肌的表面肌电信号,选取5种优化前后的手术器械进行数据对比,基于RMS和MF特征值计算相同任务下各组器械的操作疲劳时间占比。结果表明完成相同操作任务时,优化前手术器械的操作疲劳时间显著高于优化后器械(P<0.05);操作同一器械,肱桡肌和肱二头肌疲劳状态无显著性差异(P>0.05),这为手术器械的人因学设计及疲劳损伤防护等提供客观数据及参考。

ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC CHANGES BEFORE AND AFTER ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY

Objective To improve the lunctional occiusion afer orthognathic operation, the contractiiities of masseter, temporalis and digastric muscles were studied before and after surgery. Methods By means of integrated electromyogram (EMG), bioelectric potentials and EMG activities of these 3 muscles were recorded. ResuIts Signilicant decreases in bioelectric potentials and EMG activities belore and after surgery were observed in working muscles. No doflerence was noted in resting muscles. ConcIusion Postoperative malocclusion necessitates postoperative orthodontic treatment.

Surface Electromyographic Study of Peroneus Longus Activation during Ankle Eversion and Heel Lift

Prophylactic and rehabilitative ankle training programs rarely incorporate ankle eversion exercises of the weight bearing leg during one-legged stand. Such training may be necessary for the optimal PL function and dynamic ankle control. In this study, we compared a PL exercise that involved eversion of the inverted ankle of a weight bearing leg against the heel lift (HL), a popular PL strengthening exercise. The PL activation patterns were studied in 20 university students (7 male and 13 female). The self-reported dominant legs of the subjects were tested in this study. After recording the surface electromyographic (EMG) activity level of their PL maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC), the subjects performed HL, and ankle eversions of the weight bearing ankle during one-legged stand. Ankle eversions were initiated from two inverted ankle positions, 20 degree inversion (EV1) and 25 degree inversion (EV2). The ankle position and the PL muscle activity were recorded with an accelerometer affixed to the dorsum of the foot and a surface EMG electrode over PL respectively. The ranges of motion for HL, EV1, and EV2 were 25, 29, and 31 degrees respectively. Expressed as percentage of MVIC, the average normalized EMG linear envelopes for EV1 (73%) and EV2 (74%) were significantly greater than HL (64%). These results demonstrated that eversions of the inverted ankle of the weight bearing leg elicited stronger PL activation that may result in better lateral ankle strength and dynamic control. Incorporation of weight bearing ankle eversions may enhance effectiveness of PL exercise and balance.

Decomposition of Surface Electromyographic Signal Using Hidden Markov Model

The detection of physiological signals from the motor system （electromyographic signals） is being utilized in the practice clinic to guide the therapist in a more precise and accurate diagnosis of motor disorders. In this context, the process of decomposition of EMG （electromyographic） signals that includes the identification and classification of MUAP （Motor Unit Action Potential） of a EMG signal, is very important to help the therapist in the evaluation of motor disorders. The EMG decomposition is a complex task due to EMG features depend on the electrode type （needle or surface）, its placement related to the muscle, the contraction level and the health of the Neuromuscular System. To date, the majority of researches on EMG decomposition utilize EMG signals acquired by needle electrodes, due to their advantages in processing this type of signal. However, relatively few researches have been conducted using surface EMG signals. Thus, this article aims to contribute to the clinical practice by presenting a technique that permit the decomposition of surface EMG signal via the use of Hidden Markov Models. This process is supported by the use of differential evolution and spectral clustering techniques. The developed system presented coherent results in： （1） identification of the number of Motor Units actives in the EMG signal; （2） presentation of the morphological patterns of MUAPs in the EMG signal; （3） identification of the firing sequence of the Motor Units. The model proposed in this work is an advance in the research area of decomposition of surface EMG signals.

