An efficient source wavefield reconstruction scheme using single boundary layer values for the spectral element method

In the adjoint-state method, the forward-propagated source wavefield and the backward-propagated receiver wavefield must be available simultaneously either for seismic imaging in migration or for gradient calculation in inversion. A feasible way to avoid the excessive storage demand is to reconstruct the source wavefield backward in time by storing the entire history of the wavefield in perfectly matched layers. In this paper, we make full use of the elementwise global property of the Laplace operator of the spectral element method (SEM) and propose an efficient source wavefield reconstruction method at the cost of storing the wavefield history only at single boundary layer nodes. Numerical experiments indicate that the accuracy of the proposed method is identical to that of the conventional method and is independent of the order of the Lagrange polynomials, the element type, and the temporal discretization method. In contrast, the memory-saving ratios of the conventional method versus our method is at least N when using either quadrilateral or hexahedron elements, respectively, where N is the order of the Lagrange polynomials used in the SEM. A higher memorysaving ratio is achieved with triangular elements versus quadrilaterals. The new method is applied to reverse time migration by considering the Marmousi model as a benchmark. Numerical results demonstrate that the method is able to provide the same result as the conventional method but with about 1/25 times lower storage demand. With the proposed wavefield reconstruction method, the storage demand is dramatically reduced;therefore, in-core memory storage is feasible even for large-scale three-dimensional adjoint inversion problems.

Stereographic Projections of Symmetry Elements and Single Forms on Quasicrystals

In total, there are 12 systems, 60 point groups and 89 single forms in crystals and quasicrystals. Among them, 5 new systems, 28 new point groups and 42 new single forms belong to quasicrystals, while the other 7 systems, 32 point groups and 47 single forms belong to crystals. In this paper, the point groups and single forms of quasicrystals are deduced and drawn as stereographic projections by the rules of crystallographic point groups. These stereographic projections integrate the crystal and quasicrystal symmetry theories.

Finite Element Analyses and Instrumentation Layout for Single Coil Testing of TF Coils in HT-7U

The HT-7U tokamak is a magnetically-confined full superconducting fusion device, consisting of superconducting toroidal field (TF) coils and superconducting poloidal field (PF) coils. These coils are wound with cable-in-conductor (CICC) which is based on UNK NbTi wires made in Russian '. A single D-shaped toroidal field magnet coil will be tested for large and expensive magnets systems before assembling them in the toroidal configuration. This paper describes the layout of the instrumentation for a superconducting test facility based on the results of a finite element modeling of the single coil of toroidal magnetic field (TF) coils in HT-7U tokamak device. At the same time, the design of coil support structure in the test facility is particularly discussed in some detail.

Analysis of the elemental spectral characteristics of single elemental capture spectrum log using Monte-Carlo simulation

In this study,the gamma-ray spectrum of single elemental capture spectrum log was simulated.By numerical simulation we obtain a single-element neutron capture gamma spectrum.The neutron and photon transportable processes were simulated using the Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code System(MCNP),where an Am–Be neutron source generated the neutrons and thermal neutron capture reactions with the stratigraphic elements.The characteristic gamma rays and the standard gamma spectra were recorded,from analyzing of the characteristic spectra analysis we obtain the ten elements in the stratum,such as Si,Ca,Fe,S,Ti,Al,K,Na,Cl,and Ba.Comparing with single elemental capture gamma spectrum of Schlumberger,the simulated characteristic peak and the spectral change results are in good agreement with Schlumberger.The characteristic peak positions observed also consistent with the data obtained from the National Nuclear Data Center of the International Atomic Energy Agency.The neutron gamma spectrum results calculated using this simple method have practical applications.They also serve as an reference for data processing using other types of element logging tools.

