Self-adaptive one-dimensional nonlinear finite element method based on element energy projection method

The element energy projection （EEP） method for computation of super- convergent resulting in a one-dimensional finite element method （FEM） is successfully used to self-adaptive FEM analysis of various linear problems, based on which this paper presents a substantial extension of the whole set of technology to nonlinear problems. The main idea behind the technology transfer from linear analysis to nonlinear analysis is to use Newton＇s method to linearize nonlinear problems into a series of linear problems so that the EEP formulation and the corresponding adaptive strategy can be directly used without the need for specific super-convergence formulation for nonlinear FEM. As a re- sult, a unified and general self-adaptive algorithm for nonlinear FEM analysis is formed. The proposed algorithm is found to be able to produce satisfactory finite element results with accuracy satisfying the user-preset error tolerances by maximum norm anywhere on the mesh. Taking the nonlinear ordinary differential equation （ODE） of second-order as the model problem, this paper describes the related fundamental idea, the imple- mentation strategy, and the computational algorithm. Representative numerical exam- ples are given to show the efficiency, stability, versatility, and reliability of the proposed approach.

SELF-ADAPTIVE STRATEGY FOR ONE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT METHOD BASED ON ELEMENT ENERGY PROJECTION METHOD

Based on the newly-developed element energy projection （EEP） method for computation of super-convergent results in one-dimensional finite element method （FEM）, the task of self-adaptive FEM analysis was converted into the task of adaptive piecewise polynomial interpolation. As a result, a satisfactory FEM mesh can be obtained, and further FEM analysis on this mesh would immediately produce an FEM solution which usually satisfies the user specified error tolerance. Even though the error tolerance was not completely satisfied, one or two steps of further local refinements would be sufficient. This strategy was found to be very simple, rapid, cheap and efficient. Taking the elliptical ordinary differential equation of second order as the model problem, the fundamental idea, implementation strategy and detailed algorithm are described. Representative numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed approach.

Self-adaptive strategy for one-dimensional finite element method based on EEP method with optimal super-convergence order

Based on the newly-developed element energy projection （EEP） method with optimal super-convergence order for computation of super-convergent results, an improved self-adaptive strategy for one-dimensional finite element method （FEM） is proposed. In the strategy, a posteriori errors are estimated by comparing FEM solutions to EEP super-convergent solutions with optimal order of super-convergence, meshes are refined by using the error-averaging method. Quasi-FEM solutions are used to replace the true FEM solutions in the adaptive process. This strategy has been found to be simple, clear, efficient and reliable. For most problems, only one adaptive step is needed to produce the required FEM solutions which pointwise satisfy the user specified error tolerances in the max-norm. Taking the elliptical ordinary differential equation of the second order as the model problem, this paper describes the fundamental idea, implementation strategy and computational algorithm and representative numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed approach.

COMPUTATION OF SUPER-CONVERGENT NODAL STRESSES OF TIMOSHENKO BEAM ELEMENTS BY EEP METHOD

The newly proposed element energy projection(EEP) method has been applied to the computation of super_convergent nodal stresses of Timoshenko beam elements.General formulas based on element projection theorem were derived and illustrative numerical examples using two typical elements were given.Both the analysis and examples show that EEP method also works very well for the problems with vector function solutions.The EEP method gives super_convergent nodal stresses,which are well comparable to the nodal displacements in terms of both convergence rate and error magnitude.And in addition,it can overcome the “shear locking” difficulty for stresses even when the displacements are badly affected.This research paves the way for application of the EEP method to general one_dimensional systems of ordinary differential equations.

Mathematical analysis of EEP method for one-dimensional finite element postprocessing

For a class of two-point boundary value problems, by virtue of onedimensional projection interpolation, it is proved that the nodal recovery derivative obtained by Yuan＇s element energy projection （EEP） method has the accuracy O（h^min{2k,k＋4}） The theoretical analysis coincides the reported numerical results.

离散系统运动方程的Galerkin有限元EEP法自适应求解

对于结构动力分析中的离散系统运动方程,现有算法的计算精度和效率均依赖于时间步长的选取,这是时间域问题求解的难点.基于EEP(element energy projection)超收敛计算的自适应有限元法,以EEP超收敛解代替未知真解,估计常规有限元解的误差,并自动细分网格,目前已对诸类以空间坐标为自变量的边值问题取得成功.对离散系统运动方程建立弱型Galerkin有限元解,引入基于EEP法的自适应求解策略,在时间域上自动划分网格,最终得到所求时域内任一时刻均满足给定误差限的动位移解,进而建立了一种时间域上的新型自适应求解算法.

