Elegant Ince-Gaussian beams, which are the exact solutions of the paraxial wave equation in a quadratic-index medium, are derived in elliptical coordinates. These kinds of beams are the alternative form of standard In...Elegant Ince-Gaussian beams, which are the exact solutions of the paraxial wave equation in a quadratic-index medium, are derived in elliptical coordinates. These kinds of beams are the alternative form of standard Ince-Gaussian beams and they display better symmetry between the ]nce-polynomials and the Gaussian function in mathematics. The transverse intensity distribution and the phase of the elegant Ince Gaussian beams are discussed.展开更多
A novel class of optical breathers, called elegant Ince-Gaussian breathers, are presented in this paper. They are exact analytical solutions to Snyder and Mitchell＇s mode in an elliptic coordinate system, and their t...A novel class of optical breathers, called elegant Ince-Gaussian breathers, are presented in this paper. They are exact analytical solutions to Snyder and Mitchell＇s mode in an elliptic coordinate system, and their transverse structures are described by Ince-polynomials with complex arguments and a Gaussian function. We provide convincing evidence for the correctness of the solutions and the existence of the breathers via comparing the analytical solutions with numerical simulation of the nonlocal nonlinear SchrSdinger equation.展开更多
The continuing growth in the number of adults aged 60-plus has raised global alertness of population restructuring.This demographic change,on the one hand,reduces productivity and increases public expenditure due to a...The continuing growth in the number of adults aged 60-plus has raised global alertness of population restructuring.This demographic change,on the one hand,reduces productivity and increases public expenditure due to aging,resulting in prejudice,bias,misrepresentation,and discrimination against them.On the other hand,it develops a specific consumer market segment and extends the availability and accessibility of the elderly through employment,volunteering,or grandparenting.This study argues against the stigmatization of this age group from a functional perspective that damages social cohesion.It advocates a humanistic view toward seniors to eradicate marginalization and promotes the manageability of the senior population.With the aid of advanced technology and health equity,senior adults can retain everyday competence for self-care with dignity,as well as gracefully attain physical and psychological health,autonomy,and well-being in their later life.All these considerations give medical and nursing professionals insight into how to take care of the elderly.展开更多
Background:The Elegant Pitta(Pitta elegans)complex displays a remarkable diversity of morphological and bioacoustic traits across five taxa currently recognized as subspecies.They differ in plumage characteristics(suc...Background:The Elegant Pitta(Pitta elegans)complex displays a remarkable diversity of morphological and bioacoustic traits across five taxa currently recognized as subspecies.They differ in plumage characteristics(such as red versus black belly patches;supercilium color and extent;and white versus black throats),in lifestyle(resident versus migratory)and in vocalizations.We investigated the morphological,bioacoustic and ecological differences across all taxa after recent studies demostrated the importance of these traits in recognizing biological species limits across pittas.Methods:Morphometric analysis was carried out by measuring tarsus,wing,tail and bill lengths of 15 specimens at the Natural History Museum,UK,and plumages were inspected across 106 unique individuals from four different repositories.Bioacoustic analysis was based on 134 range-wide sound recordings.Two types of calls,territorial calls and alarm calls,were analyzed using different sets of parameters.Principal component analysis and the Isler Criterion were applied to the measurements.Playback trials were conducted to explore the levels of response of each taxon to the call types of the other taxa.Results:The territorial call of concinna exhibits a distinct two-element motif,while elegans,maria and virginalis utter a three-element motif in which the first two elements are given in quick succession.On the other hand,vigorsii,produces both two-element and three-element motifs with longer breaks in between elements.As further corroborated by the playback trials,the three taxa elegans,virginalis and maria form a tight vocal cluster,whereas each concinna and vigorsii are distinct.The alarm call turned out to be less diagnostic even though most taxa did roughly separate into different vocal clusters.Morphometric analysis failed to produce strong differences,but plumage distinctions among multiple taxa are pronounced.Conclusions:We suggest splitting the Elegant Pitta into three biological species based on bioacoustic and—less so—plumage evidence:(1)Temminck’s Elegant Pitta P.elegans(including subspecies elegans,virginalis and maria),(2)Wallace’s Elegant Pitta P.concinna(monotypic),and(3)Banda Elegant Pitta P.vigorsii(monotypic).展开更多
This paper deals with a new family of coupled wave equations which are basically nonlinear in nature. An analytical study enables us to show that these equations exhibit solitary wave profiles. Finally some remarks ar...This paper deals with a new family of coupled wave equations which are basically nonlinear in nature. An analytical study enables us to show that these equations exhibit solitary wave profiles. Finally some remarks are drawn from the standpoint of atmospheric problem.展开更多
Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral, analytical propagation expressions for the rms beam width and angular of partially coherent elegant Hermite cosh Caussian beam （EHChCB） in non-Kolmogorov turbulence ar...Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral, analytical propagation expressions for the rms beam width and angular of partially coherent elegant Hermite cosh Caussian beam （EHChCB） in non-Kolmogorov turbulence are derived. The effects of exponent value, inner and outer scales of non-Kolmogorov turbulence on partially coherent EFIChGB are investigated quantitatively.展开更多