Model tests and numerical analyses on horizontal impedance functions of inclined single piles embedded in cohesionless soil

Horizontal impedance functions of inclined single piles are measured experimentally for model soil-pile systems with both the effects of local soil nonlinearity and resonant characteristics.Two practical pile inclinations of 5掳 and 10掳 in addition to a vertical pile embedded in cohesionless soil and subjected to lateral harmonic pile head loadings for a wide range of frequencies are considered.Results obtained with low-to-high amplitude of lateral loadings on model soil-pile systems encased in a laminar shear box show that the local nonlinearities have a profound impact on the horizontal impedance functions of piles.Horizontal impedance functions of inclined piles are found to be smaller than the vertical pile and the values decrease as the angle of pile inclination increases.Distinct values of horizontal impedance functions are obtained for the ＇positive＇ and ＇negative＇ cycles of harmonic loadings,leading to asymmetric force-displacement relationships for the inclined piles.Validation of these experimental results is carried out through three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analyses,and the results from the numerical models are in good agreement with the experimental data.Sensitivity analyses conducted on the numerical models suggest that the consideration of local nonlinearity at the vicinity of the soil-pile interface influence the response of the soil-pile systems.

Numerical simulation and damage analysis of fissure field evolution law in a single coal seam mining

Based on the different deformation and failure laws of coal and rock materials under tensile or compressive loads,the damage variable was defined to divide three phases from the damage and rupture point of view in order to reveal the fissured field evolution characteristics and spatial distribution of coal and rock in the single coal seam mining with low permeability and rich methane.According to the corresponding damage constitutive equations,the secondary development of the finite element program was completed.The fissures field evolution law of a coal mine with single coal seam mining was calculated and analyzed by this new program and the distribution areas and failure degree of the surrounding coal and rock structures with damage,fissure or rupture are given on the condition of mining.This paper provides a scientific basis for quantitative research and evaluation of the safe simultaneous production of coal and gas.

Temperature Field Analysis and Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy Inference System for MgO Single Crystal Production

The temperature field in MgO single crystal furnace is crucial to grow high-purity MgO single crystals with large sizes. In order to build proper temperature gradient, firstly finite element method （FEM） was used to study the temperature field distributions, and then a temperature controller with adaptive neuro- fuzzy inference system （ANFIS） was developed based on the result of FEM and practical experiences. When the temperature in MgO single crystal furnace was changed, the controller would regulate the positions of three- phase electrodes and the voltage of the power simultaneously. The experimental results indicate that using the adaptive neuro-fuzzy control system can improve the quality and the quantity of the MgO single crystal production.

THE NEAR TIP STRESS AND STRAIN FIELDS IN CRACKED SINGLE CRYSTALS

The numerical analyses of stationary mathematically sharp Mode I crack in FCC and BCC crystals with elastic-ideally plastic(EIP)and fast hardening saturation(FHS)law are carried out in the present paper.From the calculated re- sults,it is shown that:for the cases of small strain,EIP crystal cracks,the features of concentrated deformation patterns and the stress state in near-crack tip deforma- tion fields are identical to the earlier analytical solutions,but along the angular sector boundaries,there exist narrow complex stress zones.The overall characteristics of de- formation patterns for the cases of EIP and FHS are similar.The behaviours of crack tip opening can be characterized by crack-tip-opening-displacement(CTOD).For the case of FHS,finite deformation BCC crystal crack,our calculations are qualitatively in agreement with recent experimental observations.

Theoretical analysis of texture evolution in cold rolling process of single crystal aluminum

The crystal plasticity finite element method(CPFEM),which incorporates the crystal plasticity constitutive law into the finite element method,was developed to investigate the rolling processes of the cubic oriented and Goss oriented Al single crystal. The simulation results show that after rolling the crystal predominantly rotates around the transverse direction(TD) for both orientations. The rotations around the rolling direction(RD) and the normal direction(ND) are negligible. The reduction plays a significant role in the texture evolution. The TD rotation angle increases with increasing reduction. The deformation bands exist in the rolled specimens with the cubic initial orientation. Compared with the cubic oriented specimens,the TD rotation angles in the Goss oriented specimens are very small.