一维有限元后处理超收敛解答计算的EEP法

提出一维有限元法后处理中超收敛解答的一种自然合理的算法,称为单元能量投影法(EEP)。理论分析和数值算例表明,提出的方法简便易行、行之有效、效果显著;此外,还有一些颇合人意的优点,如:任一点的应力和位移的误差与结点位移的误差具有相同的收敛阶(m次单元可达mh2阶)、结点两边单元各自算出的应力自动平衡、自由端点的应力自动为精确值等。

具有最佳超收敛阶的EEP法计算格式:Ⅰ算法公式

对一维C0问题的高次有限元后处理中超收敛计算的EEP(单元能量投影)法提出改进的最佳超收敛计算格式,即用m次单元对足够光滑问题的有限元解答,采用该格式计算的任意一点的位移和应力都可以达到h2m阶的最佳超收敛结果。整个工作分为3个部分,分别给出算法公式、数值算例和数学证明。该文是系列工作的第一部分,针对高次单元提出了凝聚形函数的概念,并证明了相关的逼近定理和等价定理,在此基础上给出了具体的算法公式。

一维有限元后处理的EEP法的数学分析

利用一维投影型插值与有限元超收敛基本估计,对一类两点边值问题,严格证明了袁驷等人由单元能量投影(EEP)法获得的节点恢复导数,当有限元空间的次数不超过4时,具有最佳阶超收敛.理论分析圆满地解释了已有的数值结果.

一维C^1有限元超收敛解答计算的EEP法

将新近提出的C0有限元后处理中超收敛解答计算的单元能量投影(Element Energy Projection,简称EEP)法推广到一维C1类有限元。根据单元投影定理具体推导了一般梁单元的计算公式,并对两个有代表性的单元给出了数值算例。分析和算例表明,EEP法在一维C1类有限元中再次获得令人满意的效果,即对任一单元中的任一点,从位移一直到三阶导数(如梁的挠度、转角、弯矩、剪力),匀可获得与结点位移精度相当的超收敛结果,而且可精确满足自然边界条件。

Timoshenko梁单元超收敛结点应力的EEP法计算

将新近提出的单元能量投影(ElementEnergyProjection,简称EEP)法应用于Timoshenko梁单元的超收敛结点应力计算· 根据单元投影定理具体推导了一般单元的计算公式,并对两个有代表性的单元给出了数值算例· 分析和算例表明,EEP法对于解答是向量函数(即常微分方程组)的问题具有同样优良的表现,不仅能给出与结点位移精度同阶、同量级的超收敛结点应力。

基于EEP法的一维有限元自适应求解

基于新近提出的一维有限元后处理超收敛算法———单元能量投影(EEP)法,将有限元自适应求解问题转化为对超收敛解答的自适应分段多项式插值问题;对于大多数问题,一步便可获得满意的有限元网格划分,在该网格上再次进行有限元计算,一般即可获得满足用户给定的误差限的有限元解答.即便未能完全满足精度要求,一般只需局部细分加密网格一至二步即可.该法简单实用、高效可靠,是一个颇具优势和潜力的自适应方法.以二阶椭圆型常微分方程模型问题为例,对该法的基本思想、实施策略及具体算法做一介绍,并给出有代表性的数值算例用以展示该法的优良性能和效果.

基于EEP技术的一维有限元结点位移误差计算

利用单元能量投影(Element Energy Projection,简称EEP)法所计算的EEP超收敛解,在不改变有限元网格及其整体刚度矩阵的情况下,导出残差的等效结点荷载向量,只经回代过程即可得到具有更高阶精度的结点位移的误差估计,使结点位移精度得到极大提高。该文以一般的二阶常微分方程边值和初值问题为例,给出算法和相应的数值算例。从中可以看出,本法十分简单而高效:对于m≥1次单元,采用EEP简约格式和凝聚格式修正后的结点位移,分别具有O(h^(2m+2))和O(h^(3m+mod(m,2)))的超常规的超收敛阶。该文给出了典型算例,并对该法的进一步拓展和应用作了讨论。

二阶非自伴两点边值问题Galerkin有限元后处理超收敛解答计算的EEP法

将一维Ritz有限元法超收敛计算的EEP(单元能量投影)法推广到二阶非自伴常微分方程两点边值问题Galerkin有限元法的超收敛计算。在对精确单元的研究中,发现与Ritz有限元法不同,只要检验函数采用伴随算子方程的解,无论试函数取何形式,在结点处都可得到精确的解函数值。对近似单元的研究表明,EEP法同样适用于Galerkin有限元法,不仅保留了简便易行、行之有效、效果显著的特点,同时也保留了EEP法的特有优点,如:任一点的导数和解函数的误差与结点值的误差具有相同的收敛阶。