Back Muscle Electromyographic Changes in Rehabilitation of Occupational Low Back Pain

This study is to investigate the changes of back muscle electromyography (EMG) in occupational low back pain (LBP) patients pre-and post-rehabilitation.20 occupational LBP patients were asked to perform sepcially designed symmetrical and asymmetrical actions,which include"carrying"weights up and down with a 45° left rotation.Back muscle EMG signals were recorded from surface of paraspinal muscles.The tests performed in the weeks immediately before and after 12-week rehabilitation treatment.The profile and mean power frequency (MPF) of EMG were compared between pre-and post-rehabilitation.EMG profiles showed unchangeable,but the MPF showed significantly increase in post-rehabilitation comparing to pre-rehabilitation.That suggested that the muscle activity strategies could not be modified by rehabilitation,but the rehabilitation would increase the threshold of fatigue and reduce the possible muscle pain in back paraspinal muscles.

A Hybrid Model Based on ResNet and GCN for sEMG-Based Gesture Recognition

The surface electromyography(sEMG)is one of the basic processing techniques to the gesture recognition because of its inherent advantages of easy collection and non-invasion.However,limited by feature extraction and classifier selection,the adaptability and accuracy of the conventional machine learning still need to promote with the increase of the input dimension and the number of output classifications.Moreover,due to the different characteristics of sEMG data and image data,the conventional convolutional neural network(CNN)have yet to fit sEMG signals.In this paper,a novel hybrid model combining CNN with the graph convolutional network(GCN)was constructed to improve the performance of the gesture recognition.Based on the characteristics of sEMG signal,GCN was introduced into the model through a joint voting network to extract the muscle synergy feature of the sEMG signal.Such strategy optimizes the structure and convolution kernel parameters of the residual network(ResNet)with the classification accuracy on the NinaPro DBl up to 90.07%.The experimental results and comparisons confirm the superiority of the proposed hybrid model for gesture recognition from the sEMG signals.

肌电生物反馈治疗早期脑卒中偏瘫患者上肢功能障碍的疗效分析

目的:探讨肌电生物反馈治疗早期脑卒中偏瘫患者上肢功能障碍的疗效。方法:选取2019年11月—2020年1月于吉林大学第二医院康复医学科早期脑卒中偏瘫后上肢功能障碍患者42例,随机分为对照组20例和观察组22例,所有患者均接受常规康复治疗(物理治疗、作业治疗、针灸治疗),观察组在常规康复治疗的基础上,加用上肢腕伸肌群肌电生物反馈治疗。两组于治疗前、治疗后分别采用日常生活活动(ADLs)评分、肌电生物反馈(EMG)波幅、Brunnstrom分期、Fugl-Meyer运动功能量表(FMA)对偏瘫患者的上肢功能进行评定。结果:观察组治疗后ADLs评分、EMG波幅、Fugl-Meyer评分均高于治疗前(P<0.05),且均高于对照组(P<0.01);观察组Brunnstrom分期上肢功能达到IV级及以上者多于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:肌电生物反馈疗法有助于早期脑卒中偏瘫患者上肢运动功能恢复,提高患者日常生活能力。

基于多模态轻量化混合模型的情绪识别

实现更加准确的情绪识别是当前面临的一项富含挑战性且十分有意义的任务。由于情绪的复杂多样性,单一模态的脑电信号难以对情绪进行全面客观的度量。因此本文提出一种多模态轻量化混合模型PCA-MWReliefFGAPSO-SVM,该混合模型由PCA-MWReliefF特征通道选择器和GAPSO-SVM分类器构成。选用脑电信号(EEG)、肌电信号(EMG)、体温信号(TEM)三模态信号进行情绪识别。在DEAP公共数据集上进行多次实验验证,在效价维度、唤醒维度和四分类中分别取得了97.5000%、95.8333%、95.8333%的分类准确率。实验结果表明,提出的混合模型有助于提高情绪识别准确率且明显优于单模态情绪识别。与近期的类似工作相比,本文提出的混合模型具有较高准确率、计算量小且通道数少的优点,更易于实际应用。

基于背部受压分区的小学生书包背板设计研究

针对小学生书包背板设计不合理引起的背部疼痛和脊柱侧弯的问题,提出了基于背部受压分区的小学生书包背板三维造型设计。首先,通过对人体背部主要受压区域进行分区,记录受试者背部各区域肌肉群在受压前后完成相应动作的表面肌电信号,分析目标肌肉群的适能性;然后,运用人体测量学方法采集用户的标准背部数据(n=240),结合背部各区域肌肉群的适能性设计书包背板的三维造型并制作样机;最后,召集受试者通过体压分布实验及主观评价对样机与竞品进行验证。实验结果表明:斜方肌和背阔肌区域受压能力较好,竖脊肌区域受压能力较差。样机书包能够把背负压力合理分配到背部分区上,有效避免因压力集中引起的不适和肌肉损伤等危害。