FEM Simulation of Single-Grit Grinding on a 2.5D Woven Composite

Single-grit grinding of a 2.5D woven composite was investigated by the finite-element method (FEM) using a unit-cell model. According to our hypotheses, the axis of the warp yarn was a sinusoidal curve and the cross section of the weft yarn was shaped like a biconvex lens. AVUMAT subroutine was used to construct the constitutive model of the 2.5D woven composite. The grinding process of the composite was analyzed using an FEM simulation with the ABAQUS/Explicit software. A validation experiment was also carried out. The simulation results showed that a grinding crack was well simulated. Furthermore, the junctions between the warp yarn and weft yarn were found to be seriously damaged and cracks were observed to extend outward along the warp fiber during grinding, in good agreement with the experimental results. In addition, the strain of weft yarns was obviously greater than that of warp yarns when the grinding direction was perpendicular to the weft yarns and parallel to the axis of the warp yarns. These results demonstrate that the mesostructure strongly influences the grinding damage inflicted on woven composites. © 2017 Tianjin University and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany

Singly Covered Minimal Elements of Linked Partitions and Cycles of Permutations

Linked partitions were introduced by Dykema(Dykema K J. Multilinear function series and transforms in free probability theory. Adv. Math., 2005, 208(1):351–407) in the study of the unsymmetrized T-transform in free probability theory.Permutation is one of the most classical combinatorial structures. According to the linear representation of linked partitions, Chen et al.(Chen W Y C, Wu S Y J, Yan C H. Linked partitions and linked cycles. European J. Combin., 2008, 29(6): 1408–1426) de?ned the concept of singly covered minimal elements. Let L(n, k) denote the set of linked partitions of [n] with k singly covered minimal elements and let P(n, k) denote the set of permutations of [n] with k cycles. In this paper, we mainly establish two bijections between L(n, k) and P(n, k). The two bijections from a different perspective show the one-to-one correspondence between the singly covered minimal elements in L(n, k) and the cycles in P(n, k).

Geometrical Dimensional Effect on Natural Frequency of Single Layer Graphene in Armchair Configuration

Graphene has remarkable strength,such as yield strength and elastic constant.The dynamic behaviour of graphene sheet is affected by geometrical variation in atomic arrangement.This paper introduced graphene with armchair atomic structure for estimating fundamental natural frequencies.The presented analysis can be useful for the possible high frequency nanomechanical resonator systems.The analytical formulation,based on classical plate theory and continuum solid modelling based finite element method have been performed for estimation of fundamental natural frequencies of single layer graphene sheet(SGLS)with different boundary conditions.The free edge and clamped edge boundary conditions have been considered.For simplifying analytical formulations,Blevins approach for dynamic solution has been adopted and for validating analytical results.The finite element analysis of SLGS has been performed using ANSYS software.The effect of variation in geometrical parameters in terms of width and length of SLGS has been analysed for realization of ultra-high frequency based nanomechanical resonator systems.

基于向量式有限元的网壳结构地震易损性分析

为解决网壳结构地震易损性研究中,增量动力分析(incremental dynamic analysis,IDA)所面临的结构非线性分析耗时长且求解困难的问题,提出了一种基于向量式有限元的IDA方法。首先,以一个Kiewitt-8型单层球面网壳为例,验证了向量式有限元方法求解结构地震响应的准确性,其次选取12个不同参数的Kiewitt-8型单层球面网壳为研究对象,并考虑材料不确定性进行IDA分析,以地震峰值加速度与结构最大节点位移比为参数,绘制了结构在地震作用下的IDA曲线和轻微破坏、严重破坏及倒塌这三种性态下的易损性曲线。结果表明:向量式有限元能高效且准确的求解网壳结构的地震响应,屋面质量和矢跨比的增加均会增加三种性态点的超越概率;对于本文的网壳结构算例,求解时间仅为传统有限元方法的1/15,误差在3%以内,屋面质量和矢跨比的改变导致地震危险性最大增加了75%。