具有最佳超收敛阶的EEP法计算格式:Ⅱ数值算例

对一维C0问题的高次有限元后处理中超收敛计算的EEP(单元能量投影)法提出改进的最佳超收敛计算格式,即用m次单元对足够光滑问题的有限元解答,采用该格式计算的任意一点的位移和应力都可以达到h2m阶的最佳超收敛结果。整个工作分为3个部分,分别给出算法公式、数值算例和数学证明。该文是系列工作的第二部分,给出实施算法和数值算例,用以验证理论公式的有效性和正确性。

基于最佳超收敛阶EEP法的一维有限元自适应求解

基于新近提出的具有最佳超收敛阶的单元能量投影(EEP)超收敛算法,提出用具有最佳超收敛阶的EEP超收敛解对有限元解进行误差估计,用均差法进行网格划分,用拟有限元解进行多次遍历而不反复求解有限元真解,形成一套新型的一维有限元自适应求解策略.该法理论上简明清晰,算法上高效可靠,对于大多数问题,一步自适应迭代便可给出按最大模度量逐点满足误差限的有限元解答.以二阶椭圆型常微分方程模型问题为例,介绍了该法的基本思想、实施策略及具体算法,并给出具有代表性的数值算例,以展示该法的优良性能和效果.

具有最佳超收敛阶的EEP法计算格式:Ⅲ数学证明

对一维C0问题的高次有限元后处理中超收敛计算的EEP(单元能量投影)法提出改进的最佳超收敛计算格式,即用m次单元对足够光滑问题的有限元解答,采用该格式计算的任一点的位移和应力都可以达到h2m阶的最佳超收敛结果。整个工作分为3个部分,分别给出算法公式、数值算例和数学证明。该文是系列工作的第三部分,对所提出的最佳的EEP超收敛格式给出数学证明。

复杂等离子体光子晶体能带结构计算

等离子体光子晶体是由等离子体和其他介电材料或者真空构成的,具有周期性结构,其可调控的带隙特性使得等离子体光子晶体在滤波器、等离子体隐身衣和等离子体透镜等军事医学器件制造上具有广泛的应用。因此,通过改变等离子体的密度、温度等参数来获取满足特定需求的能带结构特性便有着非常重要的意义。基于上述考虑,提出Petrov-Galerkin有限元计算方法来求解并分析等离子体光子晶体的带隙特性。该方法的核心思想是构造在边界上系数互为倒数的基函数和测试函数所构成的空间,在消除边界上积分的同时降低自由度。采用的网格为半笛卡尔投影网格,该网格能适应复杂等离子体柱形状。在建立弱形式时将界面非线性连续条件线性化,简化了界面积分项的处理。通过绘制数值算例的能带结构图,分析验证了等离子体电子密度、等离子体光子晶体柱的填充率和形状等因素对带隙宽度、带隙位置、耦合带隙以及截止频率造成的影响,从而实现等离子体光子晶体能带结构的可调控性。

杆件轴向受迫振动的Galerkin有限元EEP法自适应求解

基于单元能量投影(element energy projection,EEP)法自适应分析在杆件静力问题以及离散系统运动方程组中所取得的成果,以直杆轴向受迫振动为例,研究并建立了一种在时间域和一维空间域同时实现自适应分析的方法.该方法在时间和空间两个维度都采用连续的Galerkin有限元法(finite element method,FEM)进行求解,根据半离散的思想,由空间有限元离散将模型问题的偏微分控制方程转化为离散系统运动方程组,对该方程组进行时域有限元自适应求解;然后再基于空间域超收敛计算的EEP解对空间域进行自适应,直至最终的时空网格下动位移解答的精度逐点均满足给定误差限要求.文中对其基本思想、关键技术和实施策略进行了阐述,并给出了包括地震波输入下的典型算例以展示该法有效可靠.

一维Ritz有限元EEP超收敛位移计算简约格式的直接推导与证明

一维Ritz有限元后处理超收敛计算的EEP(单元能量投影)法简约格式中,若问题和解答足够光滑,其m(>1)次单元的超收敛位移解在单元内任一点均可以达到至少hm+2的超收敛阶。对此,本文提出一套全新的推证方法,通过对单元能量投影的等效变形,直接推导出EEP简约格式位移解的计算公式及其误差项,进而采用更为简单通用的数学证明方法,证明了这一超收敛性。