基于人体运动意图理解的机器人仿真教学研究

传统机器人课程侧重于理论知识而忽略了实际的工程应用,学生通常缺乏足够的实践经验,只是在理论层面了解机器人的原理,没有机会真正动手操控和编程实际的机器人系统。在本文的机器人仿真教学研究中,引入肌电信号作为控制源,利用MATLAB软件中的Robotics工具箱进行仿真可视化案例设计。学生能够在仿真环境中直观地感受肌电信号与机械臂控制之间的关联,加深对理论知识的理解,培养了动手实践和问题解决能力。

肌电信号控制的智能小车实验平台设计

肌电信号是人体肌群在运动时产生的一种微弱信号,该信号蕴藏着与运动相关的控制信息源。提出了一种基于肌电信号的智能小车控制系统。该系统由肌电信号采集模块、无线传输模块、小车控制模块和显示模块等组成。整个系统分为主从两部分。主机采用STM32F103ZET6微处理器对肌电信号进行多通道采集,提取所采集信号的特征值。将特征值分为测试集和训练集,并对不同手势信号贴上对应的标签,使用K最近邻(KNN)算法对测试集进行准确度分析以实现对不同手势的识别。识别结果通过无线传输模块发送给从机小车,小车接收到主机发送的内容后进行相应的动作。测试结果表明,所提出的方法在不同时间段信号采集的平均准确率可达91.14%以上,系统具有很好的鲁棒性。

羽毛球运动训练对航母舰载机飞行学员颈痛的干预效果研究

目的评估羽毛球运动对舰载机飞行学员颈痛的干预效果,为该运动预防和缓解舰载机飞行学员颈痛提供科学依据。方法根据纳入和排除标准筛选16名航母舰载机飞行学员作为受试者,随机分为运动康复组和对照组,每组各8人。运动康复组除进行部队日常训练外,另进行每周3次,每次1 h的羽毛球运动;对照组进行部队日常训练,不做其他干预。研究为期3个月。颈痛的干预效果以实验前后颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)评分、视觉模拟疼痛量表(VAS)、颈椎活动度(CROM)、颈部最大肌力、表面肌电信号均方根值(RMS)、积分肌电值(iEMG)作为评价指标。结果运动康复组NDI评分较干预前具有显著性差异(P<0.05),对照组NDI评分较干预前无显著性差异(P>0.05)。运动康复组VAS评分较干预前有显著性差异(P<0.01),对照组VAS评分较干预前无显著性差异(P>0.05)。运动康复组受试者干预后颈椎最大活动度在各方向均有所增加,且左屈、右屈活动度较干预前具有显著性差异(P<0.05),其余方向无显著性差异(P>0.05);对照组颈椎各方向最大活动度较干预前无显著性差异(P>0.05)。运动康复组受试者颈部最大肌力在前屈、后伸、左屈方向较干预前具有显著性差异(P<0.01),右屈、左旋、右旋值较干预前具有显著性差异(P<0.05);左右侧胸锁乳突肌RMS在四个方向动作中无显著性差异(P>0.05),左侧斜方肌上束在前屈和右屈动作中RMS具有显著性差异(P<0.05),在后伸和左屈动作中无显著性差异(P>0.05),右侧斜方肌上束在四个方向动作中无显著性差异(P>0.05)。运动康复组受试者干预后在前屈、后伸以及右屈运动中,4块肌肉iEMG均大于干预前,但无显著性差异(P>0.05)。在左屈动作中,左侧胸锁乳突肌与右侧斜方肌上束iEMG大于干预后,右侧胸锁乳突肌和左侧斜方肌上束iEMG小于干预后,但均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论羽毛球运动干预能够缓解航母舰载机飞行学员的颈部疼痛,使其颈椎功能障碍得到一定程度的恢复,并且能够增加颈部灵活性,增强颈部肌力,同时激活深层肌肉参与维持颈部稳定,有效提升颈部肌肉群的抗疲劳能力。