异形单层网壳结构的整体稳定性研究及关键节点分析

单层网壳结构属于缺陷敏感结构,整体稳定问题是结构设计的关键.单层网壳结构可以采用空间相贯节点,有必要对节点进行三维实体有限元分析,在此基础上研究节点的力学性能.本文总结了单层网壳结构整体稳定分析的方法,归纳了空间相贯节点三维实体有限元分析方法;针对异形单层网壳结构,研究了结构的静力性能、结构网格与建筑形状对结构承载能力的影响,确定了结构的弹性稳定承载力和弹塑性稳定承载力;对空间相贯节点进行了有限元分析,得到节点处应力的分布情况,并研究了节点隐蔽部位有无焊缝对节点力学性能的影响.结果表明:异形单层网壳的曲率变化和结构网格对关键部位处杆件受力影响较大;稳定承载力对单层网壳结构起控制作用,对此异形单层网壳进行弹塑性稳定分析,结构安全系数达到24;隐蔽部位焊缝对节点承载力的影响较大,设置隐蔽部位焊缝后,节点处各杆件的最大应力可减小20%以上.

人工肾脏泵用磁悬浮轴承设计与磁力特性分析

代替透析膜的持续离心分离新方法提高了依赖血液透析治疗的肾脏病患者生活质量,随之,人工肾脏泵的研究被很多学者关注.但传统人工肾脏泵采用滚动轴承进行支撑,存在溶血高、血栓率高等问题,为此,本文利用磁悬浮轴承的非接触、无润滑、高转速等优点,研发了一种应用于人工肾脏泵的结构紧凑且节能的单自由度控制型磁悬浮轴承.利用有限元分析软件进行仿真,探索径向被动控制部分和轴向主动控制部分的设计参数,并对总体进行仿真验证,进而对磁悬浮轴承进行结构性能评估.结果表明:仿真与实验的径向位移刚度系数分别为47.432 N/mm和49.531 N/mm,轴向电流刚度系数分别为0.144 N/AT和0.135 N/AT,轴向位移刚度系数为223.071 N/mm,满足该磁悬浮轴承的五自由度稳定悬浮要求;所设计的磁悬浮轴承简化了系统结构,减小了控制难度以及降低了系统功耗.

血清微量元素与营养素对骨坏死因果效应的孟德尔随机化分析

背景:多项临床研究观察表明血清微量元素和营养素与骨坏死之间存在密切关系,但血清微量元素和营养素与骨坏死之间是否存在遗传因果效应尚不清楚。目的:通过孟德尔随机化方法探讨血清微量元素与营养素对骨坏死的因果效应。方法:暴露因素血清微量元素和维生素的单核苷酸多态性来自已发表的UK Biobank数据库以及全基因组关联研究公开数据库。结局事件骨坏死全基因组关联研究数据来自FinnGen Biobank数据库。采用孟德尔随机化方法探讨7种微量元素和3种营养素与骨坏死之间的因果关系。利用逆方差加权、MR-Egger和加权中位数等方法进行因果推断,计算F值统计量以确保工具变量的稳健性,采用Cochran’s Q统计法和留一法进行异质性检验,采用MR-Egger回归法、MR-PRESSO进行水平多效性检验。使用PhenoScanner数据库剔除具有水平多效性的单核苷酸多态性,以确保结果的可靠性。结果与结论:经过孟德尔随机化分析发现,血清硒、磷酸盐以及维生素C、维生素E与骨坏死之间存在明显的因果关系。血清硒、维生素C、维生素E对骨坏死有保护作用,磷酸盐摄入过多会增加骨坏死的风险。研究过程中没有发现异质性和水平多效性,孟德尔随机化统计效力(Power值>80%)显示上述4项结果可靠,研究结果对于开发有针对性的预防及治疗骨坏死的措施具有重要临床意义。