Nine years ago when I first arrived in Beijing to attend college from a small town, I met girls that were so bright and versatile that I felt ignorant and an ugly duckling. I tried to cheer up by reminding myself that...Nine years ago when I first arrived in Beijing to attend college from a small town, I met girls that were so bright and versatile that I felt ignorant and an ugly duckling. I tried to cheer up by reminding myself that I was an outstanding high school student, but to no avail.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.10904041 and 10674050)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No.20094407110008)the Specialized Research Fund for Growing Seedlings of the Higher Education in Guangdong Province,China (Grant No.C10087)
文摘Elegant Ince-Gaussian beams, which are the exact solutions of the paraxial wave equation in a quadratic-index medium, are derived in elliptical coordinates. These kinds of beams are the alternative form of standard Ince-Gaussian beams and they display better symmetry between the ]nce-polynomials and the Gaussian function in mathematics. The transverse intensity distribution and the phase of the elegant Ince Gaussian beams are discussed.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11074080 and 10904041)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20094407110008)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China (Grant No. 10151063101000017)
文摘A novel class of optical breathers, called elegant Ince-Gaussian breathers, are presented in this paper. They are exact analytical solutions to Snyder and Mitchell＇s mode in an elliptic coordinate system, and their transverse structures are described by Ince-polynomials with complex arguments and a Gaussian function. We provide convincing evidence for the correctness of the solutions and the existence of the breathers via comparing the analytical solutions with numerical simulation of the nonlocal nonlinear SchrSdinger equation.
文摘The continuing growth in the number of adults aged 60-plus has raised global alertness of population restructuring.This demographic change,on the one hand,reduces productivity and increases public expenditure due to aging,resulting in prejudice,bias,misrepresentation,and discrimination against them.On the other hand,it develops a specific consumer market segment and extends the availability and accessibility of the elderly through employment,volunteering,or grandparenting.This study argues against the stigmatization of this age group from a functional perspective that damages social cohesion.It advocates a humanistic view toward seniors to eradicate marginalization and promotes the manageability of the senior population.With the aid of advanced technology and health equity,senior adults can retain everyday competence for self-care with dignity,as well as gracefully attain physical and psychological health,autonomy,and well-being in their later life.All these considerations give medical and nursing professionals insight into how to take care of the elderly.
文摘Background:The Elegant Pitta(Pitta elegans)complex displays a remarkable diversity of morphological and bioacoustic traits across five taxa currently recognized as subspecies.They differ in plumage characteristics(such as red versus black belly patches;supercilium color and extent;and white versus black throats),in lifestyle(resident versus migratory)and in vocalizations.We investigated the morphological,bioacoustic and ecological differences across all taxa after recent studies demostrated the importance of these traits in recognizing biological species limits across pittas.Methods:Morphometric analysis was carried out by measuring tarsus,wing,tail and bill lengths of 15 specimens at the Natural History Museum,UK,and plumages were inspected across 106 unique individuals from four different repositories.Bioacoustic analysis was based on 134 range-wide sound recordings.Two types of calls,territorial calls and alarm calls,were analyzed using different sets of parameters.Principal component analysis and the Isler Criterion were applied to the measurements.Playback trials were conducted to explore the levels of response of each taxon to the call types of the other taxa.Results:The territorial call of concinna exhibits a distinct two-element motif,while elegans,maria and virginalis utter a three-element motif in which the first two elements are given in quick succession.On the other hand,vigorsii,produces both two-element and three-element motifs with longer breaks in between elements.As further corroborated by the playback trials,the three taxa elegans,virginalis and maria form a tight vocal cluster,whereas each concinna and vigorsii are distinct.The alarm call turned out to be less diagnostic even though most taxa did roughly separate into different vocal clusters.Morphometric analysis failed to produce strong differences,but plumage distinctions among multiple taxa are pronounced.Conclusions:We suggest splitting the Elegant Pitta into three biological species based on bioacoustic and—less so—plumage evidence:(1)Temminck’s Elegant Pitta P.elegans(including subspecies elegans,virginalis and maria),(2)Wallace’s Elegant Pitta P.concinna(monotypic),and(3)Banda Elegant Pitta P.vigorsii(monotypic).
文摘This paper deals with a new family of coupled wave equations which are basically nonlinear in nature. An analytical study enables us to show that these equations exhibit solitary wave profiles. Finally some remarks are drawn from the standpoint of atmospheric problem.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2015CB921000the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University under Grant No 2014TB018
文摘Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral, analytical propagation expressions for the rms beam width and angular of partially coherent elegant Hermite cosh Caussian beam （EHChCB） in non-Kolmogorov turbulence are derived. The effects of exponent value, inner and outer scales of non-Kolmogorov turbulence on partially coherent EFIChGB are investigated quantitatively.
文摘Nine years ago when I first arrived in Beijing to attend college from a small town, I met girls that were so bright and versatile that I felt ignorant and an ugly duckling. I tried to cheer up by reminding myself that I was an outstanding high school student, but to no avail.