小麦育种单穗电动脱粒机设计与试验

【目的】针对小麦育种单穗收获、采样工作量大、田间实时采样不便等问题,设计了一款便携式的小麦育种单穗电动脱粒机。【方法】单穗脱粒机采用了脱粒板和清选风机同轴、U型清选风道、清选风量调节可调的结构设计。确定了脱粒板结构、脱粒板转速,清选风机直径、叶片数及风机风速等参数。通过计算流体力学(compu-tational fluid dynamics,CFD)对最小进口风速5 m·s^(-1)、最大进口风速10 m·s^(-1)分别进行清选性能试验。由仿真可知清选区风速均小于小麦籽粒的悬浮速度,大于杂余的悬浮速度,都能够达到小麦清选的要求。利用离散元法(distinct element method,DEM),采用多尺度颗粒聚合的方法建立可脱粒小麦植株模型;通过仿真试验,分析小麦籽粒在脱粒机内的速度和位移随时间的变化规律,对滞种问题进行分析。【结果】为研究脱粒滚筒转速、喂入量、凹板筛间隙对脱粒机滞种的影响,设计3因素3水平正交试验,极差分析法结果表明,各因素于滞种率主次顺序依次为脱粒滚筒转速>喂入量>凹板筛间隙,其中滞种率最小的工作参数组合是滚筒转速为1000 r·min^(-1),喂入量为3穗·次^(-1),凹板筛间隙为6 mm。在小麦育种单穗电动脱粒机样基础上进行了试验验证。结果表明,脱粒机没有滞种现象,脱出籽粒含杂率为0.83%。【结论】小麦育种单穗电动脱粒机有良好的脱粒性能且无滞种问题,满足小麦育种单穗脱粒的要求。

CFRP层合板单搭胶接接头胶板界面剥离强度仿真分析

基于异材界面奇异应力场理论,以CFRP层合板单搭胶接结构为对象,通过有限元和实验的方法分析了结构承载时板胶结合界面上出现的应力分布,锁定界面剥离强度关键区域,通过网格无关的有限元应力比值法提升仿真求解精度,最大限度还原板胶界面应力分布,着重探讨了多层各向异性CFRP板与传统均质材料在仿真过程和结果的差异,及搭接长度、胶层厚度、结构胶参数等对板胶界面应力分布及起裂点位置的影响,为板胶界面剥离应力的优化、胶接工艺的改进和单搭胶接接头强度的提升提供理论支撑。结果表明:各层参数不同的CFRP板胶界面承载时,剥离应力的最大处需由三个维度共同约束,其中两个维度的约束结果与均质材料相同,极值位于板胶界面垂直于拉伸方向的边缘,实际结构中失效的起始亦常见于此处,第三维度受层合板多层异性影响,该边缘上应力最大的点既不位于该边缘的中点也不位于界面角部,具体位置由材料参数和胶接结构共同影响。

船式拖拉机直线工作参数优选研究

为提高船式拖拉机驱动性能,以单轮叶为研究对象,结合离散元法搭建了仿真模型与土槽试验平台,分析单轮叶与土壤的直线作业机理。验证仿真模型的有效性后,从单轮叶与土壤作业过程出发,对单轮叶直线作业过程受力进行了分析,发现单轮叶推进力和支撑力均随着转过角度的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势变化。以单轮叶推进力和扭矩作为评价指标,探究单轮叶工作参数对驱动性能的影响规律,通过多因素法得到最佳的工作参数组合。研究结果表明:最优工作参数组合为入土角度11°、入土深度147mm、前进速度1.6m/s,此时轮叶推进力为172.51N、扭矩为69.82N·m,优化后的单轮叶推进力提高了40.82N,扭矩下降了34.77N·m。土槽试验表明:优化后的单轮叶损耗功率降低明显,驱动性能得到了有效提高,结果为船式拖拉机工作参数选择提供了理论依据。

思政元素融入混凝土结构课程的教学设计--以单筋矩形截面梁承载力设计为例

土木工程专业的课程思政设计是实现专业课程与思政课同步前行的重要举措,也是培养社会主义合格建设者和可靠接班人的重要途径。混凝土结构系列课程在土木工程专业课程体系中占据重要的地位,因此,在对课程教学背景和学情分析的基础上,以单筋矩形截面梁承载力设计知识单元为例,基于OBE理念,将思政元素融入教学设计,从课程目标、课程内容、教学过程设计、教学方法设计及教学实施方面,探讨如何合理、科学地将思政元素引入课程教学设计的各个环节,不仅解决专业教育和思政教育“两张皮”问题,且对学生的自主学习能力和学习热情起到积极的促进作用,另外对其他专业课具有引领和示范作用。